Dairy-Related Dietary Patterns, Dietary Calcium, Body Weight and Composition: A Study of Obesity in Polish Mothers and Daughters, the MODAF Project
by
Lidia Wadolowska 1, Natalia Ulewicz 1,*, Kamila Sobas 1,2, Justyna W. Wuenstel 1, Malgorzata A. Slowinska 1, Ewa Niedzwiedzka 1 and Magdalena Czlapka-Matyasik 3
Lidia Wadolowska 1, Natalia Ulewicz 1,*, Kamila Sobas 1,2, Justyna W. Wuenstel 1, Malgorzata A. Slowinska 1, Ewa Niedzwiedzka 1 and Magdalena Czlapka-Matyasik 3
1
Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
2
Institute of Public Health, The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
3
Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2018, 10(1), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010090
Received: 6 December 2017 / Revised: 8 January 2018 / Accepted: 10 January 2018 / Published: 16 January 2018
The role of the family environment in regards to dairy products and dietary calcium in the context of obesity is not fully understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the association among dairy-related dietary patterns (DDPs), dietary calcium, body weight and composition in mothers and daughters. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey within the MODAF Project. A total sample of 712 pairs of mothers (<60 years) and daughters (12–21 years) was studied. This study included 691 pairs. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (ADOS-Ca) was used to collect dietary data. Waist circumference (WC), body fat, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI) were determined. Previously derived DDPs were used—three in mothers and three in daughters. In mothers, two of the DDPs were characterized by higher consumption of various dairy products with suboptimal calcium content (means: 703 or 796 mg/day) which decreased the chance of: z-WC > 1 standard deviation (SD), WC > 80 cm, body fat > 32%, WHtR > 0.5, BMI = 25–29.9 kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 by 44–67% when compared to low-dairy low-calcium DDP (288 mg/day). In mothers per 100 mg/day of dietary calcium, the chance of z-WC > 1SD, WC > 80 cm, z-WHtR > 1SD, WHtR > 0.5 cm, BMI = 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 decreased by 5–9%. In correspondence analysis, a clear association was found between mothers’ and daughters’ low-dairy low-calcium DDPs and upper categories of z-WC (>1 SDs). This study reinforces evidence of the similarity between mothers and daughters in dairy-related dietary patterns and provides a new insight on the adverse relation between low-dairy low-calcium dietary patterns and obesity. It was found that diets containing various dairy products with suboptimal dietary calcium content may be recommended in obesity prevention.
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Keywords:
body fat; BMI; calcium; dairy products; dietary patterns; obesity; waist circumference; WHtR
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MDPI and ACS Style
Wadolowska, L.; Ulewicz, N.; Sobas, K.; Wuenstel, J.W.; Slowinska, M.A.; Niedzwiedzka, E.; Czlapka-Matyasik, M. Dairy-Related Dietary Patterns, Dietary Calcium, Body Weight and Composition: A Study of Obesity in Polish Mothers and Daughters, the MODAF Project. Nutrients 2018, 10, 90.
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