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Modification and Performance of Novel Cementitious Materials
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Modification and Performance of Novel Cementitious Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Construction and Building Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2023) | Viewed by 8722

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ning Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
Interests: alkali-activated cements; industrial wastes utilization and management; CO2 utilization in cement and concrete; rheology of Portland and alterative cements and concretes; concrete durability assessment and improvement

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To face the increasing demand for new infrastructures and to fulfill the need for maintenance and restoration of the existing structures, the construction industry itself has to evolve and resort to novel low-impact materials and processes. Many novel cementitious materials were developed and used in different industries, such as UHPC, geopolymers, CO2 bonded concrete, magnesium cement, some non-Portland cements, etc. The relationship of their composition, microstructure, and properties has been under intensive study in recent decades. Some of these novel cements show many special and interesting properties that could be useful to satisfy the increasingly demanding requirements on mechanical and durability properties of infrastructures under heavy loads built in severe environments. This Special Issue aims to collect the most recent research advances on the modification and performance of such materials in order to provide a better understanding of their micro- and macro-structural properties and to promote their possible use in the construction industry. This Special Issue may be very useful for the readers to gain a greater understanding of novel cementitious materials. For the authors, this issue will be a good opportunity for publication after peer review by expert researchers in cementitious materials. Review articles by experts in the field will also be welcome.

Dr. Ning Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • innovative and/or green cementitious materials
  • alkali-activated materials
  • CO2-bonded concrete
  • ultra-high performance concrete
  • manufacturing process
  • microstructure characterization
  • durability and environmental impact
  • structural performances
  • sustainability

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4140 KiB  
Article
Study on the Mechanical Properties of Cast-In-Situ Phosphogypsum as Building Material for Structural Walls
by Qizhu Yang, Ze Xiang, Taoyong Liu, Changqing Deng and Huagang Zhang
Materials 2023, 16(4), 1481; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041481 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1173
Abstract
The application of cast-in-situ phosphogypsum as the wall material of building structures can greatly reduce the environmental pollution caused by phosphogypsum. Through the uniaxial compression test of cast-in-situ phosphogypsum specimens, the compressive strength of cast-in-situ phosphogypsum is determined, the constitutive relationship of the [...] Read more.
The application of cast-in-situ phosphogypsum as the wall material of building structures can greatly reduce the environmental pollution caused by phosphogypsum. Through the uniaxial compression test of cast-in-situ phosphogypsum specimens, the compressive strength of cast-in-situ phosphogypsum is determined, the constitutive relationship of the material is drawn up, and the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the material are determined. The results show that when the strain of the specimen is close to the peak strain, the cast-in-situ phosphogypsum has brittle properties and rapidly fails, where the failure state is mainly splitting failure. The retarder has a great influence on the peak stress. When the content of the retarder is about 0.3%, the peak stress is 8.6 MPa and the ultimate strain is 2.54 × 10−3, while the peak stress is 2.8 MPa and the ultimate strain is 2.01 × 10−3. The three segment constitutive fitted equations reflect all the characteristics of the compression specimen. When the strength of the cast-in-situ phosphogypsum is high, the elastic modulus is also high. When the content of the retarder is about 0.3%, the elastic modulus is 5300 MPa, and when the content of retarder is far greater than 0.3%, the elastic modulus is 2000 MPa. The Poisson’s ratio of material is recommended as 0.19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modification and Performance of Novel Cementitious Materials)
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19 pages, 6324 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Concrete Shrinkage Reducing Additives
by Martynas Statkauskas, Audrius GRINYS and Danutė Vaičiukynienė
Materials 2022, 15(9), 3407; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15093407 - 09 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1554
Abstract
This paper analyzes the efficiency of shrinkage reducing additives for the shrinkage deformations of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete and its mechanical properties. OPC concrete was modified with an organic compound-based shrinkage reducing additive (SRA), quicklime, polypropylene fiber, and hemp fiber. It was [...] Read more.
This paper analyzes the efficiency of shrinkage reducing additives for the shrinkage deformations of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete and its mechanical properties. OPC concrete was modified with an organic compound-based shrinkage reducing additive (SRA), quicklime, polypropylene fiber, and hemp fiber. It was found that a combination of 2.5% quicklime and 1.5% SRA led to the highest reduction in shrinkage deformations in concrete, and the values of shrinkage reached up to 40.0%. On the contrary, compositions with 1.5% SRA were found to have a significant reduction in compressive strength after 100 freeze-thaw cycles. Hemp fiber did not show a significant shrinkage reduction, but it is an environmentally friendly additive, which can improve OPC concrete flexural strength. Polypropylene fiber can be used in conjunction with shrinkage reducing additives to improve other mechanical properties of concrete. It was observed that 3.0 kg/m3 of polypropylene fiber in concrete could increase flexural strength by 11.7%. Moreover, before degradation, concrete with polypropylene fiber shows high fracture energy and decent residual strength of 1.9 MPa when a 3.5 mm crack appears. The tests showed a compressive strength decrease in all compositions with shrinkage reducing additives and its combinations after 28 days of hardening. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modification and Performance of Novel Cementitious Materials)
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21 pages, 6742 KiB  
Article
Experimental Mechanical Properties and Numerical Simulation of C80 Concrete with Different Contents of Stone Powder
by Hongmei Wu, Kai Liu, Fang Yang, Bo Shen, Kejian Ma, Jiyang Zhang and Bo Liu
Materials 2022, 15(9), 3282; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15093282 - 03 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1640
Abstract
In this paper, we show the influence of stone powder content on the mechanical properties of concrete by experiments and numerical simulations. In numerical simulation, this paper proposed a method whereby the stone powder in the numerical simulation of concrete is considered by [...] Read more.
In this paper, we show the influence of stone powder content on the mechanical properties of concrete by experiments and numerical simulations. In numerical simulation, this paper proposed a method whereby the stone powder in the numerical simulation of concrete is considered by the mechanical performances of mortar with the stone powder. The results of numerical models established based on inclusion theory and random aggregate distribution were basically consistent with the experiment, which indicated that the simulation method of concrete under different stone powder was feasible. In the range of stone powder content from 0% to 15%, the model based on inclusion theory is very close to the experimental results, and the model based on 2D random aggregate distribution is closer to the experimental value once the stone powder content is 7%. The research showed that with increased stone powder, cubic compressive strength had greater dispersion between the simulation and the experiment; axial compressive and split tensile strength reached the best levels at 5%. The best stone powder content was 5% for C80 high-strength concrete by comprehensively considering concrete’s consistency and its mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modification and Performance of Novel Cementitious Materials)
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16 pages, 7369 KiB  
Article
Test and Microstructural Analysis of a Steel Slag Cement-Based Material Using the Response Surface Method
by Xuanshuo Zhang, Hongbo Li, Sheng Li, Yongfa Ding, Hubiao Zhang, Yufei Tong and Shudong Hua
Materials 2022, 15(9), 3114; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15093114 - 25 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1412
Abstract
In this study, the silica fume replacement rate, fly ash replacement rate, and curing temperature were regarded as the independent variables, and the compressive and flexural strengths were regarded as the response values. The response surface method was used to construct the response [...] Read more.
In this study, the silica fume replacement rate, fly ash replacement rate, and curing temperature were regarded as the independent variables, and the compressive and flexural strengths were regarded as the response values. The response surface method was used to construct the response surface polynomial regression model and obtain the optimal preparation parameters of a steel slag cement-based gel slurry (SCGS). The univariate and multivariate effects on the SCGS’s strength were investigated via analysis of variance and a three-dimensional surface model, and the hydration products and strength development law were characterized via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The actual compressive strengths at 3 and 28 d of age were 31.78 and 53.94 MPa, respectively, which were close to the predicted values (32.59 and 55.81 MPa, respectively), demonstrating that the optimized strengths were accurate and reliable. Further, the hydration reaction rate of SiO2 in the silica fume and the physical filling effect of the inert components of fly ash and steel slag under the optimal parameters were the key factors for the early strength of the material. Moreover, continuous C3S hydration in steel slag and the continuous excitation of the volcanic ash properties of fly ash were important factors for the later strength. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modification and Performance of Novel Cementitious Materials)
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17 pages, 4676 KiB  
Article
Effect of Slag on the Strength and Shrinkage Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers
by Jianghuai Zhan, Hongbo Li, Qun Pan, Zhenyun Cheng, Huang Li and Bo Fu
Materials 2022, 15(8), 2944; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082944 - 18 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2113
Abstract
Metakaolin-based geopolymers possess excellent corrosion and high-temperature resistance, which are advantageous compared to ordinary Portland cement. The addition of slag in metakaolin-based geopolymers is a promising approach to improve their mechanical properties. Thus, this study investigated the effect of slag content on the [...] Read more.
Metakaolin-based geopolymers possess excellent corrosion and high-temperature resistance, which are advantageous compared to ordinary Portland cement. The addition of slag in metakaolin-based geopolymers is a promising approach to improve their mechanical properties. Thus, this study investigated the effect of slag content on the strength and shrinkage properties of metakaolin-based geopolymers. Increasing the slag content and Na2O content was beneficial to the reaction of alkali-activated metakaolin-based geopolymers, thereby improving their compressive strength and density. After 56 days of aging, a maximum compressive strength of 86.1 MPa was achieved for a metakaolin-based geopolymer with a slag content of 50 mass%. When the Na2O content was 12%, the compressive strength of the metakaolin geopolymers with a slag content of 30% was 42.36% higher than those with a Na2O content of 8%. However, as the slag and alkali contents increased, the reaction rate of the metakaolin-based geopolymers increased, which significantly decreased the porosity, increased the shrinkage, and decreased the volumetric stability of the system. In this paper, in-depth study of the volume stability of alkali-activated metakaolin-based geopolymers plays an important role in further understanding, controlling, and utilizing the deformation behavior of geopolymers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modification and Performance of Novel Cementitious Materials)
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