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Pathogens, Volume 14, Issue 3

March 2025 - 95 articles

Cover Story: HIV infection cannot be cured due to latently infected cells carrying intact but inactive HIV DNA, making them indistinguishable from uninfected cells. Several strategies have been developed to cure HIV infection, including the reactivation of HIV in latently infected cells, resulting in recognition and death—the “shock and kill” approach. Various latency-reversing agents (LRAs) have been tested in clinical trials. Some were successful in reactivating HIV in vivo and induced detectable changes in the reservoir. Though the technique is not yet curative, these trials prove that latently infected cells can be targeted. In combination with the latest immunomodulatory drugs that aid in killing cells that replicate HIV, new strategies and novel LRAs may be developed in the near future to cure HIV infection. View this paper
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Articles (95)

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,129 Views
14 Pages

The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Gene Combinations of cagA, cagE, virB11, vacA, and babA on the Outcome of Gastric Disease in a Southern Moroccan Population

  • Mariama Barhoine,
  • Fatima Moustaoui,
  • Omayma Hammani,
  • Mohamed Aghrouch,
  • Zohra Lemkhente,
  • Zineb Belhabib,
  • Zineb Bajaddoub,
  • Anass Touyar,
  • Nourdin Aqoudad and
  • Bouchra Rherissi
  • + 4 authors

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) possess an arsenal of virulence genes that makes them the main etiological factor in gastric diseases. In this study, 120 southern Moroccan patients who were dyspeptic were profiled to investigate the potential associa...

  • Review
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,600 Views
15 Pages

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 has been traditionally linked to poultry and wild birds, which has recently become a serious concern for dairy cattle, causing outbreaks all over the United States. The need for improved surveillance, bio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,033 Views
20 Pages

Metronidazole Activation by a Deeply Entangled Dimeric Malic Enzyme in Entamoeba histolytica

  • Arindam Chakrabarty,
  • Debajyoti Dutta,
  • Mithu Baidya,
  • Anirudha Dutta,
  • Amit Kumar Das and
  • Sudip K. Ghosh

Metronidazole is the preferred drug for treating amoebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Its antiamoebic activity is primarily attributed to activation by various reductases. This study reports an alternative activation pathway in E. histolytica...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,533 Views
16 Pages

A 10-Year Study of Neonatal Sepsis from Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong

  • Pascoe Lee,
  • Eugene Sin,
  • Kam-Tong Yip and
  • Kenneth Ng

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of infant mortality, and it accounts for a significant consumption of antimicrobials in paediatrics. This is the first comprehensive study on neonatal sepsis in Hong Kong. Methods: From 2014 to 2023, all n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,634 Views
26 Pages

Insights into Functions of Universal Stress Proteins Encoded by Genomes of Gastric Cancer Pathogen Helicobacter pylori and Related Bacteria

  • Raphael D. Isokpehi,
  • Shaneka S. Simmons,
  • Angela U. Makolo,
  • Antoinesha L. Hollman,
  • Solayide A. Adesida,
  • Olabisi O. Ojo and
  • Amos O. Abioye

The genes that encode the universal stress protein (USP) family domain (pfam00582) aid the survival of bacteria in specific host or habitat-induced stress conditions. Genome sequencing revealed that the genome of Helicobacter pylori, a gastric cancer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,137 Views
19 Pages

Conformational and Stability Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Variants by Molecular Simulation

  • Gustavo E. Olivos-Ramirez,
  • Luis F. Cofas-Vargas,
  • Tobias Madl and
  • Adolfo B. Poma

We performed a comprehensive structural analysis of the conformational space of several spike (S) protein variants using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Specifically, we examined four well-known variants (Delta, BA.1, XBB.1.5, and JN.1) alongsid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,930 Views
13 Pages

Acid Tolerance of Coxiella burnetii Is Strain-Specific and Might Depend on Stomach Content

  • Katharina Sobotta,
  • Jan Schulze-Luehrmann,
  • Martha Ölke,
  • Katharina Boden and
  • Anja Lührmann

Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella (C.) burnetii. Human infections occur mainly via inhalation, but infections via the oral route have been observed. Gastric acidic conditions (pH 2–4) are the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,446 Views
20 Pages

Molecular Survey of Anaplasmataceae Agents, Rickettsia spp., Bartonella spp., and Piroplasmids in Ectoparasites from Cave-Dwelling Bats in Mainland Portugal

  • Gustavo Seron Sanches,
  • Luísa Rodrigues,
  • Estefania Torrejón,
  • Ricardo Bassini-Silva,
  • Ana Cláudia Calchi,
  • Daniel Antônio Braga Lee,
  • Paulo Vitor Cadina Arantes,
  • Eder Barbier,
  • Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti and
  • Gustavo Graciolli
  • + 4 authors

Bats and their ectoparasites play a crucial role in understanding the ecology and transmission of vector-borne pathogens, yet these dynamics remain poorly studied in Portugal. This study aimed to investigate the molecular occurrence of vector-borne b...

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
1,066 Views
12 Pages

Development of a Simple and Accurate Molecular Protocol Using 16SrRNA for Species-Specific Identification of Achromobacter spp.

  • Giulia Maria Saitta,
  • Laura Veschetti,
  • Rebecca Feletti,
  • Angela Sandri,
  • Marzia Boaretti,
  • Paola Melotti,
  • Maria Carelli,
  • Maria M. Lleò,
  • Giovanni Malerba and
  • Caterina Signoretto

The Achromobacter genus comprises 22 species and various genogroups. Some species with higher virulence or antibiotic resistance are more likely to cause chronic infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Current identification methods often fai...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,342 Views
13 Pages

The Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Bulgaria for the Period 2014–2023, with a Focus on Pregnant Women

  • Iskra Rainova,
  • Rumen Harizanov,
  • Mihaela Videnova,
  • Nina Tsvetkova,
  • Raina Borisova,
  • Eleonora Kaneva and
  • Yana Todorova

The specificity of the life cycle of T. gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, determines its relevance in some patient groups; especially in women of childbearing age. The objective of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of this parasi...

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Pathogens - ISSN 2076-0817