New Approach Methodologies in Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemical Contaminants

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecotoxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 June 2026 | Viewed by 601

Special Issue Editor

Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: aquatic toxicology; environmental risk assessment; toxicogenomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The impacts of environmentally relevant concentrations of chemicals and their mixtures on biological systems are challenging to assess. Many current approaches to assessing pollution focus on detecting chemicals and pollutants in the environment, as well as the abundance and diversity of fauna and flora, to inform water quality standards. Such approaches are weak in providing links between specific pollutants and their possible mechanisms of action and ecological effects, failing to produce diagnostic insight concerning the type of stressor or predict future impacts before ecological damage becomes precarious. These limitations shifted ecotoxicology towards New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), which provide new metrics for pollution assessment using in vitro cell-based assays, in silico approaches, organisms that comply with non-animal ethical constraints, and omic technologies. NAMs aim to provide mechanistic insights into chemical toxicity, enhance predictive risk assessments, and align with the principles of the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal testing). Regulatory bodies such as the OECD, EPA, and ECHA are increasingly incorporating NAMs into their decision-making frameworks to improve chemical safety assessments. This Special Issue welcomes submissions that highlight mechanistic toxicological studies using in silico, in vitro, and whole-organism responses in accordance with the 3Rs, as well as high-throughput screening methods such as omics and behavioral assays, and the application of NAMs to regulatory bodies.

Dr. Carlos Barata
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • approaches for pollution assessment
  • ecotoxicology
  • ecological effects
  • new approach methodologies
  • chemical toxicity
  • chemical contaminants
  • risk assessment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

26 pages, 1774 KB  
Review
(Eco)Toxicity of E-Waste: Current Methods, Challenges, and Research Priorities
by Diogo A. Ferreira-Filipe, Andrew S. Hursthouse, Armando C. Duarte, Teresa Rocha-Santos and Ana L. Patrício Silva
Toxics 2025, 13(12), 1048; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13121048 - 3 Dec 2025
Viewed by 310
Abstract
The rapid growth in manufacturing and use of electrical and electronic equipment has led to unprecedented volumes of poorly managed e-waste, posing serious ecological risks. Although data on individual chemical substances in e-waste are available, evidence of ecotoxicity from actual e-waste materials remains [...] Read more.
The rapid growth in manufacturing and use of electrical and electronic equipment has led to unprecedented volumes of poorly managed e-waste, posing serious ecological risks. Although data on individual chemical substances in e-waste are available, evidence of ecotoxicity from actual e-waste materials remains scattered. This review consolidates organism-level ecotoxicity data on real e-waste samples (mixed fractions, fragments, leachates) and samples collected near e-waste facilities (soil, sediments, dust, water) across aquatic and terrestrial environments. It critically examines how methodological approaches influence reported outcomes and outlines research priorities. In aquatic environments, toxic responses vary with increased amounts of toxicants (dissolved metals, particles from dismantling operations) that mobilise to surface waters, while hydrophobic organic compounds cause sublethal behavioural and genotoxic effects. The few studies on terrestrial environments show impaired invertebrate growth and reproduction, along with changes in soil and “plastisphere” microbiota. However, tested concentrations, material complexity, and incomplete reporting of exposure chemistry, among other factors, limit the environmental relevance and comparability of the data. Uniformised procedures, combined with thorough chemical characterisation, environmentally realistic conditions, and cross-system bioassays (including different exposure routes and cumulative assessments), may provide mechanistic insights into e-waste toxicity, supporting evidence-based risk management strategies while contributing towards the development and validation of robust new approach methodologies (NAMs). Full article
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