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Green Processes Based on Ionic Liquids for Advanced Chemical Technologies
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Green Processes Based on Ionic Liquids for Advanced Chemical Technologies

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental and Green Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 January 2026 | Viewed by 1025

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Aleksandra Dimitrijević

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Guest Editor
Department of Physical Chemistry, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: physical chemistry; environmental protection; synthesis; characterization and application of ionic liquids; separation chemistry
Dr. Ana Jocić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physical Chemistry, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: environmental protection; separation processes; ionic liquids; aqueous biphasic systems; carbon materials; adsorption

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as a transformative class of solvents, enabling the development of innovative and sustainable processes across various chemical and industrial applications. Their unique physicochemical properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and tunable solubility, make them particularly attractive for advanced technologies addressing challenges associated with conventional organic solvents.

This Special Issue, “Green Processes Based on Ionic Liquids for Advanced Chemical Technologies”, aims to showcase cutting-edge research on IL-based processes that contribute to sustainable and efficient chemical technologies. We welcome original research articles, reviews, and theoretical studies focusing on IL applications in extraction and separation techniques, catalytic transformations, biomass processing, waste valorization, energy storage and conversion, environmental remediation, and the synthesis of advanced materials. Contributions addressing theoretical and computational insights, process optimization, scale-up strategies, and techno-economic or life-cycle assessments are also encouraged.

By gathering a diverse range of studies, this Special Issue will serve as a platform for advancing the understanding and practical implementation of IL-based processes, fostering innovation in green chemistry and sustainable engineering.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Aleksandra Dimitrijević
Dr. Ana Jocić
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ionic liquids
  • extraction processes
  • separation science
  • waste valorization
  • environmental remediation
  • biomolecule purification
  • process optimization
  • sustainable solvents
  • green chemistry
  • alternative solvents

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 3010 KiB  
Article
Efficient Ionic Liquid-Based Leaching and Extraction of Metals from NMC Cathodes
by Jasmina Mušović, Danijela Tekić, Ana Jocić, Slađana Marić and Aleksandra Dimitrijević
Processes 2025, 13(6), 1755; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061755 - 2 Jun 2025
Viewed by 877
Abstract
The increasing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and their limited lifespan emphasize the urgent need for sustainable recycling strategies. This study investigates the application of tetrabutylphosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) as alternative leaching agents for recovering critical metals, Li(I), Co(II), Ni(II), and Mn(II), from [...] Read more.
The increasing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and their limited lifespan emphasize the urgent need for sustainable recycling strategies. This study investigates the application of tetrabutylphosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) as alternative leaching agents for recovering critical metals, Li(I), Co(II), Ni(II), and Mn(II), from spent NMC cathode materials. Initial screening experiments evaluated the leaching efficiencies of nine tetrabutylphosphonium-based ILs for Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), and Li(I), revealing distinct metal dissolution behaviors. Three ILs containing HSO4−, EDTA2−, and DTPA3− anions exhibited the highest leaching performance and were selected for further optimization. Key leaching parameters, including IL and acid concentrations, temperature, time, and solid-to-liquid ratio, were systematically adjusted, achieving leaching efficiencies exceeding 90%. Among the tested systems, [TBP][HSO4] enabled near-complete metal dissolution (~100%) even at room temperature. Furthermore, an aqueous biphasic system (ABS) was investigated utilizing [TBP][HSO4] in combination with ammonium sulfate, enabling the complete extraction of all metals into the salt-rich phase while leaving the IL phase metal-free and potentially suitable for reuse, indicating the feasibility of integrating leaching and extraction into a continuous, interconnected process. This approach represents a promising step forward in LIB recycling, highlighting the potential for sustainable and efficient integration of leaching and extraction within established hydrometallurgical frameworks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Processes Based on Ionic Liquids for Advanced Chemical Technologies)
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