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Languages, Volume 3, Issue 4

2018 December - 9 articles

Cover Story: Languages (www.mdpi.com/journal/languages) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal on interdisciplinary studies of languages and linguistics, indexed in DOAJ and ERIH Plus. We welcome contributions within any theoretical, experimental or applied approach.
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Articles (9)

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,328 Views
20 Pages

23 November 2018

Adjectives appear predominantly postnominally in Spanish, and when prenominal, cannot be interpreted as restrictive. We explore whether heritage speakers of Spanish have the same interpretive and ordering restriction as monolinguals. Twenty-two US co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,745 Views
8 Pages

19 November 2018

The phenomenon under discussion is an example of a grammatical change that can be explained by refunctionalization, and as such, can be understood as the acquisition of a new meaning by an ‘endangered’ grammatical construction, which is r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,699 Views
12 Pages

14 November 2018

The chapter presents the current state of research concerning the development of the BE + past participle constructions from Latin to Spanish. Starting from the description in Rosemeyer (2014) and the theoretical background collated in Kailuweit and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
7,551 Views
34 Pages

13 November 2018

The goals of this study were to investigate the developmental patterns of acquisition of the Spanish tap and trill by L1 Mandarin–L2 English–L3 Spanish speakers, and to examine the extent to which the L1 and the L2 influenced the L3 produ...

  • Book Review
  • Open Access
3,450 Views
4 Pages

2 November 2018

The study of language contact can be approached from different perspectives, such as in terms of diachronic development, synchronic variation, structural change, or social meanings. [...]

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,608 Views
24 Pages

31 October 2018

This paper examines the morphological integration of nouns in bilingual children’s code-switching to investigate whether children adhere to constraints posited for adult code-switching. The changing nature of grammars in development makes the M...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,937 Views
16 Pages

23 October 2018

This paper explores the relationship between refunctionalization and usage frequency. In particular, it argues that (a) refunctionalization is more likely for low-frequency construction than high-frequency constructions, and that (b) high-frequency p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,854 Views
10 Pages

17 October 2018

This study aimed to investigate how individuals with bipolar disorder integrate auditory and visual speech information compared to healthy individuals. Furthermore, we wanted to see whether there were any differences between manic and depressive epis...

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Languages - ISSN 2226-471X