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Ocean Acidification under Multiple Stressors: Adaptation and Solutions for Coastal Sustainability

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Oceans".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 6521

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cristian A. Vargas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Coastal Ecosystems and Global Environmental Change Lab (ECCA Lab), Department of Aquatic Systems, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
Interests: oceanic multiple stressors; global change biology; ocean acidification; experimental biology; coastal biogeochemistry, ocean acidification and socio-ecological systems
Dr. Nelson A. Lagos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejercito 146, Santiago, Chile
Interests: benthic ecology; invertebrates; biomineralization; nature-based solutions; ecoengineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global stressors in oceans, such as ocean acidification, warming or deoxygenation, constitute a rapidly emerging and significant threat for marine populations, ecosystem structure and functioning, global biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem services. The increasing global footprint of human activities has driven these global environmental changes, and ocean acidification driven by the absorption of atmospheric CO2 has disturbed the delicate geochemical balance of global oceans, constituting a significant concern not only for the scientific community, but also reaching the public and political spheres.

Mitigation and adaption management strategies have reached global discussion in order to strengthen the resilience of marine ecosystems and potential capacity of oceans to provide human benefits and services. The study of a population’s habitat as a potential ocean acidification refugee for marine species, the identification of potential pathways for human adaptation and the use of new technologies, including restoration ecology involving nature-based solutions, could constitute unique challenges for reducing the vulnerability and increasing the resilience of human populations inhabiting the coastal domain.

This Special Issue intends to deepen the knowledge regarding adaptation strategies and potential local-scale solutions for ocean acidification and concomitant environmental stressors for stakeholders linked to coastal ecosystems. It is devoted to a wide spectrum of examples related to coastal ecosystems, including those studies focusing on aquaculture models and vulnerability, adaptations for local fishery communities, strategies to rebuild marine populations and restore critical processes of marine ecosystems as well as to varied levels of biological organizations from individuals and populations through ecosystems.

Contributors from different fields are invited to submit their articles on topics including, but not limited to:

  • The study of the natural environmental variability of pH/pCO2 for identifying ocean acidification refugees;
  • Ocean acidification and socio-ecological systems;
  • Nature-based solutions for confronting ocean acidification impacts;
  • Ecological restoration of ocean acidification impact.

Dr. Cristian A. Vargas
Dr. Nelson A. Lagos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • human adaptation capacity of ocean acidification
  • ocean acidification refugia
  • ocean acidification and socio-ecological systems
  • ecological restoration
  • management of protected areas
  • nature-based solutions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4077 KiB  
Article
Individual Pattern Response to CO2-Induced Acidification Stress in Haliotis rufescens Suggests Stage-Specific Acclimatization during Its Early Life History
by Ricardo Gómez-Reyes, Clara E. Galindo-Sánchez, Fabiola Lafarga-De la Cruz, José M. Hernández-Ayón, Enrique Valenzuela-Wood and Laura López-Galindo
Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 14010; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151814010 - 21 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2889
Abstract
The red abalone Haliotis rufescens is a pivotal marine resource in the context of worldwide abalone aquaculture. However, the species has been listed as critically endangered partly because of the life-history massive mortalities associated with habitat climate changes, including short- and long-term ocean [...] Read more.
The red abalone Haliotis rufescens is a pivotal marine resource in the context of worldwide abalone aquaculture. However, the species has been listed as critically endangered partly because of the life-history massive mortalities associated with habitat climate changes, including short- and long-term ocean acidification. Because abalone survival depends on its early life history success, figuring out its vulnerability to acidification is the first step to establishing culture management strategies. In the present study, red abalone embryos were reared under long-term CO2-induced acidification (pH 7.8 and 7.6) and evaluated. The impairment prevalence was assessed during their larval stages, considering the developmental success, growth and calcification. The result in the stage-specific disturbance suggests that the body abilities evaluated are at the expense of their development stages, of which the critical threshold is found under −0.4 pH units. Finally, the settlement was short-term stressed, displaying the opposite to that observed in the long-term acidification. Thus, the early life history interacts through multiple pathways that may also depend on the acidification challenge (i.e., short or long term). Understanding the tolerance limits and pathways of the stress response provides valuable insights for exploring the vulnerability of H. rufescens to ocean acidification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocean Acidification under Multiple Stressors: Adaptation and Solutions for Coastal Sustainability)
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19 pages, 12655 KiB  
Article
Reconstruction of Surface Seawater pH in the North Pacific
by Jie Wang, Peiling Yao, Jiaming Liu, Xun Wang, Jingjing Mao, Jiayuan Xu and Jiarui Wang
Sustainability 2023, 15(7), 5796; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075796 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2713
Abstract
In the recent significant rise in atmospheric CO2, seawater’s continuous acidification is altering the marine environment’s chemical structure at an unprecedented rate. Due to its potential socioeconomic impact, this subject attracted significant research interest. This study used traditional linear regression, nonlinear [...] Read more.
In the recent significant rise in atmospheric CO2, seawater’s continuous acidification is altering the marine environment’s chemical structure at an unprecedented rate. Due to its potential socioeconomic impact, this subject attracted significant research interest. This study used traditional linear regression, nonlinear regression random forest, and the BP neural network algorithm to establish a prediction model for surface seawater pH based on data of North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST), salinity (SSS), chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), and pressure of carbon dioxide on the sea surface (pCO2) from 1993 to 2018. According to existing research, three approaches were found to be highly accurate in reconstructing the surface seawater pH of the North Pacific. The highest-performing models were the linear regression model using SSS, Chl-a, and pCO2, the random forest model using SST and pCO2, and the BP neural network model using SST, SSS, Chl-a, and pCO2. The BP neural network model outperformed the linear regression and random forest model when comparing the root mean square error and fitting coefficient of the three best models. In addition, the best BP neural network model had substantially higher seasonal applicability than the best linear regression and the best random forest model, with good fitting effects in all four seasons—spring, summer, autumn, and winter. The process of CO2 exchange at the sea–air interface was the key factor affecting the pH of the surface seawater, which was found to be negatively correlated with pCO2 and SST, and positively correlated with SSS and Chl-a. Using the best BP neural network model to reconstruct the surface seawater pH over the North Pacific, it was found that the pH exhibited significant temporal and spatiotemporal variation characteristics. The surface seawater pH value was greater in the winter than the summer, and the pH decline rate over the past 26 years averaged 0.0013 yr−1, with a general decreasing tendency from the northwest to the southeast. The highest value was observed in the tropical western Pacific, while the lowest value was observed in the eastern equatorial region with upwelling, which is consistent with the findings of previous studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocean Acidification under Multiple Stressors: Adaptation and Solutions for Coastal Sustainability)
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