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Machine Learning in Cement-Based Materials: Advances and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Construction and Building Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2024) | Viewed by 1650

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cement-based material (CBM) constitutes a type of basic building material that is widely used internationally, with a global annual production of about 4.1 billion tons. Taking Australia as an example, approximately AUD 75 billion has been allocated to the development of infrastructure over the next ten years, such as new airports, tunnels, bridges, etc. The application of CBM plays an important role in the construction industry and has become an indispensable substance for economic development.

However, the production of cement is usually energy-intensive. The production of one ton of cement causes approximately 900 kg of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Globally, cement companies emit nearly 2 billion tons of CO2 during production per year (about 6 to 7% of the planet's total CO2 emissions). At this rate, the cement industry will emit 3.5 billion tons of CO2 per year by 2025, which is approximately equal to the current European total emissions (including the transport and energy industries). The massive emissions of CO2 are significantly affecting global climate change and threatening sustainable human development. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of cement while maintaining the function of CBM is a key objective for the cement industry.

In recent years, new advanced techniques like machine learning (ML) have been developed and applied effectively to many CBM problems. By embracing ML techniques, more cost-effective CBM designs can be achieved in a timely manner, which is likely to reshape the entire CBM industry. Many new hybrid and advanced AI techniques are being proposed. The development and application of these ML techniques in CBM should be explored with new case studies.

The main objective of the Special Issue is to collect state-of-the-art research findings on the latest developments and challenges in the field of CBM. High-quality original research papers that present theoretical frameworks, methodologies, and the application of case studies from a single- or cross-country perspective are welcome, as well as review articles.

Prof. Dr. Chongchong Qi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cement-based materials
  • concrete
  • construction industry
  • machine learning
  • artificial intelligence
  • data mining

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

32 pages, 21034 KiB  
Article
Performance Characterization and Composition Design Using Machine Learning and Optimal Technology for Slag–Desulfurization Gypsum-Based Alkali-Activated Materials
by Xinyi Liu, Hao Liu, Zhiqing Wang, Xiaoyu Zang, Jiaolong Ren and Hongbo Zhao
Materials 2024, 17(14), 3540; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143540 - 17 Jul 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1270
Abstract
Fly ash–slag-based alkali-activated materials have excellent mechanical performance and a low carbon footprint, and they have emerged as a promising alternative to Portland cement. Therefore, replacing traditional Portland cement with slag–desulfurization gypsum-based alkali-activated materials will help to make better use of the waste, [...] Read more.
Fly ash–slag-based alkali-activated materials have excellent mechanical performance and a low carbon footprint, and they have emerged as a promising alternative to Portland cement. Therefore, replacing traditional Portland cement with slag–desulfurization gypsum-based alkali-activated materials will help to make better use of the waste, protect the environment, and improve the materials’ performance. In order to better understand it and thus better use it in engineering, it needs to be characterized for performance and compositional design. This study developed a novel framework for performance characterization and composition design by combining Categorical Gradient Boosting (CatBoost), simplicial homology global optimization (SHGO), and laboratory tests. The CatBoost characterization model was evaluated and discussed based on SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAPs) and a partial dependence plot (PDP). Through the proposed framework, the optimal composition of the slag–desulfurization gypsum-based alkali-activated materials with the maximum flexural strength and compressive strength at 1, 3, and 7 days is Ca(OH)2: 3.1%, fly ash: 2.6%, DG: 0.53%, alkali: 4.3%, modulus: 1.18, and W/G: 0.49. Compared with the material composition obtained from the traditional experiment, the actual flexural strength and compressive strength at 1, 3, and 7 days increased by 26.67%, 6.45%, 9.64%, 41.89%, 9.77%, and 7.18%, respectively. In addition, the results of the optimal composition obtained by laboratory tests are very close to the predictions of the developed framework, which shows that CatBoost characterizes the performance well based on test data. The developed framework provides a reasonable, scientific, and helpful way to characterize the performance and determine the optimal composition for civil materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning in Cement-Based Materials: Advances and Applications)
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