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Article

Lipoteichoic Acid Accelerates Bone Healing by Enhancing Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibiting Osteoclast Activation in a Mouse Model of Femoral Defects

1
Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
2
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
3
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
4
Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(15), 5550; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155550
Received: 23 June 2020 / Revised: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 1 August 2020 / Published: 3 August 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Materials for Bone Regeneration: Biomaterials and Cells)
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria. Limited data suggest that LTA is beneficial for bone regeneration in vitro. Thus, we used a mouse model of femoral defects to explore the effects of LTA on bone healing in vivo. Micro-computed tomography analysis and double-fluorochrome labeling were utilized to examine whether LTA can accelerate dynamic bone formation in vivo. The effects of LTA on osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis were also studied in vitro. LTA treatment induced prompt bone bridge formation, rapid endochondral ossification, and accelerated healing of fractures in mice with femoral bone defects. In vitro, LTA directly enhanced indicators of osteogenic factor-induced MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, including alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition and osteopontin expression. LTA also inhibited osteoclast activation induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand. We identified six molecules that may be associated with LTA-accelerated bone healing: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, cystatin C, growth/differentiation factor 15, endostatin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. Finally, double-fluorochrome, dynamic-labeling data indicated that LTA significantly enhanced bone-formation rates in vivo. In conclusion, our findings suggest that LTA has promising bone-regeneration properties. View Full-Text
Keywords: lipoteichoic acid; bone healing; femoral defect; fracture; alkaline phosphatase; osteopontin; endochondral ossification; osteoblast; osteoclast; fluorochrome dynamic labeling lipoteichoic acid; bone healing; femoral defect; fracture; alkaline phosphatase; osteopontin; endochondral ossification; osteoblast; osteoclast; fluorochrome dynamic labeling
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MDPI and ACS Style

Hu, C.-C.; Chang, C.-H.; Hsiao, Y.-m.; Chang, Y.; Wu, Y.-Y.; Ueng, S.W.N.; Chen, M.-F. Lipoteichoic Acid Accelerates Bone Healing by Enhancing Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibiting Osteoclast Activation in a Mouse Model of Femoral Defects. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 5550. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155550

AMA Style

Hu C-C, Chang C-H, Hsiao Y-m, Chang Y, Wu Y-Y, Ueng SWN, Chen M-F. Lipoteichoic Acid Accelerates Bone Healing by Enhancing Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibiting Osteoclast Activation in a Mouse Model of Femoral Defects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(15):5550. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155550

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hu, Chih-Chien, Chih-Hsiang Chang, Yi-min Hsiao, Yuhan Chang, Ying-Yu Wu, Steve W.N. Ueng, and Mei-Feng Chen. 2020. "Lipoteichoic Acid Accelerates Bone Healing by Enhancing Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibiting Osteoclast Activation in a Mouse Model of Femoral Defects" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15: 5550. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155550

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