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Volume 17
Issue 9
10.3390/v17091275
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Living Together Apart: Quantitative Perspectives on the Costs and Benefits of a Multipartite Genome Organization in Viruses

by
Marcelle L. Johnson
1,2,*,†,
Dieke Boezen
1,2,‡,
Alexey A. Grum-Grzhimaylo
1,3,
René A. A. van der Vlugt
2,
J. Arjan G. M. de Visser
4 and
Mark P. Zwart
1,*
1
Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
2
Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
3
Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
4
Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current address: Independent Researcher, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
‡
Current address: The Dutch Research Council (NWO), Laan van Nieuw Oost‐Indië 300, 2593 CE Den Haag, The Netherlands.
Viruses 2025, 17(9), 1275; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17091275
Submission received: 17 July 2025 / Accepted: 17 September 2025 / Published: 20 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Section General Virology)
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‡ Current address: The Dutch Research Council (NWO), Laan van Nieuw Oost-Indië 300, 2593 CE Den Haag, The Netherlands [...]

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MDPI and ACS Style

Johnson, M.L.; Boezen, D.; Grum-Grzhimaylo, A.A.; Vlugt, R.A.A.v.d.; de Visser, J.A.G.M.; Zwart, M.P. Living Together Apart: Quantitative Perspectives on the Costs and Benefits of a Multipartite Genome Organization in Viruses. Viruses 2025, 17, 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17091275

AMA Style

Johnson ML, Boezen D, Grum-Grzhimaylo AA, Vlugt RAAvd, de Visser JAGM, Zwart MP. Living Together Apart: Quantitative Perspectives on the Costs and Benefits of a Multipartite Genome Organization in Viruses. Viruses. 2025; 17(9):1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17091275

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johnson, Marcelle L., Dieke Boezen, Alexey A. Grum-Grzhimaylo, René A. A. van der Vlugt, J. Arjan G. M. de Visser, and Mark P. Zwart. 2025. "Living Together Apart: Quantitative Perspectives on the Costs and Benefits of a Multipartite Genome Organization in Viruses" Viruses 17, no. 9: 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17091275

APA Style

Johnson, M. L., Boezen, D., Grum-Grzhimaylo, A. A., Vlugt, R. A. A. v. d., de Visser, J. A. G. M., & Zwart, M. P. (2025). Living Together Apart: Quantitative Perspectives on the Costs and Benefits of a Multipartite Genome Organization in Viruses. Viruses, 17(9), 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17091275

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