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Nutrients
Volume 10
Issue 11
10.3390/nu10111745
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Article

A Calcium-Deficient Diet in Dams during Gestation Increases Insulin Resistance in Male Offspring

by
Junji Takaya
*,
Sohsaku Yamanouchi
,
Jiro Kino
,
Yuko Tanabe
and
Kazunari Kaneko
Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2018, 10(11), 1745; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111745
Submission received: 19 October 2018 / Revised: 7 November 2018 / Accepted: 8 November 2018 / Published: 13 November 2018
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Abstract

Calcium (Ca) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance syndrome. Osteocalcin (OC), a bone formation biomarker, acts directly on β-cells and increases insulin secretion. We determined the effects of Ca deficiency during pregnancy and/or lactation on insulin resistance in offspring. Female Wistar rats consumed either a Ca-deficient or control diet ad libitum from three weeks preconception to 21 days postparturition. Pups were allowed to nurse their original mothers until weaning. The offspring were fed a control diet beginning at weaning and were killed on day 180. Serum carboxylated OC (Gla-OC) and undercarboxylated OC (Glu-OC), insulin and adipokines in offspring were measured. In males, mean levels of insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR were higher in the Ca-deficient group than in the control group. In addition, ionized Ca (iCa) was inversely associated with serum Glu-OC and adiponectin in males. In females, mean levels of Glu-OC and Gla-OC in the Ca-deficient group were higher than in the control group. In all offspring, serum leptin levels were correlated with serum insulin levels, and inversely correlated with iCa. In conclusion, maternal Ca restriction during pregnancy and/or lactation influences postnatal offspring Ca metabolism and insulin resistance in a sex-specific manner.
Keywords: calcium; in vivo; osteocalcin; rat calcium; in vivo; osteocalcin; rat

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MDPI and ACS Style

Takaya, J.; Yamanouchi, S.; Kino, J.; Tanabe, Y.; Kaneko, K. A Calcium-Deficient Diet in Dams during Gestation Increases Insulin Resistance in Male Offspring. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1745. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111745

AMA Style

Takaya J, Yamanouchi S, Kino J, Tanabe Y, Kaneko K. A Calcium-Deficient Diet in Dams during Gestation Increases Insulin Resistance in Male Offspring. Nutrients. 2018; 10(11):1745. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111745

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takaya, Junji, Sohsaku Yamanouchi, Jiro Kino, Yuko Tanabe, and Kazunari Kaneko. 2018. "A Calcium-Deficient Diet in Dams during Gestation Increases Insulin Resistance in Male Offspring" Nutrients 10, no. 11: 1745. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111745

APA Style

Takaya, J., Yamanouchi, S., Kino, J., Tanabe, Y., & Kaneko, K. (2018). A Calcium-Deficient Diet in Dams during Gestation Increases Insulin Resistance in Male Offspring. Nutrients, 10(11), 1745. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111745

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