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Molecules
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The Bioavailability and Bioactivity of Flavonoids
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The Bioavailability and Bioactivity of Flavonoids

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 6184

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ruifeng Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Interests: dietary flavonoids; dietary fibers; polysaccharides; polyphenols; phytochemistry; bioactivities; food science; functional foods

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flavonoids are a large group of secondary metabolites that occur ubiquitously in natural foods such as vegetables, tea and fruits. It is well known that the abundant dietary flavonoids have a broad spectrum of health-promoting benefits, including the reduction of the risk of chronic diseases via inhibiting the occurrence of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cellular degeneration. Despite a huge number of studies focusing on the biological activity of dietary flavonoids, the following aspects still need further investigation: (1) the effects of gut microbiota on the bioactivity of dietary flavonoids; (2) the effects of other dietary components such as dietary fiber on the bioactivity and metabolism of flavonoids; and (3) the influence of the chemical structure of flavonoids on their metabolism and bioactivity.

We invite you to submit manuscripts focusing on the bioactivity (anti-inflammation, antioxidant, alleviation of chronic diseases, etc.), absorption, and metabolism of dietary flavonoids. The nutritional aspects of flavonoids intake (from absorption and metabolism to functional foods/nutraceuticals) are also of interest.

Prof. Dr. Ruifeng Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dietary flavonoids
  • bioactivity
  • health benefits
  • absorption and metabolism
  • bioavailability
  • gut microbiota

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3416 KiB  
Article
Effect of Phenolic Compounds from Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. Leaves on Micellar Solubility of Cholesterol
by Sandrine Da Ressurreição, Sónia Pedreiro, Maria Teresa Batista and Artur Figueirinha
Molecules 2022, 27(21), 7338; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217338 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2719
Abstract
Dyslipidemias are one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death and hospitalization worldwide. One way to control cholesterol levels is to control the exogenous cholesterol intake in the body. Natural polyphenolic compounds, namely theaflavins from plant extracts such [...] Read more.
Dyslipidemias are one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death and hospitalization worldwide. One way to control cholesterol levels is to control the exogenous cholesterol intake in the body. Natural polyphenolic compounds, namely theaflavins from plant extracts such as black tea, showed the ability to inhibit the formation of the micellar structure, essential for the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine. There are several methodologies to determine this effect, many of which are expensive and time-consuming. Due to these facts, the main purposes of this work were to optimize an inexpensive colorimetric method to study, in vitro, the micellar solubility of cholesterol and applied it to plant extracts. In this work, Cymbopogon citratus leaf extracts, its phenolic fractions, and flavonoids were evaluated. The non-delipidified infusion (CcI) obtained a maximum percentage of micelle destruction of 59.22% for a concentration of 50 μg/mL and the delipidified infusion (CcdI) obtained a maximum percentage of micelle destruction of 58.01% for a concentration of 200 μg/mL. In the case of the fraction of phenolic acids (CcPAs), 23.85% of maximum micellar destruction was recorded for the concentration of 100 μg/mL, while for the fraction of flavonoids (CcF), the micellar destruction was 92.74% at 1 μg/mL, and for the tannin fraction (CcT) of 99.45% at 25 μg/mL. Luteolin presented a percentage of micelle destruction of 94.83% in the concentration of 1 ng/mL, followed by luteolin-7-O-glucoside with 93.71% and luteo-lin-6-C-glucoside with 91.26% at the concentrations of 25 ng/mL and 50 ng/mL, respectively. These results suggest the capability of polyphenols from Cymbopogon citratus to prevent the cholesterol absorption in the gut by micellar destruction, and its contribution for cholesterol-lowering activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Bioavailability and Bioactivity of Flavonoids)
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23 pages, 2948 KiB  
Article
Vietnamese Dalbergia tonkinensis: A Promising Source of Mono- and Bifunctional Vasodilators
by Nguyen Manh Cuong, Ninh The Son, Ngu Truong Nhan, Yoshiyasu Fukuyama, Amer Ahmed, Simona Saponara, Alfonso Trezza, Beatrice Gianibbi, Ginevra Vigni, Ottavia Spiga and Fabio Fusi
Molecules 2022, 27(14), 4505; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144505 - 14 Jul 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2819
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. In the search for new molecules capable of targeting KCa1.1 and CaV1.2 channels, the expression of which is altered [...] Read more.
Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. In the search for new molecules capable of targeting KCa1.1 and CaV1.2 channels, the expression of which is altered in hypertension, the in vitro vascular effects of a series of flavonoids extracted from the heartwoods, roots, and leaves of Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain, widely used in traditional medicine, were assessed. Rat aorta rings, tail artery myocytes, and docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to analyse their effect on these channels. Formononetin, orobol, pinocembrin, and biochanin A showed a marked myorelaxant activity, particularly in rings stimulated by moderate rather than high KCl concentrations. Ba2+ currents through CaV1.2 channels (IBa1.2) were blocked in a concentration-dependent manner by sativanone, 3′-O-methylviolanone, pinocembrin, and biochanin A, while it was stimulated by ambocin. Sativanone, dalsissooside, and eriodictyol inhibited, while tectorigenin 7-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside], ambocin, butin, and biochanin A increased IKCa1.1. In silico analyses showed that biochanin A, sativanone, and pinocembrin bound with high affinity in target-sensing regions of both channels, providing insight into their potential mechanism of action. In conclusion, Dalbergia tonkinensis is a valuable source of mono- and bifunctional, vasoactive scaffolds for the development of novel antihypertensive drugs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Bioavailability and Bioactivity of Flavonoids)
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