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Volume 16
Issue 8
10.3390/agriculture16080858
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Article

Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Winter Wheat Seedlings in Henan Province and Screening of Identification Indicators

by
Cheng Yang
1,2,3,†,
Cheng Tian
1,2,†,
Liting Wu
1,2,
Hang Song
3,
Haifang Pang
3,
Xiangdong Li
1,2,3,*,
Hongjian Cheng
3,
Baoting Fang
3,
Simeng Du
3 and
Fang Wei
2
1
Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Postgraduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
2
School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
3
Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450053, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Agriculture 2026, 16(8), 858; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16080858
Submission received: 11 March 2026 / Revised: 2 April 2026 / Accepted: 9 April 2026 / Published: 13 April 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Crop Production)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Henan Province, the foremost wheat-producing region in China, frequently experiences drought stress during the wheat seedling stage. Innovating the evaluation methods for drought resistance at this stage and identifying drought-resistant varieties are crucial for the effective utilization of germplasm. This study utilized 55 wheat varieties that have been bred and promoted in Henan Province in recent years as experimental materials. A 15% PEG-6000 solution was employed to simulate drought stress, and the primary morphological indicators of seedlings, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and various chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were assessed. The comprehensive drought resistance scores (D values) for each variety were determined by calculating the drought resistance coefficients for each index, employing principal component analysis, and conducting membership function analysis. Based on the cluster analysis of D values, 55 varieties were categorized into four groups: high drought resistance (10), medium drought resistance (28), low drought resistance (16), and drought-sensitive (1). Seven indicators—SPAD, fresh root weight, seedling height, fresh weight of the aboveground part, Fv/Fm, PItotal, and Mo—were selected as evaluation metrics for the drought resistance of wheat through stepwise regression analysis. The comprehensive evaluation system developed in this study, which is based on morphological and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics, can swiftly and accurately assess the drought resistance of wheat seedlings. The key indicators identified for highly drought-resistant varieties may serve as valuable references for drought-resistant wheat breeding in Henan Province.
Keywords: chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; membership function analysis; drought stress; winter wheat; seedling stage chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; membership function analysis; drought stress; winter wheat; seedling stage

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, C.; Tian, C.; Wu, L.; Song, H.; Pang, H.; Li, X.; Cheng, H.; Fang, B.; Du, S.; Wei, F. Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Winter Wheat Seedlings in Henan Province and Screening of Identification Indicators. Agriculture 2026, 16, 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16080858

AMA Style

Yang C, Tian C, Wu L, Song H, Pang H, Li X, Cheng H, Fang B, Du S, Wei F. Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Winter Wheat Seedlings in Henan Province and Screening of Identification Indicators. Agriculture. 2026; 16(8):858. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16080858

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Cheng, Cheng Tian, Liting Wu, Hang Song, Haifang Pang, Xiangdong Li, Hongjian Cheng, Baoting Fang, Simeng Du, and Fang Wei. 2026. "Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Winter Wheat Seedlings in Henan Province and Screening of Identification Indicators" Agriculture 16, no. 8: 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16080858

APA Style

Yang, C., Tian, C., Wu, L., Song, H., Pang, H., Li, X., Cheng, H., Fang, B., Du, S., & Wei, F. (2026). Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Winter Wheat Seedlings in Henan Province and Screening of Identification Indicators. Agriculture, 16(8), 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture16080858

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