Sensors, Volume 22, Issue 23

Ballistocardiography (BCG) and seismocardiography (SCG) are non-invasive techniques used to record the micromovements induced by cardiovascular activity at the body’s center of mass and on the chest, respectively. Since their inception, their p...

Electroencephalogram (EEG) was used to analyze the mechanisms and differences in brain neural activity of drivers in visual, auditory, and cognitive distracted vs. normal driving emergency braking conditions. A pedestrian intrusion emergency braking...

The balance of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is commonly assessed during neurological examinations through clinical Romberg and tandem gait tests that are often not sensitive enough to unravel subtle deficits in early-stage PwMS. Inertial sen...

A modified two-axis surface encoder is proposed to separately measure both the in-plane displacement and the Z-directional out-of-plane displacement with minor crosstalk errors. The surface encoder is composed of a scale grating and a small-sized sen...

Against the background of an aging infrastructure, the condition assessment process of existing bridges is becoming an ever more challenging task for structural engineers. Short-term measurements and structural monitoring are valuable tools that can...

The aggregation of cytotoxic amyloid peptides (Aβ_1-42) is widely recognised as the cause of brain tissue degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Indeed, evidence indicates that the deposition of cytotoxic Aβ_1-42 plaques formed throu...

Condition assessment of civil engineering structures has been an active research area due to growing concerns over the safety of aged as well as new civil structures. Utilization of emerging immersive visualization technologies such as Virtual Realit...

The localization of sensors in wireless sensor networks has recently gained considerable attention. The existing location methods are based on a one-spot measurement model. It is difficult to further improve the positioning accuracy of existing locat...

The modified Mallet scale (MMS) is commonly used to grade shoulder function in brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) but has limited sensitivity and cannot grade scapulothoracic and glenohumeral mobility. This study aims to evaluate if the addition of...

The photoacoustic effect is an emerging technology that has sparked significant interest in the research field since an acoustic wave can be produced simply by the incidence of light on a material or tissue. This phenomenon has been extensively inves...

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the field of wireless communication for designing a monitoring system to observe the activity of the human body remotely. With the use of wireless body area networks (WBAN), chronic health and ph...

A difficult challenge for today’s driver monitoring systems is the detection of cognitive distraction. The present research presents the development of a theory-driven approach for cognitive distraction detection during manual driving based on...

In this paper, a horn-shaped strip antenna exponentially tapered carved on a multilayer dielectric substrate for an indoor body position tracking system is proposed. The performance of the proposed antenna was verified by testing it as a tracking sta...

The foot is a vital organ, as it stabilizes the impact forces between the human skeletal system and the ground. Hence, precise foot dimensions are essential not only for custom footwear design, but also for the clinical treatment of foot health. Most...

The design of a refractometric sensing system for liquids analysis with a sensor and the scheme for its intensity interrogation combined on a single photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is proposed. A racetrack microring resonator with a channel for the...

Metric temporal logic (MTL) is a popular real-time extension of linear temporal logic (LTL). This paper presents a new simple SAT-based bounded model-checking (SAT-BMC) method for MTL interpreted over discrete infinite timed models generated by discr...

Trustworthy AI applications such as biometric authentication must be implemented in a secure manner so that a malefactor is not able to take advantage of the knowledge and use it to make decisions. The goal of the present work is to increase the reli...

The problem of vehicle re-identification in surveillance scenarios has grown in popularity as a research topic. Deep learning has been successfully applied in re-identification tasks in the last few years due to its superior performance. However, dee...

Impurity rate is one of the key performance indicators of the rice combine harvester and is also the main basis for parameter regulation. At present, the tracked rice combine harvester impurity rates cannot be monitored in real time. Due to the lack...

Despite the growing interest in the use of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals as a potential biometric for subject identification and the recent advances in the use of deep learning (DL) models to study neurological signals, such as electrocardiogram...

With the rapid increase of smart Internet of Things (IoT) devices, edge networks generate a large number of computing tasks, which require edge-computing resource devices to complete the calculations. However, unreasonable edge-computing resource all...

Federated clouds are interconnected cooperative cloud infrastructures offering vast hosting capabilities, smooth workload migration and enhanced reliability. However, recent devastating attacks on such clouds have shown that such features come with s...

Current research concerning the repeatability of the joint’s sounds examination in the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) is inconclusive; thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability of the specific features of the vibroarthrog...

This paper presents the development of a visual-perception system on a dual-arm mobile robot for human-robot interaction. This visual system integrates three subsystems. Hand gesture recognition is utilized to trigger human-robot interaction. Engagem...

As the elderly population grows, there is a need for caregivers, which may become unsustainable for society. In this situation, the demand for automated help increases. One of the solutions is service robotics, in which robots have automation and sho...

The ball joint is a multi-degree-of-freedom transmission pair, if it can replace the inner frame in the aviation photoelectric pod to carry the optical load, which will greatly simplify the system structure of the photoelectric pod and reduce the spa...

Two commercial multisport activity trackers (Garmin Forerunner 945 and Polar Ignite) and the accelerometer ActiGraph GT9X were evaluated in measuring vital data, sleep stages and sleep/wake patterns against polysomnography (PSG). Forty-nine adult pat...

The development of a robust surface functionalization method is indispensable in controlling the efficiency, sensitivity, and stability of a detection system. Polystyrene (PS) has been used as a support material in various biomedical fields. Here, we...

In this paper, a consensus tracking protocol for nonlinear agents is presented, which is based on the Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) technique. Implementation of such a technique is new in the context of the consensus tracking problem. The trackin...

In the context of new geopolitical tensions due to the current armed conflicts, safety in terms of navigation has been threatened due to the large number of sea mines placed, in particular, within the sea conflict areas. Additionally, since a large n...

In recent years, due to the rapid development of Internet of things (IoTs), various physical things (objects) in IoTs are smart enough to make their own decisions without the involvement of humans. The smart devices embedded in a drone can sense, col...

Starting from the general topology and the main elements that connect a microgrid represented by a DC power source to the main grid, this article presents the performance of the control system of a DC-AC converter. The main elements of this topology...

Visualizing two variables in the fluid flow requires a complex optical system to fulfill such a purpose. Furthermore, in these applications, measuring the temperature fields of the fluid is sometimes necessary. In this work, we use a color digital ca...

Rehabilitation robotics aims to facilitate the rehabilitation procedure for patients and physical therapists. This field has a relatively long history dating back to the 1990s; however, their implementation and the standardisation of their applicatio...

Repeatability and reproducibility of any measuring system must be evaluated to assess possible limitations for its use. The objective of this study was to establish the repeatability and the inter-operator reproducibility of a sensors-based system (E...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to countless deaths and widespread global disruptions. Acoustic-based artificial intelligence (AI) tools could provide a simple, scalable, and prompt method to screen for COVID-19 using easily acquirable ph...

With the intense deployment of wireless systems and the widespread use of intelligent equipment, the requirement for indoor positioning services is increasing, and Wi-Fi fingerprinting has emerged as the most often used approach to identifying indoor...

This paper presents the application of CORPS (coherently radiating periodic structures) for feeding CRA (concentric rings array) with a reduced number of phase shifters. The proposed design technique for the structure of concentric rings provides a b...

Cervical tissue hydration level is one of the most important parameters to monitor in the early diagnosis of preterm birth. Electrical-impedance-spectroscopy-based techniques are often used, but they suffer from limited accuracy. Open microwave coaxi...

Accurate Earth orientation parameter (EOP) predictions are needed for many applications, e.g., for the tracking and navigation of interplanetary spacecraft missions. One of the most difficult parameters to forecast is the length of day (LOD), which r...

In recent years, with the rapid progress of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, UAV-based systems have been widely used in both civilian and military applications. Researchers have proposed various network architectures and routing protocols to...

Helical twist provides an additional degree of freedom for controlling light in optical waveguides, expanding their applications in sensing. In this paper, we propose a helical broken-circular-symmetry core microstructured optical fiber for refractiv...

Facial emotion recognition (FER) systems are imperative in recent advanced artificial intelligence (AI) applications to realize better human–computer interactions. Most deep learning-based FER systems have issues with low accuracy and high reso...

One of the most challenging issues in the routing protocols for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is the occurrence of void areas (communication void). That is, when void areas are present, the data packets could be trapped in a sensor node...

The instability and variable lifetime are the benefits of high efficiency and low-cost issues in lithium-ion batteries.An accurate equipment’s remaining useful life prediction is essential for successful requirement-based maintenance to improve...

Changing the connection length of an additively manufactured electrode (AME) has a significant impact on the electrochemical and electroanalytical response of the system. In the literature, many electrochemical platforms have been produced using addi...

Vehicle dynamics control systems have a fundamental role in smart and autonomous mobility, where one of the most crucial aspects is the vehicle body velocity estimation. In this paper, the problem of a correct evaluation of the vehicle longitudinal v...

An important issue in medical robotics is communication between physicians and robots. Speech-based communication is of particular advantage in robot-assisted surgery. It frees the surgeon’s hands; hence, he can focus on the principal tasks. Ma...

Olfactory training has been shown to be effective in treating olfactory dysfunction. However, there are hardly any devices that can regularly and quantificationally release odors for olfactory training. A new odor-releasing device, which is low-cost,...

The project Lunar Volatiles Mobile Instrumentation—Extended (LUVMI-X) developed an initial system design as well as payload and mobility breadboards for a small, lightweight rover dedicated for in situ exploration of the lunar south pole. One o...