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Metals
Special Issues
Phase Transformation and Precipitation Behaviour in Microalloyed Steels
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Phase Transformation and Precipitation Behaviour in Microalloyed Steels

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Casting, Forming and Heat Treatment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2023) | Viewed by 5744

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zhenqiang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: microalloyed steels; transformation; precipitation; thermodynamics and kinetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Steels for modern structural applications are required to have high strength in order to satisfy the demands for the weight-saving and downsizing of structural parts without performance degradation. Microalloyed steels, as important structural steels, are being produced massively and applied in many fields, such as automobiles, construction, machinery, shipbuilding, etc. In order to further improve the mechanical properties of microalloyed steels, numerous research works have been performed on the phase transformation and precipitation behaviors of these steels in the past several decades. 

This Special Issue covers the various aspects concerning phase transformation and precipitation behavior in microalloyed steels. Original research works on the phase transformation and precipitation behavior during the thermomechanical processing of microalloyed steels are sought. Works aiming to clarify the effect of microalloyed carbide or carbonitride precipitation on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties are welcomed. This Special Issue also seek papers that employ theory and/or simulation (or numerical methods) in thermodynamics and kinetics that advance our understanding of the phase transformation and precipitation behaviors of microalloyed steels. Moreover, review papers on the recent progress in the investigation and application of microalloying technologies in steels are welcomed.

Dr. Zhenqiang Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microalloyed steel
  • phase transformation
  • precipitation
  • thermodynamics and kinetics
  • theory and simulation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 10339 KiB  
Article
Correlation between Precipitation and Recrystallisation during Stress Relaxation in Titanium Microalloyed Steel
by Qifan Zhang, Xiangdong Huo, Liejun Li, Songjun Chen and Chao Lu
Metals 2022, 12(11), 1920; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12111920 - 09 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1226
Abstract
This study investigated the correlation between strain-induced precipitation (SIP) and static recrystallisation (SRX) in Ti microalloyed steel during stress relaxation after controlled compression. The final compression temperature strongly influenced the order of SIP and SRX and thus the evolution of the austenite structure. [...] Read more.
This study investigated the correlation between strain-induced precipitation (SIP) and static recrystallisation (SRX) in Ti microalloyed steel during stress relaxation after controlled compression. The final compression temperature strongly influenced the order of SIP and SRX and thus the evolution of the austenite structure. Precipitation-time-temperature (PTT) curve obtained for the experimental steel exhibited an inverted “S” shape. A recrystallisation kinetics model revealed that SRX, which occurs preferentially above 940 °C, resulted in delayed subsequent SIP, thus causing deviation in the PTT curve from the typical ‘C’ shape. Below 940 °C, the fastest nose temperature for precipitation was located at 900 °C, and the precipitate was constituted by TiC particles with a NaCl-type FCC structure. The dynamic competition between SIP and SRX processes were evaluated by comparing the relative magnitude of the recrystallisation driving force and precipitation pinning force during stress relaxation, combined with the evolution of precipitate and austenitic structure. The results indicated that the plateau period occurred because of the precipitation pinning effect inhibited recrystallisation-induced austenite softening. However, the non-uniform distribution of SIP restricted the mobility of the boundaries to a portion of the austenite grains, resulting in abnormal grain growth during the plateau period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transformation and Precipitation Behaviour in Microalloyed Steels)
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15 pages, 7464 KiB  
Article
Post-Rolling Cooling Phase Transformation and Microstructure of High-Strength Anti-Seismic Rebars with Different Solute Nb and Austenite Microstructure
by Xing Liu, Jianchun Cao, Wei Chen, Weiqiang Zhang, Yongqing Zhang, Shubiao Yin and Aimin Guo
Metals 2022, 12(10), 1734; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101734 - 16 Oct 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1116
Abstract
Three types of 20MnSiNb high-strength anti-seismic steels with different solute niobium and austenite microstructural characteristics were obtained through thermal simulation experiments which involved changing the reheating temperature and finish-rolling temperature; the dynamic CCT curve, microstructure transformation, precipitates and hardness of the steels were [...] Read more.
Three types of 20MnSiNb high-strength anti-seismic steels with different solute niobium and austenite microstructural characteristics were obtained through thermal simulation experiments which involved changing the reheating temperature and finish-rolling temperature; the dynamic CCT curve, microstructure transformation, precipitates and hardness of the steels were also studied. The results show that the ability of solute Nb to refine austenite grains is stronger than that of undissolved Nb. Lowering the reheating temperature and finish-rolling temperature can refine the prior austenite microstructure and keep the deformed austenite after hot rolling, respectively, and make the dynamic CCT curve move to the upper left, which promotes the formation of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite, and inhibits the formation of bainite at low cooling rates. The increase in solute Nb and the deformed austenite grains effectively promote the precipitation of Nb-containing precipitates during the cooling process after rolling, and improve the precipitation strengthening effect of Nb. This research provides a theoretical basis for the production of Nb microalloyed high-strength anti-seismic rebars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transformation and Precipitation Behaviour in Microalloyed Steels)
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10 pages, 4061 KiB  
Article
Effect of Tungsten Addition on Continuous Cooling Transformation and Precipitation Behavior of a High Titanium Microalloyed Steel
by Zhenqiang Wang, Dongshen Huo, Yanyuan Zhou, Guoying Sui and Fengchun Jiang
Metals 2022, 12(10), 1649; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101649 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1307
Abstract
Effects of tungsten addition on the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) characteristics and precipitation behavior of a high titanium microalloyed steel were investigated by dilatometry, optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and hardness measurements. The results showed that the ranges of transformation products [...] Read more.
Effects of tungsten addition on the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) characteristics and precipitation behavior of a high titanium microalloyed steel were investigated by dilatometry, optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and hardness measurements. The results showed that the ranges of transformation products were moved to the right side of the CCT diagram when the 0.4% W was added. Accordingly, the following observations were made: (i) the ferrite phase transformation was shifted to the side of lower cooling rates and reduced temperatures; (ii) the bainite phase transformation region ran throughout the whole cooling rate range studied. Addition of W had a positive effect on the particle size refinement and number density increase of the precipitates. At the low cooling rates, in the range of <14 °C/s, W addition shifted the precipitation hardening peak to the low cooling rate side as the ferrite transformation induced stronger precipitation strengthening than the bainite one. Furthermore, the effect of W addition on phase transformation strengthening was obvious (increase in hardness: ~40Hv) at the high cooling rate range, over 14 °C/s. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transformation and Precipitation Behaviour in Microalloyed Steels)
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12 pages, 84387 KiB  
Article
Influences of Strain on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Carbon Steel
by Zhen Cai, Xiaolong Gan, Yanqi Li, Sheng Liu, Siqian Bao and Guang Xu
Metals 2022, 12(9), 1518; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12091518 - 14 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1275
Abstract
The effects of strain on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 0.81C-0.22Si-0.31Mn (wt%) high-carbon steel were investigated by thermal simulation, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and an electron backscatter diffractometer (EBSD). It was found that when the steel was deformed [...] Read more.
The effects of strain on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 0.81C-0.22Si-0.31Mn (wt%) high-carbon steel were investigated by thermal simulation, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and an electron backscatter diffractometer (EBSD). It was found that when the steel was deformed at 670 °C (a temperature between A1 and Ar1), a deformation-induced pearlite transformation and cementite spheroidization occurred. The volume fraction of pearlite and the spheroidization ratio of cementite increased with a strain increase from 20% to 75%. The microstructure mainly consisted of pearlite when the deformation strain exceeded 40%. The aspect ratio was at its maximum (5.3) at 40% strain and decreased to 1.4 at 75% strain. In addition, the strength of the steel decreased and the elongation increased rapidly with the increase in strain from 20% to 60% due to the spheroidization of cementite. However, as the strain further increased to 75%, the strength increased slightly due to the refinement of the ferrite matrix. The comprehensive performance of the investigated steel can be improved by applying a strain between A1 and Ar1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transformation and Precipitation Behaviour in Microalloyed Steels)
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