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Systems, Volume 14, Issue 3

2026 March - 110 articles

Cover Story: This study presents an LLM-based cognitive architecture that bridges stochastic language models with symbolic mental models for team problem-solving. The system couples an LLM with an editable knowledge-graph scaffold and an adaptive controller scheduling five reasoning strategies. Two core operations drive the approach: elaborations (graph updates validated by coverage and consistency checks) and combinations (feature-level recomposition), letting teams systematically explore the solution space. Evaluated by 30 collaborators across nine open-ended scenarios, the architecture achieved +19.1% solution completeness, −18.5% dialogue turns, and higher lexical diversity versus chain-of-thought baselines, showing that structured cognitive scaffolding meaningfully enhances collaborative creativity. View this paper
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Articles (110)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,661 Views
21 Pages

23 March 2026

Sustainable human resource management (HRM) has attracted growing attention as a new paradigm for enhancing organizational resilience. However, prior studies mainly examined the effects of individual practices, offering a limited explanation of how o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring the Interrelation of Human Resource Management and Corporate Performance Using Systems Thinking)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,540 Views
25 Pages

23 March 2026

Manufacturing is going through a significant shift propelled by Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing infrastructures, requiring sophisticated production control techniques that can adaptively adjust to fluctuating operational situations. This paper p...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling of Complex Systems and Systems of Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
783 Views
49 Pages

23 March 2026

In order to tackle resilient supplier selection (RSS) of high uncertainty in resilient supply chain management, an effective correlation coefficients-based multicriteria group decision-making (MCGDM) methodology has been constructed. The major contri...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,418 Views
20 Pages

23 March 2026

With the proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) products, Algorithmic Management (AM) is becoming an increasingly prevalent option for corporate governance. Meanwhile, the traditional boundaries between human–machine and interpersonal re...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
873 Views
20 Pages

A Gain-Modulated Max Pressure Control for Port Collection and Distribution Road Networks

  • Yifei Mao,
  • Tunan Xu,
  • Nuojia Pan,
  • Weijie Chen,
  • Hang Yang,
  • Manel Grifoll,
  • Markos Papageorgiou and
  • Pengjun Zheng

23 March 2026

Freight-dominant port collection and distribution road networks exhibit strong spatial congestion, early spillback, and heterogeneous vehicle dynamics that challenge conventional traffic signal control strategies. Although Max-Pressure (MP) signal co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling and Simulation Innovations for Advanced Logistics Systems Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,824 Views
25 Pages

23 March 2026

Understanding and developing habits in complex systems thinking using STEM-integrated perspectives is essential in addressing education and workforce needs in society. In this study, we investigated a learning intervention that incorporated multiple...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Theory and Methodology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,853 Views
34 Pages

23 March 2026

Cities are increasingly expected to address digital transformation and sustainability challenges at the same time. However, existing urban indices generally approach smart city and sustainable city perspectives separately, which limits their ability...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation Optimization and Performance Assessment of Complex Social-Economic Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,314 Views
33 Pages

23 March 2026

As robotaxis transition from technological validation to commercial operation, converting first-time tryers into long-term users becomes pivotal for achieving sustainable development. Existing research mainly examines factors affecting initial adopti...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,013 Views
22 Pages

Evaluating the Influence of Alert Modalities on Driver Attention Transitions Under Visual Distraction: A Sequence Analysis Approach

  • Niloufar Shirani,
  • Elena Orlova,
  • Manmohan Joshi,
  • Paul (Young Joun) Ha,
  • Yu Song,
  • Anshu Bamney,
  • Kai Wang and
  • Eric Jackson

20 March 2026

This study evaluates how different alert conditions influence driver attention transitions under conditions of visual distraction using sequence analysis. Employing a within-subject experimental design, 13 participants underwent trials in a driving s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Safe Systems for Road Safety: A Human Factors Perspective)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,802 Views
39 Pages

19 March 2026

In the context of the rapid advancement of financial technology, the issue of credit card default has become increasingly salient, emerging as one of the crucial risks that financial institutions are eagerly addressing. Traditional credit card defaul...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data Analytics for Social, Economic and Environmental Issues)
  • Article
  • Open Access
595 Views
26 Pages

19 March 2026

Corporate risk-taking, crucial for sustainable development, is shaped by the interplay of multiple institutional logics. However, existing research lacks a systematic understanding of how government, market, and technology logics collectively drive c...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,552 Views
20 Pages

19 March 2026

This paper describes the step-by-step processes towards the formalization of a core ontology for missions and capabilities in systems of systems, and the development of a specific system of systems domain ontology from the formalized ontology. The st...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,476 Views
35 Pages

Digital Transformation in SMEs: Governance Performance Mediated by AI-Enabled Analytics and Process Integration

  • Sultan Bader Aljehani,
  • Khalid Waleed Ahmed Abdo,
  • Imdadullah Hidayat-ur-Rehman,
  • Doaa Mohamed Ibrahim Badran and
  • Mahmoud Abdelgawwad Abdelhady

18 March 2026

Digital transformation has become important for SMEs that want better control, transparency, and coordinated operations. Yet, many studies treat digital tools in isolation and do not explain how AI and big data capabilities, together with process int...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Open Innovation in the Age of AI and Digital Transformation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,685 Views
20 Pages

18 March 2026

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has intensified debates regarding its impact on the labor market, specifically concerning the potential for replacement versus the augmentation of human labor. While the existing literature highli...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systems Approaches in E-Commerce and Business Intelligence: Innovations and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
655 Views
27 Pages

18 March 2026

Under traditional spot-sale strategies, the perishability and demand uncertainty of fresh agricultural products often result in market share erosion and profit losses for retailers. To address this challenge, this study constructs and compares decisi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,344 Views
23 Pages

18 March 2026

Managing supply chain risks is a core pillar of operational and supply chain resilience building in the global industrial chain system, which is essential for the high-quality and sustainable development of manufacturing firms. Against the backdrop o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation and Supply Chain Risk Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,668 Views
21 Pages

18 March 2026

Accurate and interpretable air quality prediction remains a critical challenge for environmental health management due to complex, nonlinear interactions among emissions, meteorology, and atmospheric chemistry. This study presents a hybrid physics in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
860 Views
26 Pages

17 March 2026

Energy poverty remains an important challenge for sustainable development in China, with pronounced regional disparities and evolving temporal dynamics that require accurate and interpretable prediction tools. This study develops a provincial panel-b...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Open Innovation in the Age of AI and Digital Transformation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,626 Views
19 Pages

17 March 2026

To address the lag and limited sensitivity of conventional shipping freight indicators, this study develops a news-based sentiment measure for the shipping market and examines its association with BDI dynamics. Using shipping-related news headlines f...

(This article belongs to the Topic Data Science and Intelligent Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,259 Views
21 Pages

17 March 2026

The low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) and carbon emissions trading (CET) represent two critical policies for reducing carbon emissions. Accurately evaluating their synergistic effects on the reduction in pollution and carbon emissions (RPCE) is of utmost...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,015 Views
26 Pages

17 March 2026

Supply chain (SC) disruption risk assessment and mitigation have attracted significant attention in both academia and practice. However, existing research predominantly focuses on unidirectional disruption propagation, either forward or backward, des...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Uncertainty-Aware Decision Making in Supply Chain and Logistics: Integration of Fuzzy, Stochastic, and Analytical Approaches)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,960 Views
30 Pages

17 March 2026

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has strong potential in health monitoring systems to support high-quality healthcare while mitigating cybersecurity risks. AI-based solutions for health and wellness applications, particularly for cardiovascular disease m...

(This article belongs to the Section Artificial Intelligence and Digital Systems Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
606 Views
21 Pages

17 March 2026

Against the backdrop of China’s dual-carbon goals and the global green transition, low-carbon production in the manufacturing sector is crucial to achieving high-quality development. Based on the dual mechanisms of the free-riding effect and te...

(This article belongs to the Section Complex Systems and Cybernetics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,529 Views
18 Pages

16 March 2026

Open-ended, team-based problem solving demands (i) a bridge between stochastic language models and symbolic control, (ii) mechanisms for idea elaboration, (iii) feature-level concept combination, and (iv) internal representations that support underst...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human-AI (H-AI) Teams: Designing for Human-AI Interactions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,358 Views
38 Pages

A Formal Modeling Framework for Time-Aware Cyber–Physical Systems of Systems

  • Riad Helal,
  • Faiza Belala,
  • Nabil Hameurlain and
  • Akram Seghiri

16 March 2026

Cyber–Physical Systems of Systems (CPSoS) integrate autonomous constituent systems to accomplish complex missions. Nonetheless, decentralized coordination and continuous evolution create intricate dependencies that make behavior difficult to an...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,338 Views
27 Pages

16 March 2026

Systems thinking is a core competence in logistics management, as decisions across transportation, warehousing, and delivery functions are highly interconnected and often generate delayed, trade-off, or system-wide consequences. Despite the increasin...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,530 Views
19 Pages

Examining the Relationship Between Organizational Ambidexterity and Firm Performance in New Technology-Based Firms

  • Julio César Acosta-Prado,
  • Elías Aburto-Camacllanqui,
  • José Ever Castellanos Narciso and
  • Ricardo Mora Pabón

16 March 2026

Organizational ambidexterity is an essential topic in management research. A growing number of studies argue that organizational ambidexterity is increasingly critical to the sustained competitive advantage of firms. However, there is less research o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systems Approaches in Knowledge Management and Organizational Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,013 Views
27 Pages

16 March 2026

This study proposes a theoretical–empirical framework for analyzing political regimes based on a structural analogy between electoral behavior and spin-glass systems in statistical physics. Society is modeled as a system of interacting agents (...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
663 Views
24 Pages

16 March 2026

In the design of Infantry Squad Weapon Equipment System-of-Systems (ISWES), traditional text-based systems engineering primarily relies on empirical methods derived from historical designs. This approach suffers from low design efficiency, protracted...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,567 Views
36 Pages

15 March 2026

This research addresses a structural cybernetic anomaly within strategic management precipitated by the integration of artificial intelligence into the organizational core. Traditional paradigms, specifically the resource-based view and the dynamic c...

(This article belongs to the Section Complex Systems and Cybernetics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
973 Views
20 Pages

15 March 2026

In high-density expressway environments, lane-changing (LC) maneuvers act as stochastic perturbations that compromise the hydrodynamic stability of traffic flow, leading to safety hazards and operational delays. While existing literature has extensiv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
819 Views
26 Pages

15 March 2026

Achieving simultaneous control over total carbon emissions and intensity is essential for China’s dual carbon goals. Using panel data from 1235 listed manufacturing firms (2015–2022), we construct a composite index to measure dual carbon...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,131 Views
25 Pages

Analysis of the Impact of Heterogeneous Platoon for Mixed Traffic Flow: Stability and Safety

  • Dan Tu,
  • Yunxia Wu,
  • Le Li,
  • Yangsheng Jiang,
  • Yi Wang and
  • Zhihong Yao

13 March 2026

To investigate the impact mechanism of different platoon control strategies on mixed traffic flow, this paper evaluates the overall performance of different heterogeneous platoon control strategies in smoothing small traffic disturbances and improvin...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI-Driven Transportation Systems: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Mobility)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,356 Views
25 Pages

13 March 2026

In response to escalating global volatility, organizations are prioritizing the adoption of Digital Industry 4.0 Technologies (DI4Ts) to improve efficiency and enhance decision-making capabilities. Refining Organizational Adaptation Theory (OAT), thi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies in Supply Chain Management: Enhancing Traceability, Efficiency, Resilience, and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,301 Views
26 Pages

Identification of Physical Boundary Conditions for Mechatronic Test-Case Generation Using Large Language Models and MBSE System Models

  • Matthias May,
  • Georg Jacobs,
  • Simon Dehn,
  • Gregor Höpfner,
  • Thilo Zerwas,
  • Kathrin Boelsen and
  • Sebastian Hacker

12 March 2026

Future cyber-physical systems (CPSs), integrating subsystems of the mechanical, electrical and software domains, are becoming increasingly interconnected and complex. As complexity grows, testing effort increases as well. This includes the test-case...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital and Data-Driven Systems Engineering: Bridging Theory and Practice)
  • Article
  • Open Access
972 Views
26 Pages

12 March 2026

Urban traffic networks are highly vulnerable to external disturbances such as heavy rainfall, which can induce capacity degradation, non-periodic congestion, and delayed system recovery. To address the limitations of existing perimeter control strate...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,346 Views
22 Pages

12 March 2026

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a strategic resource for enhancing supply chain resilience in environments characterized by growing uncertainty and complexity. Building on the resource-based view (RBV) and organizational information processin...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Strategies for Sustainable and Resilient Supply Chain Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,291 Views
18 Pages

12 March 2026

In the digital economy, the effective use of artificial intelligence (AI) is crucial for maintaining supply chain stability (SCS) in sports enterprises (SEs). Leveraging systems theory and supply chain management theory, we construct a dual machine l...

(This article belongs to the Topic Digital Technologies in Supply Chain Risk Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
900 Views
25 Pages

12 March 2026

The deep integration of the digital and real economies is a critical force reshaping the global economic landscape. At the same time, new high-quality productive forces that are distinguished by their high level of efficiency, quality, and technology...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Business Models and Digital Transformation)
  • Commentary
  • Open Access
745 Views
10 Pages

11 March 2026

The global market for production organizations is becoming increasingly dynamic and complex. To address this development, production organizations develop strategies to become smarter in their operations, aiming at more flexibility and just-in-time m...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,005 Views
26 Pages

11 March 2026

As industrial internet platforms increasingly play a central role in the digital transformation of manufacturing, they have become crucial areas for manufacturing enterprises to pursue digital innovation. Current academic research has paid relatively...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,998 Views
40 Pages

10 March 2026

For logistics facilities at the county level, workforce scheduling is a basic operational concern. Although these facilities are developing rapidly, they still mostly rely on human and semi-automated work. Significant differences in employee producti...

(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainability Efforts and Importance of Change Management, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
1,460 Views
31 Pages

10 March 2026

Smart city decision systems must balance conflicting objectives including efficiency, sustainability, equity, safety, and public accountability. Existing AI and reinforcement learning approaches often optimize isolated objectives and rarely provide i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence and Data-Driven Analytics in Smart City Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
673 Views
27 Pages

10 March 2026

Understanding the spatial mismatch between population distribution and economic activities is central to regional development, particularly in large river basins experiencing rapid demographic change. Existing studies often rely on slow-moving struct...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems Practice in Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,166 Views
23 Pages

A Novel Portfolio Selection Method via Deep Reinforcement Learning

  • Ni Gao,
  • Yan Liu,
  • Yiyue He,
  • Juan Zhang and
  • Lefang Zhang

9 March 2026

Portfolio selection is a fundamental task in quantitative finance that aims to allocate capital across assets to balance risk and return. While deep learning has shown great promise in this field, extracting reliable feature representations from non-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,421 Views
22 Pages

9 March 2026

Based on 2011–2022 panel data covering 278 Chinese cities, a panel fixed-effects model, a mediating effect model, and a threshold regression model are used to conduct an empirical analysis of the influence of the digital economy (DE) on urban c...

(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainable Development and Coordinated Governance of Urban and Rural Areas Under the Guidance of Ecological Wisdom—2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
798 Views
45 Pages

9 March 2026

Global, industrialization-driven environmental bottlenecks push manufacturing enterprises toward green transitions; yet, the information asymmetry between central and local governments, and between enterprises and banks, hinders this process. Adoptin...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Strategies and Organizational Transitions for Green Economy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,048 Views
29 Pages

9 March 2026

The digital nomad economy—the ecosystem in which professional skills are traded through online platforms independent of geographic co-location—dynamically recombines skills into project-based portfolios with absent firm-level hierarchy. Y...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Transformation of Business Ecosystems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,693 Views
36 Pages

9 March 2026

Reliable internal communication and information systems (CISs) constitute a foundational yet often under-examined layer of contemporary digital government and organizational resilience. While existing research has predominantly focused on citizen-fac...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,068 Views
25 Pages

9 March 2026

High-quality datasets are increasingly recognized as foundational inputs to economic development, industrial upgrading, and public governance. A rigorous evaluation system for data asset quality is therefore needed to improve data governance and to e...

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Systems - ISSN 2079-8954