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Biological Activity of Essential Oils, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2026) | Viewed by 1176

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Essential oils have long been associated with ornamental plants with sweet aromas, and thus they are used in aromatherapy. Essential oil components are known to be of terpene origin; thus, some essential oils are composed of hydrocarbons and oxygenated terpenoids. For something to be classified as an essential oil, more than 65% of its composition must be a terpenoid base. Furthermore, research has been able to classify essential oils in terms of their end uses. Thus, we have three major classes of essential oils: those that are used in medicine, as flavorings, and in perfumery. The last two classes relate more to the sensory aroma of the oils and not to their health benefits.

The biological activity of essential oils is a broad continuum which should not be limited to antifungal and antibacterial studies. Some scientists have determined through laboratory experiments that essential oils can be used in postharvest preservation, dental remedies, sedative/central nervous system treatments, and a host of human and agricultural applications. In this Special Issue, we aim to create a scientific compendium of research that describes the various biological uses of essential oils derived from plants and animals and the effect of chemotype and geographical location on their biological activities.

This Special Issue aims to present scientific research on the medicinal potential of essential oils for humans, animals, and crops. 

Prof. Dr. Ryszard Amarowicz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • essential oil extraction and chemical analysis
  • biological potential of essential oils
  • aromatherapy
  • chemotypes (with/without biological potential variation)
  • biofertilizers
  • postharvest preservatives

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Research

14 pages, 540 KB  
Article
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of the Essential Oil from Croton alnifolius Lam.
by Claudia Cruz, Pablo Muñoz, Nixon Cumbicus, Vladimir Morocho and Omar Malagón
Molecules 2026, 31(1), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010061 - 24 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 741
Abstract
This study reports the first chemical characterization of the essential oil of Croton alnifolius. A very low yield of 0.028% ± 0.0012 (w/w) was obtained by steam distillation for 4 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The chemical composition [...] Read more.
This study reports the first chemical characterization of the essential oil of Croton alnifolius. A very low yield of 0.028% ± 0.0012 (w/w) was obtained by steam distillation for 4 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The chemical composition of the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for compound identification and by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC–FID) for quantification. A total of 49 compounds were identified, representing 94.65% of the total oil composition. The chemical profile was dominated by hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (53.11%) and hydrocarbon monoterpenes (32.20%). The major constituents included (E)-caryophyllene (17.42%), α-pinene (14.53%), myrcene (9.51%), germacrene D (9.92%), and β-chamigrene (5.48%). The biological activity of the essential oil was also evaluated: it exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of 1000 μg/mL, strong antioxidant potential in the ABTS assay (SC50 = 28.43 ± 1.0 μg/mL), and moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (61.74 ± 1.02 μg/mL). These results indicate that the unique sesquiterpene rich chemical profile of C. alnifolius contributes to its antioxidant and neuroprotective potential, supporting its relevance as a promising source of bioactive natural products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Activity of Essential Oils, 2nd Edition)
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