Abstract
In aircraft detection from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, there are several major challenges: the shattered features of the aircraft, the size heterogeneity and the interference of a complex background. To address these problems, an Efficient Bidirectional Path Aggregation Attention Network (EBPA2N) is proposed. In EBPA2N, YOLOv5s is used as the base network and then the Involution Enhanced Path Aggregation (IEPA) module and Effective Residual Shuffle Attention (ERSA) module are proposed and systematically integrated to improve the detection accuracy of the aircraft. The IEPA module aims to effectively extract advanced semantic and spatial information to better capture multi-scale scattering features of aircraft. Then, the lightweight ERSA module further enhances the extracted features to overcome the interference of complex background and speckle noise, so as to reduce false alarms. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed network, Gaofen-3 airports SAR data with 1 m resolution are utilized in the experiment. The detection rate and false alarm rate of our EBPA2N algorithm are 93.05% and 4.49%, respectively, which is superior to the latest networks of EfficientDet-D0 and YOLOv5s, and it also has an advantage of detection speed.