Retrospective Analysis of Full-Arch Zirconia Rehabilitations on Dental Implants: Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Zirconia–titanium hybrid ISFCDPs: a monolithic zirconia prosthesis (Katana YML 1050 MPa, Kuraray Noritake, Tokyo, Japan) is glued on a titanium framework and acts as the esthetic and functional portion of the prosthesis, while a titanium framework provides elasticity and force dissipation to the system. The prosthesis is usually screwed directly on the implants or on Multi-Unit Abutments (MUAs), depending on the implant orientation.
- Progressive monolithic zirconia ISFCDPs: a monolithic zirconia prosthesis (Katana HTML 1200 MPa, Kuraray Noritake) is glued on dedicated components and screwed directly on the implants, without the use of a titanium framework. The progressive nature of zirconia is provided by layers with a different yttria molarity, with the more esthetic zirconia on the external section of the prosthesis and stronger zirconia at the core.
- Zirconia-on-zirconia (Zirc-on-Zirc) ISFCDPs are produced with a protocol in which a high-strength and opaque zirconia framework (Katana HTML 1200 Mpa, Kuraray Noritake) is glued on dedicated components to screw it directly on the implants, while highly esthetic zirconia crowns (Katana STML 750 MPa, Kuraray Noritake) are cemented on the zirconia framework using a fluid ceramic fused at high temperatures.
2. Materials and Methods
- Patients treated with a zirconia ISFCDP.
- Patients following a periodontal maintenance program with at least one recall visit per year.
- Minimum follow-up of 1 year after prosthetic delivery.
- Patient treated with implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis.
- Patients with uncontrolled systemic diseases, were under treatment with medication that could interfere with bone metabolism, or who received radiation treatment in neck or head area.
- Patients not following a periodontal maintenance program.
- Patients affected by untreated periodontal disease.
- Heavy smokers (>10 cigarettes per day).
- Buccal soft tissue dehiscence: presence of implant threads clinically visible.
- Implant threads exposure: exposure of implant threads, both in presence of a buccal soft tissue dehiscence or covered by soft tissue (presence of a dark shade under the soft tissue in a position corresponding to an implant).
- Chipping of the esthetic part of the ISCFPDs: presence and position of one or more partial fractures of the pink ceramic.
- Past or present fracture of the framework or functional structure: full framework fracture, cracks or fractures related to the functional part of the ISFCDPs, requiring in-lab repairment.
- Past or present unscrewing of the ISCFPD: requirement of screw tightening during one of the follow-up visits.
- Pocket probing depth (PPD) at implant level: probing was performed using a 15 mm UNC-15 probe (Hu-Friedy) on six sites around each implant (two vestibular, two lingual/palatal and two interproximal, one mesial and one distal). A probing depth of more than 6 mm was considered a sign of peri-implantitis.
- Bleeding on probing at implant level: present in case of bleeding after gentle probing in a nearby site. The presence of bleeding on probing was considered a sign of peri-implantitis.
- Purulent discharge: present in case of purulent discharge appearing after probing, which is considered a sign of peri-implantitis.
- Local signs of inflammation: present in case of clear signs of swelling, redness, pain on probing or spontaneous pain corresponding to an implant; all considered signs of peri-implantitis.
- Statistical methods and sample size
3. Results
4. Discussion
- Zirconia–titanium hybrid ISFCDPs (Figure 1)
- Progressive (or multi-layer) Zirconia ISFCDPs (Figure 2)
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Sample Characteristics | Number |
---|---|
Number of Patients | 14 |
Males | 5 |
Females | 9 |
Mean Age | 64 |
Number of ISFCDPs | 14 |
Maxillary ISFCDPs | 10 |
Mandibular ISFCDPs | 4 |
Maxillary Zirc-on-Zirc ISFCDPs | 3 |
Mandibular Zirc-on-Zirc ISFCDPs | 2 |
Maxillary Progressive Monolithic Zirconia ISFCDPs | 3 |
Mandibular Progressive Monolithic Zirconia ISFCDPs | 0 |
Maxillary Zirconia-on-Titanium ISFCDPs | 4 |
Mandibular Zirconia-on-Titanium ISFCDPs | 2 |
Number of Implants | 86 |
Mean Follow-up Time (Months) | 36 |
Complications | Number (%) |
---|---|
Implants showing purulent discharge | 3 (3.49%) |
Sites with PPD > 3 mm but <5 mm | 15 (2.7%) |
Sites with swelling and redness | 2 (0.3%) |
Sites with bleeding on probing (BoP) | 26 (4.7%) |
Chipping | 1 (pink gingiva) (7.1%) |
Patients with at least one implant spire exposure. | 6 (42.86%) |
Complications | Zirc-on-Zirc ISFCDPs | Progressive Zirconia ISFCDPs | Zirconia-on-Titanium ISFCDPs |
---|---|---|---|
Presence of purulent discharge (over total n° of ISFCDPs) | 1/5 | 0/3 | 0/6 |
Presence of sites with PPD >3 mm but <5 mm (over total n° of ISFCDPs) | 2/5 | 2/3 | 0/6 |
Presence of sites with swelling and redness (over total n° of ISFCDPs) | 2/5 | 2/3 | 0/6 |
Sites with bleeding on probing (over total n° of ISFCDPs) | 2/5 | 2/3 | 0/6 |
Chipping (over total n° of ISFCDPs) | 1/5 | 0/3 | 0/3 |
Presence of at least one implant spire exposure (over total n° of ISFCDPs) | 2/5 | 2/3 | 2/6 |
Satisfaction | Percentage |
---|---|
Completely satisfied | 78.57% |
Very satisfied | 14.53% |
Satisfied | 7.14% |
Not satisfied | 0% |
Would recommend treatment with ISFCDPs | 100% |
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Marchio, V.; Cinquini, C.; Alfonsi, F.; Romeggio, S.; Stoppaccioli, M.; Zingari, F.; Priami, M.; Barone, A. Retrospective Analysis of Full-Arch Zirconia Rehabilitations on Dental Implants: Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010416
Marchio V, Cinquini C, Alfonsi F, Romeggio S, Stoppaccioli M, Zingari F, Priami M, Barone A. Retrospective Analysis of Full-Arch Zirconia Rehabilitations on Dental Implants: Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(1):416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010416
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarchio, Vincenzo, Chiara Cinquini, Fortunato Alfonsi, Stefano Romeggio, Marco Stoppaccioli, Francesco Zingari, Mattia Priami, and Antonio Barone. 2025. "Retrospective Analysis of Full-Arch Zirconia Rehabilitations on Dental Implants: Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction" Applied Sciences 15, no. 1: 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010416
APA StyleMarchio, V., Cinquini, C., Alfonsi, F., Romeggio, S., Stoppaccioli, M., Zingari, F., Priami, M., & Barone, A. (2025). Retrospective Analysis of Full-Arch Zirconia Rehabilitations on Dental Implants: Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction. Applied Sciences, 15(1), 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010416