Structure and Properties of Refractory Medium/High-Entropy Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Entropic Alloys and Meta-Metals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 May 2025 | Viewed by 907

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: refractory high-entropy alloys; medium- and high-entropy alloys; mechanical properties; dynamic mechanical properties; microstructure characteristic; aluminum alloys; mechanical behavior of materials; heat treatment; scanning electron microscopy

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Guest Editor
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
Interests: material characterization; materials microstructure; advanced materials; X-ray diffraction; mechanical properties; materials testing; mechanical behavior of materials; heat treatment; irradiation experiments; high entropy alloys; scanning electron microscopy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is an urgent need for new high-performance structural materials capable of withstanding extreme conditions, as current materials fall short in meeting the advanced requirements of high-temperature applications. These applications span various sectors, including ballistic impact resistance, aircraft engine components, materials operating under extreme conditions, and aerospace technologies. The global research focus has been on developing high-temperature structural materials that offer superior mechanical strength, wear resistance, irradiation tolerance, and corrosion resistance under harsh environments.

Multicomponent alloys, particularly refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs), have emerged as promising candidates for such demanding applications due to their potential to resist high-temperature damage. Recent studies have demonstrated that certain medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) and RHEAs exhibit exceptional properties, combining high strength and toughness with outstanding resistance to corrosion, irradiation, and extreme temperatures and pressures. The performances of these alloys can be further enhanced through the incorporation of specialized elements and the adoption of advanced fabrication techniques, such as additive manufacturing, 3D printing, directional solidification, laser–plasma-driven routes, and high-energy electron beam platforms.

This Special Issue will explore newly designed structural materials, specifically RHEAs and MEAs, that excel in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures, high pressures, severe corrosion, significant wear, high strain rate impacts, and elevated levels of irradiation damage. We invite authors to submit their latest research findings and reviews, contributing to the acceleration of these materials’ industrial implementation.

Dr. Muhammad Abubaker Khan
Dr. Jamieson Brechtl
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • refractory high-entropy alloys
  • high-entropy alloys
  • medium-entropy alloys
  • additively manufactured alloys
  • mechanical properties
  • dynamic mechanical properties
  • friction and wear resistance
  • high-temperature strength and ductility
  • microstructure characterization
  • corrosion resistance

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 6626 KiB  
Article
High Strength–Ductility Synergy of As-Cast B2-Containing AlNbTaTiZr Refractory High-Entropy Alloy Under Intermediate and Dynamic Strain Rates
by Hashim Naseer, Yangwei Wang, Muhammad Abubaker Khan, Jamieson Brechtl and Mohamed A. Afifi
Metals 2025, 15(3), 249; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15030249 - 26 Feb 2025
Viewed by 695
Abstract
Understanding the mechanical behavior of materials under various strain-rate regimes is critical for many scientific and engineering applications. Accordingly, this study investigates the strain-rate-dependent compressive mechanical behavior of B2-containing (TiZrNb)79.5(TaAl)20.5 refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) at room temperature. The RHEA is [...] Read more.
Understanding the mechanical behavior of materials under various strain-rate regimes is critical for many scientific and engineering applications. Accordingly, this study investigates the strain-rate-dependent compressive mechanical behavior of B2-containing (TiZrNb)79.5(TaAl)20.5 refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) at room temperature. The RHEA is prepared by vacuum arc melting and is tested over intermediate (1.0 × 10−1 s−1, 1.0 s−1) and dynamic (1.0 × 103 s−1, 2.0 × 103 s−1, 2.8 × 103 s−1, 3.2 × 103 s−1, and 3.5 × 103 s−1) strain rates. The alloy characterized as hybrid body-centered-cubic (BCC)/B2 nanostructure reveals an exceptional yield strength (YS) of ~1437 MPa and a fracture strain exceeding 90% at an intermediate (1.0 s−1) strain rate. The YS increases to ~1797 MPa under dynamic strain-rate (3.2 × 103 s−1) loadings, which is a ~25 % improvement in strength compared with the deformation at the intermediate strain rate. Microstructural analysis of the deformed specimens reveals the severity of dislocation activity with strain and strain rate that evolves from fine dislocation bands to the formation of localized adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) at the strain rate 3.5 × 103 s−1. Consequently, the RHEA fracture features mixed ductile–brittle morphology. Overall, the RHEA exhibits excellent strength–ductility synergy over a wide strain-rate domain. The study enhances understanding of the strain-rate-dependent mechanical behavior of B2-containing RHEA, which is significant for alloy processes and impact resistance applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Refractory Medium/High-Entropy Alloys)
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