Diagnostics, Volume 13, Issue 7

Medical image analysis and classification is an important application of computer vision wherein disease prediction based on an input image is provided to assist healthcare professionals. There are many deep learning architectures that accept the dif...

Lymphoproliferative lung diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by primary or secondary involvement of the lung. Primary pulmonary lymphomas are the most common type, representing 0.5–1% of all primary malignancies of the...

Gastric cancer is the fifth type of neoplasia most frequently diagnosed and the fourth cause of death among other cancers. Prevalence is around two times higher for males than females. Chitotriosidase and neopterin are two molecular biomarkers with p...

Background: Noninvasive ventilation, mainly helmet CPAP, was widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic, even outside of intensive care units. Both the ROX index and the LUS score (LUSS) have been proposed as tools to predict negative outcomes in patie...

The analysis of left ventricular function is predominantly based on left ventricular volume assessment. Especially in valvular heart diseases, the quantitative assessment of total and effective stroke volumes as well as regurgitant volumes is necessa...

When deciding on a kidney tumor’s diagnosis and treatment, it is critical to take its morphometry into account. It is challenging to undertake a quantitative analysis of the association between kidney tumor morphology and clinical outcomes due...

Objectives: This study examined the prognostic value of the get-with-the-guidelines heart-failure risk score (GWTG-HF) on mortality in patients with low-flow–low-gradient aortic valve stenosis (LFLG-AS) after transcatheter aortic valve implanta...

Contrast arteriography (CA) is considered the gold standard to evaluate any phase in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) interventions, from diagnostics to final results. Nevertheless, duplex ultrasonography (DUS) mostly used for the pre/postoperative...

Quick and reliable mass testing of infected people is an effective tool for the contingency of SARS-CoV-2. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Point-of-Care (POC) tests using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) arose as a useful diagnostic tool....

(1) Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of treatment with prednisone on nasal and systemic periostin and eotaxin expression, IgE in plasma and eosinophils in tissue. (2) Methods: We compared the values of nasal and systemic periostin, eotaxin,...

Cancer is a problematic global health issue with an extremely high fatality rate throughout the world. The application of various machine learning techniques that have appeared in the field of cancer diagnosis in recent years has provided meaningful...

We present an interesting image of a testicular metastasis from prostate cancer revealed by [⁸⁹Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 PET/CT imaging in a 70-year-old man with biochemical recurrence and negative conventional [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT imaging. This case should...

(i) Objective: Changes in the mesiodistal axial angulations of teeth with orthodontic treatment have been a topic of interest in orthodontics for many years, although it has not been clarified enough yet. Therefore, this present study aimed to compar...

Dipeptidyl amino-peptidase 3 (DPP3) is an aminopeptidase that is released into circulation upon cell death. DPP3 is involved in the degradation of angiotensins, enkephalines, and endomorphines. It has been shown that circulating DPP3 (cDPP3) plasma c...

Background: Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the orthopoxvirus genus in the family Poxviridae. Distinct clades are identified: the clade I belonging to the Central African (or Congo Basin) clade and the subclades IIa...

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the central nervous system’s most common autosomal dominant conditions. The diagnosis is based on the clinical diagnostic criteria and/or a molecularly confirmed mutation in the NF1 gene. This study inve...

In the transition from the operative to the conservative approach for the polytraumatized patients who undergo blunt trauma, diagnostic imaging has assumed a pivotal role, currently offering various opportunities, particularly in the follow-up of the...

(1) Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy could determine important maternal and fetal complications. We aimed to prospectively assess placental immunohistochemical changes, immunophenotyping alterations, and pregnancy outcomes in a cohor...

Complete aortic occlusion is a rare pathology with various possible etiologies. According to current data, it is most frequently caused by atherosclerosis. However, thrombosis or vasculitis could also be involved. We present the case of a 42-year-old...

(1) Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most important respiratory diseases. It is characterised by a progressive course with individual differences in clinical presentation and prognosis. The use of multidimensiona...

Echinococcosis is considered a neglected disease in most European countries. However, migratory flows of populations, long-term stays in endemic areas, uninterrupted tourism (travel to Echinococcus-endemic countries), traveling dogs and dog transloca...

Potassium overdose usually occurs accidentally, but potassium is also used for judicial executions, assisted death, and, rarely, suicides. In addition to exogenous overdose, various drugs, and renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis can cause hyperkalem...

Psoriatic arthritis is a significant medical condition with a high prevalence, a wide variety of non-specific symptoms, and a high degree of overlap with other spondylarthritis disorders, particularly ankylosing spondylitis. Hence, knowledge of the m...

Our study aimed to evaluate the association between gastric cancer (GC) and higher concentrations of the metabolites L-carnitine, γ-butyrobetaine (GBB) and gut microbiota-mediated trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the circulation. There is evide...

Background: Benign nephrectomy to treat patients with renal inflammatory disease in cases of severe urinary infection represents a diagnostic and management challenge because of significant inflammatory, fibrotic, and infectious components. Among ren...

COVID-19 forced us to investigate risk factors to provide the best medical attention, especially in vulnerable groups, such as pregnant patients. Studies in other populations have analyzed blood groups in relation to infection, complications, and dea...

Steatohepatitic hepatocellular carcinoma (SH-HCC) is a distinctive histologic variant of HCC for the presence of steatohepatitis. This study intended to evaluate the contrast-enhanced imaging features and clinicopathological characteristics of 26 SH-...

Long COVID-19-related changes in physiology includes alterations in performing muscle work as fatigue. Data available do not allow us to define the usefulness of physical activity to attenuate long COVID-19 functional modifications. The present obser...

The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed enormous challenges to the global public health system. To deal with the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, the more accurate and convenient diagnosis of patients needs to be developed. This pa...

This study aimed to assess the qualitative changes in the saliva during the process of primary teeth eruption. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 147 children from 2 to 48 months, of which 49 were in group A (no erupted primary teeth), 53 we...

A 63-year-old man presenting with peripheral neuropathies was diagnosed of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, and Bing–Neel syndrome was subsequently confirmed via cerebrospinal fluid examinations. Besides involvement in bone marrow, l...

Background: Hemodynamically significant unprotected left main (LM) coronary artery disease is a high-risk clinical condition because of the large area of myocardium at risk, and it requires prompt revascularization. Percutaneous coronary intervention...

In patients with mandibular asymmetry, the volume of the mandible divided by the mandibular median plane is significantly larger on the non-deviated (N-Dev) side than on the deviated (Dev) side. However, it has been reported that there is no signific...

Background: Ulnar nerve entrapment is one of the most common entrapment neuropathies, usually occurring in the cubital tunnel of the elbow and in Guyon’s canal of the wrist. However, it can also occur at other anatomical locations. Purpose: Our...

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by dysregulated growth and the proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow caused by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. Clinically, CML demonstrates an increased production of...

Background: The typical imaging findings of hairy polyps have been described mostly in case reports. This study was conducted to describe the CT and MRI features of hairy polyps and their common associated abnormalities. Methods: Medical records of 1...

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the aorta and the iliofemoral arteries is crucial for preprocedural planning of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), because it provides details on a var...

The diagnosis of PE remains difficult in 2023 because the signs and symptoms are not sensible nor specific. The consequences of potential diagnostic errors can be dramatic, whether by default or by excess. Furthermore, the achievement of a simple dia...

A comparison was made between the image quality of a photon-counting CT (PCCT) and a dual-source CT (DSCT). The evaluation of image quality was performed using a Catphan CT phantom, and the physical metrics, such as the noise power spectrum and task...

Purpose: Since the prompt recognition of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and the immediate initiation of treatment can significantly reduce the risk of death, we developed a deep learning (DL)-based application aimed to automatically detect PEs on ches...

A 17-year-old female presented to the emergency room with an arrow sticking out the right aspect of her neck. Her vital signs were stable with systolic blood pressure of 117 mmHg, without either tachycardia, dyspnea, or signs of active bleeding. She...

Despite the introduction of drug-eluting stents (DES) significantly improved the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), particularly in a high-risk group of patients, the gap between PCI with his competitor’s coronary...

The introduction of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in orthodontics has added a new tool to diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this prospective clinical trial was to investigate the changes in the dimensions of the naso-maxillary compl...

Brain tumor diagnosis at an early stage can improve the chances of successful treatment and better patient outcomes. In the biomedical industry, non-invasive diagnostic procedures, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can be used to diagnose bra...

Acute lower respiratory infection is a leading cause of death in developing countries. Hence, progress has been made for early detection and treatment. There is still a need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, particularly in resource...

Nowadays, in the case of suspected prostate cancer (PCa), tissue needle biopsy remains the benchmark for diagnosis despite its invasiveness and poor tolerability, as serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is limited by low specificity. The aim of this...

The aim of this review is to identify a preventive strategy in order to minimize the risk of adverse events in patients with coronary syndromes and acute exposure to high-altitude. For this purpose we searched the electronic database of PubMed, EMBAS...

The myocardial infarction (MI) types 4a and 5 guidelines recommend cardiac troponin (cTn) diagnostic decision limits of 5 and 10 times the 99th percentile, respectively. Different cTn kits elicit different responses, so the MI diagnosis is still chal...

Supervised machine learning classification is the most common example of artificial intelligence (AI) in industry and in academic research. These technologies predict whether a series of measurements belong to one of multiple groups of examples on wh...

Melanoma is one of the deadliest types of skin cancer that leads to death if not diagnosed early. Many skin lesions are similar in the early stages, which causes an inaccurate diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis of the types of skin lesions helps dermatolo...