Energies, Volume 14, Issue 16

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are well-known systems that convert solar energy into electrical energy. Increases in operating temperature induce a drop in conversion efficiency and, thus, in the output power produced by the panel. This paper investigates...

In the last few years, several countries have accomplished their determined renewable energy targets to achieve their future energy requirements with the foremost aim to encourage sustainable growth with reduced emissions, mainly through the implemen...

Decarbonization is an activity aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit climate change and global warming. Ensuring macroeconomic stabilization is the basis for ecological action. The question is whether macroeconomic stabilization helps c...

This work presents a comparison study of the CFD modeling with two different turbulence modeling approaches viz. unsteady RANS and LES, on a full-scale model of the (New) MEXICO rotor wind turbine. The main emphasis of the paper is on the rotor and w...

Vertical axis turbines, which extract kinetic energy from currents, can produce electricity independently from a current’s direction. Hence, this type of turbines raises interest for harvesting energy from tidal currents, where flow changes direction...

The article deals with the problem of the effects of using a wooden church on thermal and humidity conditions forming inside. Religious services in the studied site were provided several times a year. The building was not used in the remaining time....

In the petrochemical industry, multiphase flow, including oil–water two-phase stratified laminar flow, is more common and can be easily obtained through mathematical analysis. However, there is limited mathematical analytical model for the simulation...

A microgrid is a set of decentralized loads and electricity sources, mainly renewable. It can operate connected to and synchronized with a traditional wide-area synchronous grid, i.e., a macrogrid, but can also be disconnected to operate in “island m...

The fuel qualities of several biodiesels containing highly saturated, mono, and poly unsaturated fatty acids, as well as their combustion and exhaust emission characteristics, were studied. Six biodiesel samples were divided into two groups based on...

Nonlinear control problems in turbofan engines are challenging. No single nonlinear controller can achieve desired control effects in a full flight envelope, but in the case of multiple controllers, there exist problems in the bumpless transfer betwe...

The restructuring of power systems and the ever-increasing demand for electricity have given rise to congestion in power networks. The use of distributed generators (DGs) may play a significant role in tackling such issues. DGs may be integrated with...

In the last decades, rigorous research has been carried out with the end of understanding the gas dynamic phenomenon and although different preventive techniques have been employed, even today there are numerous accidents even with the loss of life....

When operating in cold climates, wind turbines are vulnerable to ice accretion. The main impact of icing on wind turbines is the power losses due to geometric deformation of the iced airfoils of the blades. Significant energy losses during the wind f...

Urban heat island (UHI) effects significantly impact building energy. Traditional UHI investigation methods are often incapable of providing the high spatial density of observations required to distinguish small-scale temperature differences in the U...

The introduction of the Green Deal in 2019 by the European Commission poses a significant challenge for EU member states whose power generation is based primarily on fossil fuels. In Poland, nearly 80% of the electricity is produced from fossil fuels...

The use of biofuels for spark ignition engines is proposed to diversify fuel sources and reduce fossil fuel consumption, optimize engine performance, and reduce pollutant emissions. Additionally, when these biofuels are produced from low-grade wastes...

The flexible excitation system (FES) is a kind of novel excitation system with two channels for damping control. Besides the basic functions of traditional excitation systems, flexible excitation systems can provide reactive power support for the ter...

Railway transit forms the backbone of sustainable transportation systems, which are necessary to limit the effects of global warming. In this paper, the authors seek to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference in energy consu...

The management of the power transformer population is a complex process, as the grid companies operate thousands of devices. For this issue, the health index method can be applied to facilitate asset management. The algorithm can be used not only in...

The quantitative evaluation of cluster wind power output volatility and source-load timing matching is vital to the planning and operation of the future power system dominated by new energy. However, the existing volatility evaluation methods of clus...

A control technique combining pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) is presented herein to reduce the output voltage ripple of the converter as little as possible. Such a converter requires a two-stage cascaded structure....

The fracturing technique is widely used in many fields. Fracture has a greater impact on the movement of fluids in formations. Knowing information about a fracture is key to judging its effect, but detailed information about complex fracture networks...

The energy transition is accompanied by developing a digital decentralized low-carbon energy infrastructure with renewable-based generating plants as its main elements. In 2020, 15 photovoltaic power plants (PVPs) with an installed capacity of 364 MW...

The filtered mass density function (FMDF) model has been employed for large-eddy simulations (LES) of compressible high-speed turbulent mixing and reacting flows. However, the mixing model remains a pressing challenge for FMDF methods, especially for...

In this paper, the authors discuss the problem of the influence of the level of electrification in African countries on their sustainable development. The first aim of the article is to determine the relationship between changes in the electrificatio...

In the present study, we provide useful data related to one of the most promising materials in thin-film solar cell technologies: Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) kesterite structures. Sol-gel spin coating and chemical bath deposition methods were used to fabricate...

In many electrical grids, the share of renewable energy generation increases. As these generators are typically connected to the grid via inverters, the level of grid inertia decreases. Such grids may therefore suffer from high rates of change of fre...

The large-scale interconnection of the power grid has brought great benefits to social development, but simultaneously, the frequency of large-scale fault accidents caused by extreme weather is also rocketing. The power grid is regarded as a represen...

Magnetic beamforming techniques can enhance the power transfer efficiency using focused magnetic fields by the multiple transmitters to the receivers. However, the intra-couplings that cause power leakage and phase distortion among the arrayed coils...

A DC converter with the benefits of reverse power capability, less switching loss and wide voltage operation is presented and implemented for wide input voltage applications such as fuel cell energy, photovoltaic (PV) system and DC wind power. Two fu...

Drilling boreholes in gas zones and in zones with the possibility of migration or gas exhalation requires a high index of well tightness. An important parameter determining the effectiveness of sealing the annular space is the adhesion of the cement...

Accurate forecasting of a building thermal performance can help to optimize its energy consumption. In addition, obtaining the Heat Loss Coefficient (HLC) allows characterizing the thermal envelope of the building under conditions of use. The aim of...

The electronic oxygen regulator (EOR) is a new type of aviation oxygen equipment which uses electronic servo control technology to control breathing gas pressure. In this paper, the control method of EOR was studied, and the dynamic model of the avia...

Six supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) were identified to be incorporated in concrete exposed to high-temperature cycling conditions within the thermal energy storage literature. The selected SCMs are bauxite, chamotte, ground granulated bla...

Smart cities are an extremely important, multi-faceted subject, both in terms of their practical aspects and in terms of research. This is expressed, among other things, in the multitude of approaches to this concept. These approaches differ based on...

This study evaluates temperatures measured at district heating (DH) valves in manholes and their usability for non-destructively assessing the thermal performance of buried DH pipes. The study was conducted as a field test in which part of a DH netwo...

This article reviews a method of hydrogen production based on partial non-catalytic oxidation of natural gas in an original synthesis gas generator. The working principles of the unit are similar to those of liquid-propellant rocket engines. This pap...

In order to solve the problems of roadway stability and easy instability under repeated mining of close-distance coal seam groups, the mechanism and control technology of surrounding rock instability under repeated mining were studied via indoor test...

The participation of central banks in the fight against climate change has recently been advanced in several academic articles and policy papers. Since the emerging consensus is that climate change poses financial risks, the envisaged green central b...

One of the methods of converting thermal energy into electricity is the use of thermoelectric generators (TEG). The method can be used in low-temperature waste heat conversion systems from industrial installations, but its serious limitation is the l...

The huge influence of the sampling rate on the performance of the digital PID control of a voltage source inverter (VSI) is revealed. It is shown that an appropriately chosen continuous-time model of a digital controller with the PWM power converter...

In this study, we numerically investigated the effects of design parameters, such as the strut geometry or diffusion angle, on the performance of an industrial turbine exhaust diffuser. Turbine exhaust diffusers are commonly used to change the kineti...

Boosting the externalities across the water, energy, food, and waste (WEFW) sectors is challenging, especially considering tightening constraints such as population growth, climate change, resource-intensive lifestyles, increased waste production, sa...

The prevention and evaluation of explosions requires suitable standards of measurement. As such, for this study two ignition thresholds, the ignition temperature and the minimum ignition irradiance were selected as the assessment criteria. These igni...

To improve the utilization of steel slag (SS) in CO₂ capture and making building materials, the paper mainly discussed the effects of desulphurization gypsum (DG) and w/s ratio on strength development and CO₂ capture capability of high Al content SS....

The main objective of the paper was comparative analyses of natural gas quantities delivered through the existing pipeline capacities in the last decade and new pipeline capacities for the prediction of possible future flows of gas import to Europe....

Autothermal reforming of bioethanol (ATR of C₂H₅OH) over promoted Ni/Ce_0.8La_0.2O_1.9 catalysts was studied to develop carbon-neutral technologies for hydrogen production. The regulation of the functional properties of the catalysts was attained by adj...

A vibration control concept based on vibration energy conversion and storage with respect to a serial-stiffness-switch system (4S) has previously been proposed. Here, we first present a rotational electromagnetic serial-stiffness-switch system as a n...

High energetic efficiency is a major requirement in industrial processes. The poor thermal conductivity of conventional working fluids stands as a limitation for high thermal efficiency in thermal applications. Nanofluids tackle this limitation by th...

The objectives of this work are: (a) to present a new system for building heating which is based on underground energy storage, (b) to develop a mathematical model of the system, and (c) to optimise the energy performance of the system. The system in...