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Toxins, Volume 15, Issue 1

January 2023 - 80 articles

Cover Story: Mycotoxin contamination and pest infestation of foods and feeds represent a crucial threat for food safety and security worldwide, with remarkable implications for human and animal health. Ozone (O3) treatment and high nitrogen (N2) concentrations were tested in the post-harvest management of Cicer arietinum seeds to control the presence of mycotoxigenic fungi and their mycotoxins, as well as Callosobruchus maculatus infestation. At the end of the exposure, O3 significantly decreased the incidence of Penicillium spp. (−50% on average) and the mycotoxins content (−90% on average). High N2 concentrations remarkably reduced mycotoxins contamination (−94% on average) and induced pest mortality (100% after 5 days of exposure). These results confirm the promising potential of O3 and N2 as eco-friendly post-harvest conservation strategies. View this paper
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Articles (80)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,954 Views
10 Pages
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The Bi-Functional Paxilline Enriched in Skin Secretion of Tree Frogs (Hyla japonica) Targets the KCNK18 and BKCa Channels

  • Chuanling Yin,
  • Fanpeng Zeng,
  • Puyi Huang,
  • Zhengqi Shi,
  • Qianyi Yang,
  • Zhenduo Pei,
  • Xin Wang,
  • Longhui Chai,
  • Shipei Zhang and
  • Shilong Yang
  • + 3 authors
Toxins2023, 15(1), 70;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010070

12 January 2023

The skin secretion of tree frogs contains a vast array of bioactive chemicals for repelling predators, but their structural and functional diversity is not fully understood. Paxilline (PAX), a compound synthesized by Penicillium paxilli, has been kno...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,358 Views
12 Pages
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Origanum vulgare Essential Oil Modulates the AFB1-Induced Oxidative Damages, Nephropathy, and Altered Inflammatory Responses in Growing Rabbits

  • Mona A. Hassan,
  • Azza M. A. Abo-Elmaaty,
  • Asmaa W. Zaglool,
  • Sally A. M. Mohamed,
  • Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid,
  • Mayada R. Farag,
  • Mahmoud Alagawany,
  • Alessandro Di Cerbo,
  • Mahmoud M. Azzam and
  • Rashed Alhotan
  • + 1 author
Toxins2023, 15(1), 69;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010069

12 January 2023

The current study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) through the evaluation of kidney function tests and histopathological examination of renal tissues, targeting the therapeutic role of Marjoram (Origanum vulgare e...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,560 Views
14 Pages
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Solanum nigrum Fruit Extract Modulates Immune System Activity of Mealworm Beetle, Tenebrio molitor L.

  • Arkadiusz Urbański,
  • Natalia Konopińska,
  • Natalia Bylewska,
  • Radosław Gmyrek,
  • Marta Spochacz-Santoro,
  • Sabino Aurelio Bufo and
  • Zbigniew Adamski
Toxins2023, 15(1), 68;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010068

12 January 2023

Here, we report the first evidence concerning the modulation of insect immune system activity after applying Solanum nigrum fruit extract (EXT). We focused on two main issues: (1) is EXT cytotoxic for Tenebrio molitor haemocytes? and (2) how EXT affe...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,899 Views
15 Pages
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Alveolar Macrophages Participate in the Promotion of Influenza Virus Infection by Aflatoxin B1 at an Early Stage

  • Yuhang Sun,
  • Zhaoran Yao,
  • Miao Long,
  • Ying Zhang,
  • Kehe Huang and
  • Lin Li
Toxins2023, 15(1), 67;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010067

12 January 2023

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most common environmental mycotoxin contaminations in food and feed, poses significant threats to human and animal health. Our previous study indicated that even non-toxic AFB1 concentrations could promote influenza vi...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,750 Views
11 Pages
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Inhibition of Tolaasin Cytotoxicity Causing Brown Blotch Disease in Cultivated Mushrooms Using Tolaasin Inhibitory Factors

  • Yeong-Bae Yun,
  • Kwang-Hyun Cho and
  • Young-Kee Kim
Toxins2023, 15(1), 66;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010066

12 January 2023

Tolaasin, a pore-forming bacterial peptide toxin secreted by Pseudomonas tolaasii, causes brown blotch disease in cultivated mushrooms by forming membrane pores and collapsing the membrane structures. Tolaasin is a lipodepsipeptide, MW 1985, and pore...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,800 Views
14 Pages
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Biodegradation of Aflatoxin B1 in the Baijiu Brewing Process by Bacillus cereus

  • Guoli Xue,
  • Yanjun Qu,
  • Dan Wu,
  • Shuyuan Huang,
  • Yuqing Che,
  • Jing Yu and
  • Ping Song
Toxins2023, 15(1), 65;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010065

12 January 2023

Aflatoxin is a potent mycotoxin and a common source of grain contamination that leads to great economic losses and health problems. Although distilled baijiu cannot be contaminated by aflatoxin, its presence in the brewing process affects the physiol...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
5,055 Views
20 Pages
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Mycotoxin Occurrence in Feeds and Raw Materials in China: A Five-Year Investigation

  • Wei Hao,
  • Shu Guan,
  • Anping Li,
  • Jinyong Wang,
  • Gang An,
  • Ursula Hofstetter and
  • Gerd Schatzmayr
Toxins2023, 15(1), 63;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010063

11 January 2023

Mycotoxins are ubiquitously present in feeds and raw materials and can exert toxicity on animals and humans. Therefore, mycotoxin occurrence should be monitored. We report here a multi-mycotoxin survey of feed samples in China from 2017 to 2021. Conc...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,150 Views
15 Pages
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In Vitro Efficacy of Antivenom and Varespladib in Neutralising Chinese Russell’s Viper (Daboia siamensis) Venom Toxicity

  • Mimi Lay,
  • Qing Liang,
  • Geoffrey K. Isbister and
  • Wayne C. Hodgson
Toxins2023, 15(1), 62;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010062

11 January 2023

The venom of the Russell’s viper (Daboia siamensis) contains neurotoxic and myotoxic phospholipase A2 toxins which can cause irreversible damage to motor nerve terminals. Due to the time delay between envenoming and antivenom administration, an...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
5,121 Views
16 Pages
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Sustainable Strategies to Counteract Mycotoxins Contamination and Cowpea Weevil in Chickpea Seeds during Post-Harvest

  • Claudia Pisuttu,
  • Samuele Risoli,
  • Lorenzo Moncini,
  • Cristina Nali,
  • Elisa Pellegrini and
  • Sabrina Sarrocco
Toxins2023, 15(1), 61;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010061

11 January 2023

Mycotoxins contamination and pest infestation of foods and feeds represent a pivotal threat for food safety and security worldwide, with crucial implications for human and animal health. Controlled atmosphere could be a sustainable strategy to reduce...

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Toxins - ISSN 2072-6651
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