Ecological Risk Assessment of Pesticides

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecotoxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 1299

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Interests: chiral pesticide; stereoselectivity; toxic effects; accumulation; dissipation; toxic mechanism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The wide use of pesticides brings many uncertainties for the ecological environment. Ecological risk assessment is crucial for evaluating the potential effects of pesticide on ecosystems, including evaluating toxicity, persistence, potential for bioaccumulation, and so on. The potential effects on non-target organisms such as birds, bees, aquatic organisms, and environmental matrices such as soil, water, and air should be considered. Ecological risk assessment also includes the comprehensive understanding on the specific characteristics of pesticides, the target organisms, the potential exposure pathways, the interactions between pesticides and the environment, and the long-term effects for the ecosystem. Chiral pesticides and their combined pollution are also worth a consideration. Ecological risk assessment will provide regulators, policymakers, and stakeholders with the information needed to make informed decisions about the use of pesticides, which plays a critical role in the rational use of pesticides and in minimizing their negative effects.

Dr. Shanshan Di
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • toxic effects
  • accumulation dissipation
  • toxic mechanism
  • rational use
  • risk assessment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1723 KiB  
Article
Prothioconazole Stress Reduces Bacterial Richness and Alters Enzyme Activity in Soybean Rhizosphere
by Ronggang Zhai, Mengchen Shi, Panpan Chen and Yi Wang
Toxics 2024, 12(10), 692; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100692 - 25 Sep 2024
Viewed by 877
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is currently a popular triazole fungicide. In recent years, as the use of PTC has increased, there has been growing concern about its environmental and toxicological effects. Here, we studied the effect of PTC on the growth of soybean plants and [...] Read more.
Prothioconazole (PTC) is currently a popular triazole fungicide. In recent years, as the use of PTC has increased, there has been growing concern about its environmental and toxicological effects. Here, we studied the effect of PTC on the growth of soybean plants and further analyzed the enzyme activity and microbial community of rhizosphere soil after PTC treatment through 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and fungal ITS. Changes in structural diversity and species richness were measured using Simpson’s diversity index, Shannon’s diversity index and the Chao1 and ACE algorithms. The statistical t-test was applied to test whether the index values were significantly different between the two groups. The results showed that the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 increased after the recommended dose of PTC, indicating that PTC has a strong toxic effect on plant growth, thus affecting the healthy growth of plants. In the presence of PTC, the species richness of fungi and bacteria decreased in all three soil types (black soil, yellow earth and red earth), and the community structure also changed significantly (the p-values were all less than 0.05). Proteobacteria, Actinomycetota, Bacteroidota and Acidobacteriota were the main bacteria, and the abundance of Acidobacteriota and Chloroflexi increased. The dominant fungal communities were Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota. The increased abundance of potentially beneficial microorganisms, such as Sphingomonadaceae, suggested that plants may be resistant to PTC stress by recruiting beneficial microorganisms. PICRUSt analysis showed that the metabolism-related functions and membrane transport pathway of rhizosphere bacterial community were inhibited after PTC stress. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a weak correlation between key fungal taxa and rhizosphere variables in the presence of PTC. Therefore, compared with those in the fungal community, the bacterial community was more likely to help plants resist PTC stress, indicating that these key fungal groups may indirectly help soybean growth under PTC stress by affecting the bacterial community. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecological Risk Assessment of Pesticides)
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