The periodic flexural-gravity waves propagating along a frozen channel are investigated. The channel has a rectangular cross section. The fluid in the channel is inviscid, incompressible and covered with ice. The ice is modeled by a thin elastic plat...
Optimization of thin film uniformity is an important aspect for large-area coatings, particularly for optical coatings where error tolerances can be of the order of nanometers. Physical vapor deposition is a widely used technique for producing thin f...
Uniform wall thickness plays an essential role in avoiding forming failure in incremental sheet forming. However, it is challenging to promote the uniform distribution of wall thickness in single-pass forming of high wall angle and complex three-dime...
Thickness nonuniformity is a bottleneck in the micro electroforming process of micro-metal devices. In this paper, a new method of fabricating a layered auxiliary cathode is proposed to improve the thickness uniformity of a micro-electroforming layer...
The metal thickness uniformity of the micro-electroforming process determines the structural accuracy, surface finish, and functional characteristics, which directly affect the quality, performance, and reliability of the final parts. However, due to...
We herein report the effect of the viscosity of a prepolymer solution on the thickness uniformity of silver-nanowire-embedded flexible transparent electrodes. We adopted a model system with all the prepolymer solutions possessing identical physical p...
The thickness nonuniformity of an electroformed layer is a bottleneck problem for electroformed micro metal devices. In this paper, a new fabrication method is proposed to improve the thickness uniformity of micro gear, which is the key element of va...
Spin coating is widely used to form a uniform film on a solid substrate. Airflow disturbance has been considered as one of the most influential factors of film thickness, especially for spin coating on large area noncircular substrates. However, the...
Hemispherical resonator gyroscopes (HRGs) are critical components in high-precision inertial navigation systems, typically used in fields such as navigation, weaponry, and deep space exploration. Film thickness uniformity affects device performance t...
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has emerged as an essential technique, enabling the deposition of titanium nitride (TiN), which is renowned for its exceptional metal diffusion barrier properties. Improving within-wafer uniformity has become increasingl...
Improving the spatial resolution of remote sensing satellites has long been a challenge in the field of optical designing. Although the use of large-aperture reflective mirrors significantly improves the resolution of optical systems, controlling the...
To address the challenge of assessing the thickness uniformity of epoxy asphalt layers on steel bridge decks, three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar (3D-GPR) was employed for non-destructive, full cross-sectional detection of the pavement layer&r...
Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a novel flexible forming technology with advantages, such as a low forming force, low-energy-consuming equipment, and good forming performance. The lack of available information about the formability of the two-poin...
Multilayer graphene has attracted significant attention because its physical properties can be tuned by stacking its layers in a particular configuration. To apply the intriguing properties of multilayer graphene in various optoelectronic or spintron...
Using a stainless shadow mask combined with a magnetron-ion-assisted deposition (IAD) sputtering system, we investigate the surface morphologies and optical properties of microfilms. Optimal color-filter (CF) coating microfilms with niobium pent-oxid...
Reduced graphene films have attracted widespread commercial interest due to high electrical conductivity toward (EMI) shielding. At present, the preparation path of reduced graphene film is to use graphene oxide (GO) as the raw material through self-...
The uniform temperature distribution, one of the requirements for long-term durability, is essential for composite heaters. An analytical model for temperature distribution of a tube-type heater was derived, and it revealed that thickness uniformity...
This work deals with the design of the thickness of an AZ31 alloy blank, which is a superplastic magnesium material, to manufacture a hemisphere with a uniform final thickness. The finite element technique was used for the design process. The superpl...
This paper combines third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) and modified couple stress theory (MCST) with the principle of total potential energy to analyze the size-dependent buckling behavior of a functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced...
Parts with microstructure arrays have been widely used in biotechnologies and optical technologies, and their performances are affected by replication uniformity. The uniformity of the microstructure is still a challenge in micro-injection molded par...
The aim of this research is to investigate the frequency of conical-shaped shells, consisting of different materials, based on higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The shells are of non-uniform thickness, consisting of two to six symmetric c...
One of the significant limitations of the pulsed laser deposition method in the mass-production-technologies of micro- and nanoelectronic and molecular device electronic fabrication is the issue of ensuring deposition of films with uniform thickness...
To address the challenge of achieving uniform coating on large-aperture substrates with significant sagittal height differences, this study employs a conventional-sized movable sputtering target combined with substrate rotation to realize high-unifor...
Spin coating is one of the dominant processes for producing photoresistant thin films in integrated circuit manufacturing. The application of this process mainly focuses on flat surfaces. With the development of science and technology, the spin coati...
The process of spinning and machining for heavy plates has the problems of a large amount of machining, large springback, and easy cracking. Aiming to address these issues, we proposed a deep drawing forming method for a plate with differential thick...
The work is dedicated to mathematical modelling of random diffusion flows of admixture particles in a two-phase stratified strip with stochastic disposition of phases and random thickness of inclusion-layers. The study of such models are especially i...
This work presents a finite element model to analyze the distribution of the strains due to an axisymmetric stretching of a metal sheet. The sheet is characterized by a variable initial thickness. The resulting strain state is compared with that of a...
This paper presents the non-uniform change in cell thickness of cylindrical Lithium (Li)-ion cells due to the change of State of Charge (SoC). Using optical measurement methods, with the aid of a laser light band micrometer, the expansion and contrac...
The non-uniform corrosion of steel bars is the main factor affecting the durability of concrete. The cracking pattern of concrete due to corrosion is closely related to the distribution of the corrosion products. Research on the thickness distributio...
This study concerned the quality of mini-tablets’ coating uniformity obtained by either the bottom spray chamber with a classical Wurster distributor (CW) or a swirl distributor (SW). Mini-tablets with a diameter of 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mm were coated w...
In fabricating functional layers, including thin-film transistors and conductive electrodes, using roll-to-roll (R2R) processing on polymer-based PET film, the instability of the slot-die coating meniscus under a high-speed web impedes functional lay...
Mechanistic-modeling has been a useful tool to help food scientists in understanding complicated microwave-food interactions, but it cannot be directly used by the food developers for food design due to its resource-intensive characteristic. This stu...
In this paper, an infinite circular ZnO thin film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) with a frame-like electrode operating at the thickness-extensional (TE) mode is studied. Two-dimensional scalar differential equations established for the problem in the...
In this work, Cu thin films were experimentally fabricated at different target–substrate distances by 2-inch and 4-inch circular planar magnetron targets. Meanwhile, the sputtering deposition of Cu thin films was investigated via an integrated...
For many years, structural health monitoring (SHM) has held significant importance across diverse engineering sectors. The main aim of SHM is to assess the health status and understand distinct features of structures by analyzing real-time data from...
Heavy reduction (HR) is a novel technology that could effectively improve the internal porosities and other internal quality problems in continuously cast steel, during which a large reduction deformation is implemented at and after the strand solidi...
One of the reasons for the insufficiently wide use of the low-cost and low-labor vacuum infusion process in the production of polymer composite structures is the uneven distribution of pore pressure, porosity, and preform thickness at the final stage...
Electroformed microfluidic chip mold faces the problem of uneven thickness, which decreases the dimensional accuracy of the mold, and increases the production cost. To fabricate a mold with uniform thickness, two methods are investigated. Firstly, ex...
In order to improve the thickness uniformity of the electroformed metal layer and components, a new electroforming technique is proposed—wire-anode scanning electroforming (WAS-EF). WAS-EF uses an ultrafine inert anode so that the interelectrod...
Nanofluids have gained prominence due to their superior thermo-physical properties. The current paper deals with MHD nanofluid flow over a non-linear stretchable surface of varying thickness in the presence of an electric field. We investigated the e...
One-dimensional photonic crystals composed of alternating layers with high- and low-density were fabricated using two-photon polymerization from a single photosensitive polymer for the infrared spectral range. By introducing single high-density layer...
An intraluminal thrombus (ILT) is present in the majority of abdominal aortic aneurysms, playing a crucial role in their growth and rupture. Although most computational studies do not include the ILT, in the present study, this is taken into account,...
In this study, three amorphous oxide thin films are prepared by an electron beam evaporation combined with ion-assisted deposition technique. With the aid of optical flux mapping method, thin film thickness distribution with good uniformity can be ob...
In this work, a masking technique was used to improve the thickness uniformity of a Mo/Si multilayer deposited on a curved spherical mirror by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering with planetary rotation stages. The clear aperture of the mirror w...
The main load-bearing structure of submarines is the pressure shell. Shell failures are usually caused by high hydrostatic pressure and its own potential geometric imperfections. This paper proposes a cylindrical shell with a strong corrugated stiffe...
This study aims at focusing a laser beam at the center of a microfluidic channel for optical bio-sensing applications thanks to the collective integration of tunable microlens arrays on VCSELs devices. High aspect-ratio polymer-based MOEMS are succes...
We present a modeling study of photoinitiated polymerization in a thick polymer-absorbing medium using a focused UV laser. Transient profiles of the initiator concentration at various focusing conditions are analyzed to define the polymerization boun...
Layer thickness uniformity critically influences the dimensional accuracy and mechanical performance of large-scale cementitious structures produced by material extrusion 3D printing. This study introduces a computer vision workflow that couples trad...
(1) Background: In almost all studies of the shape of the human red blood cell (RBC), the suspending medium was a salt solution supplemented with albumin. However, the ratio of thickness across the dimple region to the thickness of the rim (THR) depe...
To improve the quality of dispersed polystyrene (PS) compound droplets, a new random rotating curing system is designed. In addition, the qualities of the curing products of the PS compound droplets of this new system are compared with those of the t...
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