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Nanomaterials
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Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
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Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 19516

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lenaic Lartigue

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
Interests: magnetic nanoparticles; nanomagnetism; nano-assemblies; magnetic fluid hyperthermia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetic nanoparticles, including metallic (iron, cobalt), alloy (iron–platinum, iron–cobalt) or iron oxide (magnetite, maghemite or ferrite phase) exhibit a singular property called superparamagnetism. The nanoscale size of these nanoparticles makes their superparamagnetic properties both size- and shape-dependent. In addition to these two parameters, the presence of magnetic interactions between nanoparticles induce a new magnetic state. This is especially true for multicore magnetic nanoassemblies. Multicore nanoassemblies include magnetic nanoparticles embedded or decorating organic, polymer or biological matrices. In these structures, the number of interacting nanoparticles and the distances between them can lead to two new magnetic orders: superspin glass and super(ferro/ferri)-magnetic state. In the first case, the nanoparticles are in dipolar interactions, which induces a strong spin-frustation. The second case is characterized by nanoparticles in exchange coupling, causing a collective magnetic order. This Special Issue of Nanomaterials, “Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications”, aims to highlight how interparticle interactions affect the properties of multicore nanoassemblies labeled for biomedical application. The topic covers a wide range of biomedical applications, including but not limited to magnetic fluid hyperthermia, magnetic resonance imaging, on-demand drug delivery or magnetic particle imaging. The format of the expected contributions includes communications, articles or reviews.

Dr. Lenaic Lartigue
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Magnetic multicore nanoparticles
  • Superferri–superferromagnetic nanoparticles
  • Interparticle magnetic Interaction
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH)
  • Magnetic particle imaging (MPI)
  • On-demand drug delivery systems

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 7467 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Magnetic Hyperthermia Nanoparticle Heating Efficiency with Non-Sinusoidal Alternating Magnetic Field Waveforms
by Michael Zeinoun, Javier Domingo-Diez, Miguel Rodriguez-Garcia, Oscar Garcia, Miroslav Vasic, Milagros Ramos and José Javier Serrano Olmedo
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(12), 3240; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11123240 - 29 Nov 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 2850
Abstract
For decades now, conventional sinusoidal signals have been exclusively used in magnetic hyperthermia as the only alternating magnetic field waveform to excite magnetic nanoparticles. However, there are no theoretical nor experimental reasons that prevent the use of different waveforms. The only justifiable motive [...] Read more.
For decades now, conventional sinusoidal signals have been exclusively used in magnetic hyperthermia as the only alternating magnetic field waveform to excite magnetic nanoparticles. However, there are no theoretical nor experimental reasons that prevent the use of different waveforms. The only justifiable motive behind using the sinusoidal signal is its availability and the facility to produce it. Following the development of a configurable alternating magnetic field generator, we aim to study the effect of various waveforms on the heat production effectiveness of magnetic nanoparticles, seeking to prove that signals with more significant slope values, such as the trapezoidal and almost-square signals, allow the nanoparticles to reach higher efficiency in heat generation. Furthermore, we seek to point out that the nanoparticle power dissipation is dependent on the waveform’s slope and not only the frequency, magnetic field intensity and the nanoparticle size. The experimental results showed a remarkably higher heat production performance of the nanoparticles when exposed to trapezoidal and almost-square signals than conventional sinusoidal signals. We conclude that the nanoparticles respond better to the trapezoidal and almost-square signals. On the other hand, the experimental results were used to calculate the normalized power dissipation value and prove its dependency on the slope. However, adjustments are necessary to the coil before proceeding with in vitro and in vivo studies to handle the magnetic fields required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications)
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12 pages, 3164 KiB  
Article
Reproducibility and Scalability of Magnetic Nanoheater Synthesis
by Jesus G. Ovejero, Alvaro Gallo-Cordova, Alejandro G. Roca, M. P. Morales and Sabino Veintemillas-Verdaguer
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(8), 2059; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11082059 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3011
Abstract
The application of magnetic nanoparticles requires large amounts of materials of reproducible quality. This work explores the scaled-up synthesis of multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles through the use of thermal decomposition in organic media and kilograms of reagents. To this end, we check the [...] Read more.
The application of magnetic nanoparticles requires large amounts of materials of reproducible quality. This work explores the scaled-up synthesis of multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles through the use of thermal decomposition in organic media and kilograms of reagents. To this end, we check the effect of extending the high temperature step from minutes to hours. To address the intrinsic variability of the colloidal crystallization nucleation process, the experiments were repeated and analyzed statistically. Due to the simultaneity of the nuclei growth and agglomeration steps, the nanostructure of the samples produced was a combination of single- and multi-core nanoparticles. The main characteristics of the materials obtained, as well as the reaction yields, were analyzed and compared. As a general rule, yield, particle size, and reproducibility increase when the time at high temperature is prolonged. The samples obtained were ranked in terms of the reproducibility of different structural, colloidal, and magnetic features. The capability of the obtained materials to act as nanoheaters in magnetic hyperthermia was assessed, showing a strong dependence on the crystallite size (calculated by X-ray diffraction), reflecting the nanoparticle volume with a coherent magnetization reversal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications)
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Review

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67 pages, 14442 KiB  
Review
From Single-Core Nanoparticles in Ferrofluids to Multi-Core Magnetic Nanocomposites: Assembly Strategies, Structure, and Magnetic Behavior
by Theodora Krasia-Christoforou, Vlad Socoliuc, Kenneth D. Knudsen, Etelka Tombácz, Rodica Turcu and Ladislau Vékás
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(11), 2178; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112178 - 31 Oct 2020
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 6490
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles are the basic components of the most promising magnetoresponsive nanoparticle systems for medical (diagnosis and therapy) and bio-related applications. Multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles with a high magnetic moment and well-defined size, shape, and functional coating are designed to fulfill the [...] Read more.
Iron oxide nanoparticles are the basic components of the most promising magnetoresponsive nanoparticle systems for medical (diagnosis and therapy) and bio-related applications. Multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles with a high magnetic moment and well-defined size, shape, and functional coating are designed to fulfill the specific requirements of various biomedical applications, such as contrast agents, heating mediators, drug targeting, or magnetic bioseparation. This review article summarizes recent results in manufacturing multi-core magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) systems emphasizing the synthesis procedures, starting from ferrofluids (with single-core MNPs) as primary materials in various assembly methods to obtain multi-core magnetic particles. The synthesis and functionalization will be followed by the results of advanced physicochemical, structural, and magnetic characterization of multi-core particles, as well as single- and multi-core particle size distribution, morphology, internal structure, agglomerate formation processes, and constant and variable field magnetic properties. The review provides a comprehensive insight into the controlled synthesis and advanced structural and magnetic characterization of multi-core magnetic composites envisaged for nanomedicine and biotechnology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications)
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22 pages, 3002 KiB  
Review
Luminophore and Magnetic Multicore Nanoassemblies for Dual-Mode MRI and Fluorescence Imaging
by Lénaïc Lartigue, Marina Coupeau and Mélanie Lesault
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10010028 - 20 Dec 2019
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 6018
Abstract
Nanoassemblies encompass a large variety of systems (organic, crystalline, amorphous and porous). The nanometric size enables these systems to interact with biological entities and cellular organelles of similar dimensions (proteins, cells, …). Over the past 20 years, the exploitation of their singular properties [...] Read more.
Nanoassemblies encompass a large variety of systems (organic, crystalline, amorphous and porous). The nanometric size enables these systems to interact with biological entities and cellular organelles of similar dimensions (proteins, cells, …). Over the past 20 years, the exploitation of their singular properties as contrast agents has led to the improvement of medical imaging. The use of nanoprobes also allows the combination of several active units within the same nanostructure, paving the way to multi-imaging. Thus, the nano-object provides various additional information which helps simplify the number of clinical procedures required. In this review, we are interested in the combination between fluorescent units and magnetic nanoparticles to perform dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescent imaging. The effect of magnetic interaction in multicore iron oxide nanoparticles on the MRI contrast agent properties is highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications)
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