Medical Sciences, Volume 13, Issue 4

Background: Intestinal angioedema is an important drug-induced adverse effect that is often misdiagnosed due to vague and nonspecific symptoms. This study aimed to identify drugs with potential to cause intestinal angioedema by performing a dispropor...

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) commonly coexists with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but their independent contributions to redox imbalance, inflammation and immune signaling remain uncertain. Objectives: This st...

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key inflammatory cytokine implicated in atherosclerotic plaque progression and carotid vulnerability. Although elevated IL-6 levels have been linked to cerebrovascular risk, its prognostic value in patients under...

Background/Objectives: Serum calcium concentrations have been associated with bone mineral density (BMD), but results seem to depend on sex. Genetic variants in the Ryanodine Receptor1 (RYR1) gene have been previously associated with low BMD in postm...

Background/Objectives: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and may negatively affect muscle strength through vascular and metabolic mechanisms. Nevertheless, reference values for respiratory muscle strength (RMS)...

Background: Periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) has been shown to play a significant role in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. This relationship is further exacerbated by obesity, as PPAT-secreted factors increase PCa aggressiveness...

Background: Chronic pain is a prevalent and disabling condition, affecting 20–30% of the global population, which requires multidisciplinary approaches integrating non-pharmacological therapies and promoting patient engagement in self-managemen...

Children with Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) are born without height and weight abnormalities, and postnatal development is delayed from two months of age. The pathophysiological manifestations of HGPS can be categorized into the t...

Background: Guidelines suggest that a single lifetime measurement of lipoproteina(a) [Lp(a)] is sufficient for most patients as its levels are largely genetically determined and do not significantly change over time. The aim of the study was to asses...

Background/Objectives: The safety of intraperitoneal mesh placement in contaminated fields remains controversial because of the increased risk of inflammation and adhesion formation. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) has antioxidant, pro-fibrinolytic and ant...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping robotic rehabilitation and shifting practice beyond pre-programmed repetitive movement patterns toward data-driven and personalised therapeutic interventions for people with neurological and musculoskeletal i...

Objectives: This observational and cross-sectional study investigated differential associations between entero-invasive and non-entero-invasive enteric pathogens and HIV infection, considering socioeconomic, clinical and immunological aspects. In a G...

Background: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed clinical and toxicity outcomes of 67 prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) after prostatectomy, with adjuvant or salvage intent. Methods: Irradia...

Background. Routine lymphocyte counting requires quality assurance validation using quality controls (QCs) that closely resemble fresh human blood leukocytes. This study aimed to evaluate a novel artificial product designed to mimic leukocyte light s...

Background: Chronic heart failure (HF) is a significant public health issue. The principal risk factors for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) include older age, female sex, obesity, hypertension, smoking, and diabetes, among others, all o...

Background: Interpretation of cognitive performance in older patients with depression is challenging considering the association between late-life depression and (early-stage) neurodegenerative disease. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is wid...

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a spectrum of neonatal hip abnormalities that, if not detected and treated early, may lead to long-term orthopedic sequelae. Universal ultrasound screening using Graf’s method has...

PANoptosis is an integrated form of regulated cell death that combines pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis through a coordinated molecular platform known as the PANoptosome. Autophagy, in parallel, maintains immune homeostasis by controlling cellu...

Background: The roles of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC) have been proposed, yet their clinical significance with respect to conduction disturbances and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remains uncl...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss and widespread α-synuclein pathology. Nuclear medicine imaging offers essential in vivo tools for early diagnosis, different...

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic limited access to in-person physiotherapy, raising concerns about post-operative rehabilitation outcomes. This prospective observational study, without a control group, evaluated whether a self-rehabilitat...

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are associated with altered masticatory muscle function and pain. Although electromyographic parameters have been extensively studied, the rate of force development (RFD) remains an underexplored biomark...

Introduction: The incidence of NSCLC increases with age, with a median of approximately 70 years at diagnosis. Historically, treatment strategies for locally advanced cancers have been developed predominantly in younger populations, often excluding e...

Background/Objectives: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), the gold standard for assessing bone mineral density (BMD), may yield inaccurate results in certain populations. This has prompted interest in alternative imaging methods, including the...

Background: The relationship between glycaemia and the variables of haematocrit, serum total protein and lipids possibly plays a role in pathological processes and hence is a subject of interest. Estimated blood viscosity causes impaired blood flow a...

A multifaceted clinical disease, heart failure (HF) is typified by decreased cardiac function and systemic symptoms caused by anatomical or functional abnormalities in the heart. Although traditional studies have concentrated on hemodynamic and neuro...

Delirium is one of the most common yet most elusive syndromes in the ICU, marked by fluctuating disturbances in awareness and attention arising from complex, multifactorial pathophysiological processes. Despite decades of research and the identificat...

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) evolved from the most lethal to the most curable subtype of acute leukemia today, owing to targeted therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide. Despite cure rates exceeding 90% and the rarity o...

Background/Objectives: The quality of trial data reporting within the field of anesthesiology has, to date, been insufficiently examined. This study aims to investigate the consistency of reporting for WHO Data Set Items, trial outcomes, and adverse...

Background: Hepatitis C (HC) remains a major public health concern, affecting approximately 50 million people globally. In addition to hepatic damage, HC induces extrahepatic manifestations (EHMs), including oral conditions such as oral lichen planus...

Background: Acute mastoiditis is the most frequent suppurative complication of acute otitis media in children. AM can lead to both extracranial complications and intracranial complications. Recent studies suggest an increase in cases after the COVID-...

Objective: This analysis compares new (G2) versus old (G1) generations of transcatheter heart valves (THVs) in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedures, focusing on key outcomes: post-procedural conduction disturbance (CD) and permane...

Background: Primary cardiac tumors are exceedingly rare, with myxomas representing the most common benign type among these tumors, predominantly located in the left atrium. Biatrial involvement is an exceptional presentation, reported in less than 2....

This review aims to discuss the apparent reduction in pulmonary cancer incidence in the general population during and shortly after the COVID-19 pandemic from a biological and pathophysiological mechanistic point of view. While the epidemiological ev...

Chronic exposure to low concentrations of ozone leads to oxidative stress, which disrupts immune regulation. The thymus gland plays a crucial role in the maturation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, cells essential for the body’s defense an...

Background/Objectives: Although hypertension is linked to oxidative stress, it remains unclear whether this pro-oxidant state persists after achieving recommended blood pressure (BP) control. This pilot study aimed to explore the presence of residual...

Background/Objectives: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cardiovascular condition, with higher rates among hospitalized patients. The limited efficacy of universal prophylaxis strategies has led to individual VTE risk assessments...

Background and objectives: Pain neuroscience education (PNE) is a therapeutic strategy aimed at reconceptualizing pain in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). This systematic review with a meta-analysis (SRMA) aimed to assess the effectiveness...

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) often overlap and may amplify cardiovascular risk. Whether renal dysfunction should be incorporated into composite cardiovascular endpoints in AF remains uncertain. We aimed to qua...

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with a major impact on respiratory function, but also with possible underestimated effects on cognitive function. Although interest in cognitive impairment in chronic respirator...

Background and Objectives: Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease that can cause severe visual dysfunction and cosmetic impairment. Pure endoscopic orbital decompression reduces proptosis with minimal external morbidity. However, stu...

Background/Objectives: Accurate histopathological classification of lung and colon tissues remains difficult due to subtle morphological overlap between benign and malignant regions. Deep learning approaches have advanced diagnostic precision, yet mo...

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer is a leading cause of female mortality worldwide. Immune system dynamics, reflected in hematological ratios derived from leukocytes, have been increasingly recognized for their prognostic value in cancer patients....

Background: This study aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in muscle mass, quality, and composition (sarcopenia and myosteatosis) in adult people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) using artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted body composition analysis...

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of serum concentrations of the inflammatory marker osteopontin, the blood–brain barrier damage marker occludin, and the neurodegeneration marker neurofilament light chain (NFL)...

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, with substantial variability in susceptibility across populations. Data on VTE-associated genetic variants in Asian population...

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, presents a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe and fatal outcomes. Studies have shown that laboratory parameters fluctuate in...

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy, with various outcomes despite significant advances in therapeutic options. Current conventional prognostic tools, e.g., the International Prognostic Index (...

Objectives: This study examined the effectiveness of a physical activity (PA) promotion intervention administered by a sports scientist as part of team-based care in a primary care setting. Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted. Physic...

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of empirical antibiotic therapy in treating chronic endometritis (CE) associated with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), infertility, or intrauterine lesions. Methods: The prospective cohort study in...