Control of Postweaning Multisystem Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in Farm Breeding: Biosecurity, Prophylactic Measures , Environmental Influence, Nutrition, Reproduction, Pathology, Zoohygiene, and Epidemiology

Dear Colleagues,
Monitoring the health status of pigs in large agglomerations and systematically recording health indicators indicates that this form of circovirus infection is widespread on our farms. According to our observations, the main clinical expressions are progressive loss of body weight, profuse watery diarrhea, dyspnea, tachypnea, lymphadenopathy, anemia, jaundice (not a constant finding), and the absence of antimicrobial effects in treated animals. Pathophysiological research resulted in lymphocyte depletion and histiocytic infiltration with amphiphilic intracytoplasmic inclusions. In addition to this image, giant multinucleated cells were found in the lymph nodes. The kidney tissue under the microscopic lens corresponded to interstitial nephritis, and the lung tissue showed a picture of lymph histiocytic interstitial pneumonia. The liver often showed mild changes in terms of non-purulent periportal hepatitis, and in more severe cases, extensive necrosis was detected, which is most often accompanied by icterus. This picture is completed by pancreatitis, granulomatous enteritis with atrophy of intestinal villi, and myocarditis. The goal is to monitor the incidence of PMWS on farms while conducting prophylactic and biosecurity measures and control the seeds of boars.
Circovirus infections in pigs represent a significant health issue; they are of recent origin and currently draw the attention of a large number of international researchers. The problem of circovirus infection still today represents a significant unknown, which is a gap in veterinary knowledge, both in the world and in the national professional public. The disease caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) was first described in 1997 in Canada and subsequently spread rapidly around the world. Of the general preventive measures, an important role is played by the application of quarantine, the principle of "all in, all out", washing and disinfection systems, and adequate rest of the facility. Today, vaccination is an important and very current method of controlling circovirus infections in pig production.
Warm regards,

Prof. Dr. Jovan Bojkovski
Prof. Dr. Marina Spinu
Guest Editors

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