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Article

Unlocking Pomegranate’s Potential: Ultrasonication-Enriched Oil in Nanobeads for Innovative Cosmetic Hydrogels

by
Ameni Ben Abdennebi
1,2,*,
Iness Bettaieb Rebey
1,*,
Rym Essid
3,4,
Majdi Hammami
1,
Hamza Gadhoumi
1,
Raghda Yazidi
1,
Emna Chaabani
1,
Saber Khammessi
1,
Salma Nait Mohamed
5,
Walid Yeddes
1 and
Moufida Saidani-Tounsi
1
1
Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Borj Cedria Biotechnology Center, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
2
Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
3
Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Tunisia Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cedria Technopole, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
4
Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology and Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
5
Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Borj Cedria Biotechnology Center, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cosmetics 2025, 12(5), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics12050180
Submission received: 30 July 2025 / Revised: 20 August 2025 / Accepted: 22 August 2025 / Published: 25 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Cosmetics in 2025)
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Abstract

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), is renowned for its bioactive compounds, offering significant potential in cosmetic applications due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. This study presents a sustainably sourced cosmetic ingredient developed by enriching pomegranate seed oil with peel powder using optimized ultrasonication, followed by encapsulation in alginate nanobeads and integration into a minimalist hydrogel formulation. A Box–Behnken experimental design was employed to optimize ultrasonication parameters (15 min, 90% power, 202 mg/mL powder-to-oil ratio), yielding an enriched PSO with significantly enhanced total phenolic content (TPC: 69.23 ± 1.66 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (TFC: 61.09 ± 1.66 mg QE/g), and robust DPPH antioxidant activity (78.63 ± 3.81%). The enriched oil exhibited enhanced oxidative stability (peroxide value: 5.75 ± 0.30 meq O2/kg vs. 50.95 ± 0.07 meq O2/kg for neutral oil), improved fatty acid profile, and significant anti-inflammatory (IC50 = 897.25 µg/mL for NO inhibition) and antibacterial activities. Alginate nanobeads (432.46 ± 12.59 nm, zeta potential: −30.74 ± 3.20 mV) ensured bioactivity preservation, while the hydrogel maintained physicochemical and microbial stability over 60 days under accelerated conditions (40 ± 2 °C, 75 ± 5% RH). This multifunctional formulation, integrating sustainable extraction, advanced encapsulation, and a minimalist delivery system, represents a highly promising natural ingredient for anti-aging and antioxidant cosmetic applications.
Keywords: pomegranate; ultrasonication; Box–Behnken design; alginate nanobeads; hydrogel; biological activity; cosmetic formulation pomegranate; ultrasonication; Box–Behnken design; alginate nanobeads; hydrogel; biological activity; cosmetic formulation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ben Abdennebi, A.; Bettaieb Rebey, I.; Essid, R.; Hammami, M.; Gadhoumi, H.; Yazidi, R.; Chaabani, E.; Khammessi, S.; Nait Mohamed, S.; Yeddes, W.; et al. Unlocking Pomegranate’s Potential: Ultrasonication-Enriched Oil in Nanobeads for Innovative Cosmetic Hydrogels. Cosmetics 2025, 12, 180. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics12050180

AMA Style

Ben Abdennebi A, Bettaieb Rebey I, Essid R, Hammami M, Gadhoumi H, Yazidi R, Chaabani E, Khammessi S, Nait Mohamed S, Yeddes W, et al. Unlocking Pomegranate’s Potential: Ultrasonication-Enriched Oil in Nanobeads for Innovative Cosmetic Hydrogels. Cosmetics. 2025; 12(5):180. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics12050180

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ben Abdennebi, Ameni, Iness Bettaieb Rebey, Rym Essid, Majdi Hammami, Hamza Gadhoumi, Raghda Yazidi, Emna Chaabani, Saber Khammessi, Salma Nait Mohamed, Walid Yeddes, and et al. 2025. "Unlocking Pomegranate’s Potential: Ultrasonication-Enriched Oil in Nanobeads for Innovative Cosmetic Hydrogels" Cosmetics 12, no. 5: 180. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics12050180

APA Style

Ben Abdennebi, A., Bettaieb Rebey, I., Essid, R., Hammami, M., Gadhoumi, H., Yazidi, R., Chaabani, E., Khammessi, S., Nait Mohamed, S., Yeddes, W., & Saidani-Tounsi, M. (2025). Unlocking Pomegranate’s Potential: Ultrasonication-Enriched Oil in Nanobeads for Innovative Cosmetic Hydrogels. Cosmetics, 12(5), 180. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics12050180

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