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Volume 20
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10.3390/s20102874
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Article

Terahertz Beam Steering Concept Based on a MEMS-Reconfigurable Reflection Grating

by
Xuan Liu
1,*,
Lisa Samfaß
2,
Kevin Kolpatzeck
1,
Lars Häring
1,
Jan C. Balzer
1,
Martin Hoffmann
2 and
Andreas Czylwik
1
1
Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE), 47057 Duisburg, Germany
2
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), 44801 Bochum, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2020, 20(10), 2874; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102874
Submission received: 2 April 2020 / Revised: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 / Published: 19 May 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Physical Sensors)
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Abstract

With an increasing number of applications of terahertz systems in industrial fields and communications, terahertz beamforming and beam steering techniques are required for high-speed, large-area scanning. As a promising means for beam steering, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based reflection gratings have been successfully implemented for terahertz beam control. So far, the diffraction grating efficiency is relatively low due to the limited vertical displacement range of the reflectors. In this paper, we propose a design for a reconfigurable MEMS-based reflection grating consisting of multiple subwavelength reflectors which are driven by 5-bit, high-throw electrostatic actuators. We vary the number of the reflectors per grating period and configure the throw of individual reflectors so that the reflection grating is shaped as a blazed grating to steer the terahertz beam with maximum diffraction grating efficiency. Furthermore, we provide a mathematical model for calculating the radiation pattern of the terahertz wave reflected by general reflection gratings consisting of subwavelength reflectors. The calculated and simulated radiation patterns of the designed grating show that we can steer the angle of the terahertz waves in a range of up to ± 56.4 ∘ with a maximum sidelobe level of −10 dB at frequencies from 0.3 THz to 1 THz.
Keywords: terahertz beam steering; blazed grating; MEMS terahertz beam steering; blazed grating; MEMS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Liu, X.; Samfaß, L.; Kolpatzeck, K.; Häring, L.; Balzer, J.C.; Hoffmann, M.; Czylwik, A. Terahertz Beam Steering Concept Based on a MEMS-Reconfigurable Reflection Grating. Sensors 2020, 20, 2874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102874

AMA Style

Liu X, Samfaß L, Kolpatzeck K, Häring L, Balzer JC, Hoffmann M, Czylwik A. Terahertz Beam Steering Concept Based on a MEMS-Reconfigurable Reflection Grating. Sensors. 2020; 20(10):2874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102874

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liu, Xuan, Lisa Samfaß, Kevin Kolpatzeck, Lars Häring, Jan C. Balzer, Martin Hoffmann, and Andreas Czylwik. 2020. "Terahertz Beam Steering Concept Based on a MEMS-Reconfigurable Reflection Grating" Sensors 20, no. 10: 2874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102874

APA Style

Liu, X., Samfaß, L., Kolpatzeck, K., Häring, L., Balzer, J. C., Hoffmann, M., & Czylwik, A. (2020). Terahertz Beam Steering Concept Based on a MEMS-Reconfigurable Reflection Grating. Sensors, 20(10), 2874. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102874

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