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Surface Engineering in Materials (2nd Edition)
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Surface Engineering in Materials (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Thin Films and Interfaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 3884

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Maria Richert

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Management, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow Gramatyka 10, 30-067 Krakow, Poland
Interests: metals; surface engineering; nanomaterials; heat treatment; aluminum alloys; management and risk in metal industry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Surface engineering is present in almost all areas of the economy. Due to the constant demand for various types of protective, decorative, wear-resistant and other coatings, numerous studies are carried out on the improvement of coating deposition techniques, and the mechanisms of their production are investigated. The search for new solutions in surface engineering is the driving force behind the innovative development of coatings in the automotive and aerospace sectors. This Special Issue covers all aspects related to surface engineering. It focuses on innovative solutions for the improvement and protection of surfaces, anti-corrosion coatings, surfaces covered with various types of coatings, produced by both conventional and unconventional methods and techniques. The presented solutions may also relate to the techniques of coating deposition or surface treatment, or to the protection of surfaces against wear or corrosion. The presented research may concern topics such as decorative surfaces, mechanical treatment and surface strengthening. Issues explaining the mechanisms of the formation of layers, coatings and other surface phenomena will be gladly accepted. All works including not only surface tests of products but also tools will be accepted. In particular, we encourage you to present the results of application or potentially application importance. Circular economy and risk in surface technologies may be the subject of studies, in particular the recovery of rare metals and the risks associated with harvesting them.

Prof. Dr. Maria Richert
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • structure and phase composition of surface layers
  • surface residual stresses
  • wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance
  • wettability, biocompatibility
  • forming the properties of metal surfaces
  • composite and ceramic details
  • durability and reliability of surfaces
  • surface heat treatment, nitriding
  • over manufacturing methods, PVD, CVD, thermal spraying
  • surface protection, painting, anodizing
  • mechanisms of coating
  • circular economy and risk in surface technologies

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 5671 KiB  
Article
Stability of the Soft Sparking State in the Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Process
by Stanisław Pietrzyk and Wojciech Gębarowski
Materials 2025, 18(5), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18050989 - 24 Feb 2025
Viewed by 322
Abstract
Soft sparking is a phenomenon observed during plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) performed under alternating current (AC) conditions. It is directly associated with the presence of cathodic polarization during the oxidation process, contributing to enhanced functional coating properties. However, the role of cathodic current [...] Read more.
Soft sparking is a phenomenon observed during plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) performed under alternating current (AC) conditions. It is directly associated with the presence of cathodic polarization during the oxidation process, contributing to enhanced functional coating properties. However, the role of cathodic current in oxide-layer formation remains ambiguous. This study presents findings suggesting that soft sparking is a dynamic equilibrium state occurring within a certain stability window, primarily governed by the anodic to cathodic charge ratio in AC cycles. By analyzing soft-sparking behavior under varying cathodic-to-anodic charge ratios, frequency, cathodic pulse duty cycles, and alkalinity of electrolytes, the proposal of a mechanism underlying this process is presented. The authors suggest that the soft-sparking state may be linked to the formation of active sites during cathodic polarization and their subsequent suppression during anodic polarization. This occurs due to oxidation and deposition of Al(OH)3, facilitated by localized OH− ion accumulation in these regions. Additionally, the restricted diffusion of water molecules toward the substrate may play a crucial role in sustaining the soft-sparking state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Engineering in Materials (2nd Edition))
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17 pages, 13526 KiB  
Article
Thermal Barrier Coating on Diamond Particles for the SPS Sintering of the Diamond–ZrO2 Composite
by Lucyna Jaworska, Michał Stępień, Małgorzata Witkowska, Tomasz Skrzekut, Piotr Noga, Marcin Podsiadło, Dorota Tyrała, Janusz Konstanty and Karolina Kapica
Materials 2025, 18(4), 869; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18040869 - 17 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 557
Abstract
The aim of this work was to obtain a protective ZrO2 coating on diamond particles, which was to protect diamond from oxidation and graphitization, enabling sintering of diamond at higher temperatures and lower pressures than its thermodynamic stability in atmospheric conditions. The [...] Read more.
The aim of this work was to obtain a protective ZrO2 coating on diamond particles, which was to protect diamond from oxidation and graphitization, enabling sintering of diamond at higher temperatures and lower pressures than its thermodynamic stability in atmospheric conditions. The coatings were obtained by mixing diamond with zirconium and oxidizing in air or oxygen. Mixtures of diamond and 80 wt% zirconium were sintered by SPS method at temperatures of 1250 °C and 1450 °C. To stabilize the tetragonal structure of ZrO2, 3 mol% Y2O3 was added to zirconium before the milling process. The composition of powder phases, morphology, and microstructures of sintered materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Diffraction studies show the presence of zirconium monoclinic and tetragonal oxides in coatings, after oxidation in air, and in oxygen. Oxidation in oxygen flow is possible for lower temperatures (75 °C), which results in the presence of unreacted zirconium. In ZrO2 doped with yttria after the oxidation process in oxygen, there is no monoclinic ZrO2. It is possible to sinter the ZrO2–diamond composite at 1250 °C using the spark plasma sintering method without graphitization of the diamond. The sintered material consists of monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO2 structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Engineering in Materials (2nd Edition))
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Review

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28 pages, 14019 KiB  
Review
Surface Quality as a Factor Affecting the Functionality of Products Manufactured with Metal and 3D Printing Technologies
by Maria Richert, Marek Dudek and Dariusz Sala
Materials 2024, 17(21), 5371; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17215371 - 2 Nov 2024
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2659
Abstract
Surface engineering is one of the most extensive industries. Virtually all areas of the economy benefit from the achievements of surface engineering. Surface quality affects the quality of finished products as well as the quality of manufactured parts. It affects both functional qualities [...] Read more.
Surface engineering is one of the most extensive industries. Virtually all areas of the economy benefit from the achievements of surface engineering. Surface quality affects the quality of finished products as well as the quality of manufactured parts. It affects both functional qualities and esthetics. Surface quality affects the image and reputation of a brand. This is particularly true for cars and household appliances. Surface modification of products is also aimed at improving their functional and protective properties. This applies to surfaces for producing hydrophobic surfaces, anti-wear protection of friction pairs, corrosion protection, and others. Metal technologies and 3D printing benefit from surface technologies that improve their functionality and facilitate the operation of products. Surface engineering offers a range of different coating and layering methods from varnishing and painting to sophisticated nanometric coatings. This paper presents an overview of selected surface engineering issues pertaining to metal products, with a particular focus on surface modification of products manufactured by 3D printing technology. It evaluates the impact of the surface quality of products on their functional and performance qualities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Engineering in Materials (2nd Edition))
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