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Brain Sciences, Volume 13, Issue 6

June 2023 - 135 articles

Cover Story: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a neurodevelopmental condition whose detection in young females still remains challenging. We applied an experimental protocol based on Functional Infra-Red Spectroscopy (fNIRS) set-up to a group of young autistic females and age-matched typical peers. All children wore the fNIRS cap while watching an animated cartoon with radial checkerboard blending to measure visual hemodynamic evoked responses (vHDR). vHDR amplitude was significantly lower in autistic subjects, and brain lateralization of HDR was negatively correlated with symptom severity. These results corroborate the importance of sensory symptoms in ASD, paving the way for the validation of an fNIRS analytical tool for diagnosis and treatment outcome monitoring. View this paper
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Articles (135)

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,041 Views
21 Pages

Despite the importance of representing different magnitudes (i.e., number and cumulative area) for action planning and formal mathematics, there is much debate about the nature of these representations, particularly the extent to which magnitudes int...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,110 Views
25 Pages

The acquisition of a second language requires the construction or reconstruction of linguistic knowledge about the new language system. Learners of a second language have to acquire the linguistic structures of the second language by constructing or...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,108 Views
10 Pages

Heat-Killed L. helveticus Enhances Positive Mood States: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

  • Natsumi Mutoh,
  • Izumi Kakiuchi,
  • Kumiko Kato,
  • Chendong Xu,
  • Noriyuki Iwabuchi,
  • Masayo Ayukawa,
  • Kyoko Kiyosawa,
  • Kazumi Igarashi,
  • Miyuki Tanaka and
  • Masahiko Nakamura
  • + 1 author

When mood states are impaired, daily life is severely disrupted. To maintain a specific mood state, both positive and negative moods must be controlled; however, methods to maintain a positive mood have not been fully established. Previous studies ha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,865 Views
14 Pages

Exploring the Potential Role of ADAM 17 and ADAM 22 in the Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders

  • Sarah H. Al-Mazidi,
  • Afaf El-Ansary,
  • Amani Abualnaja,
  • Abdullah AlZarroug,
  • Turki Alharbi and
  • Laila Y. Al-Ayadhi

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a group of disorders characterized by difficulties with social interaction and repetitive behavior. The condition is supposed to originate from early shifts in brain development, while the underl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,490 Views
14 Pages

Protective Effect of Galantamine against Doxorubicin-Induced Neurotoxicity

  • Rawan S. Alsikhan,
  • Maha A. Aldubayan,
  • Ibtesam S. Almami and
  • Ahmad H. Alhowail

Background and aims: Doxorubicin (DOX) causes cognitive impairment (chemobrain) in patients with cancer. While DOX damages the cholinergic system, few studies have focused on the protective effects of cholinergic function on chemobrain. The acetylcho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,969 Views
13 Pages

Deficient Audiovisual Speech Perception in Schizophrenia: An ERP Study

  • Erfan Ghaneirad,
  • Ellyn Saenger,
  • Gregor R. Szycik,
  • Anja Čuš,
  • Laura Möde,
  • Christopher Sinke,
  • Daniel Wiswede,
  • Stefan Bleich and
  • Anna Borgolte

In everyday verbal communication, auditory speech perception is often disturbed by background noise. Especially in disadvantageous hearing conditions, additional visual articulatory information (e.g., lip movement) can positively contribute to speech...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,791 Views
13 Pages

Evaluation of Subtle Auditory Impairments with Multiple Audiological Assessments in Normal Hearing Workers Exposed to Occupational Noise

  • Alessandra Giannella Samelli,
  • Clayton Henrique Rocha,
  • Mariana Keiko Kamita,
  • Maria Elisa Pereira Lopes,
  • Camila Quintiliano Andrade and
  • Carla Gentile Matas

Recent studies involving guinea pigs have shown that noise can damage the synapses between the inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, even with normal hearing thresholds—which makes it important to investigate this kind of impairment in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,431 Views
15 Pages

During rubber hand illusion (RHI), participants feel that a rubber (fake) hand is their own (i.e., embodiment of the rubber hand) if the unseen real hand and seen rubber hand are stroked synchronously (i.e., visuo-tactile stimuli). The RHI is also ev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,697 Views
15 Pages

Tools for the Assessment of Risk-Taking Behavior in Older Adults with Mild Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study

  • Charline Compagne,
  • Damien Gabriel,
  • Lénaïc Ferrero,
  • Eloi Magnin and
  • Thomas Tannou

Diseases such as Alzheimer’s cause an alteration of cognitive functions, which can lead to increased daily risk-taking in older adults living at home. The assessment of decision-making abilities is primarily based on clinicians’ global an...

  • Opinion
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,043 Views
7 Pages

Perspectives and Implications of Coanda Effect in Aneurysms

  • Vicentiu-Mircea Saceleanu,
  • Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc,
  • Luca-Andrei Glavan,
  • Antonio-Daniel Corlatescu and
  • Alexandru Vlad Ciurea

It is yet unknown how the formation of an aneurysm inside the human body occurs. Thus, understanding and analyzing the Coanda effect will result in a better overview of the overall fluid mechanics that develop inside such a structure, leading not onl...

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Brain Sci. - ISSN 2076-3425