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Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application
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Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2024) | Viewed by 10924

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tomasz Strachowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Graphene and Composites Research Group, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: chemical synthesis; nanomaterials; flake graphene synthesis; material characterization; BET and porosity analysis
Dr. Laura Madalina Cursaru

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, 102 Biruintei Bv., 077145 Pantelimon, Romania
Interests: nanostructured materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Functional nanomaterials represent one of the most promising classes of new materials, being at the nanoscale. These materials, thanks to their unique structural structure, possess a range of physicochemical properties, such as optical, mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties.

This Special Issue will discuss methods of synthesizing nanoparticles and their potential applications. Preparation methods, fabrication processes and nanoparticle characterization methods (SEM/EDS, TEM, FTIR, Raman, AFM, BET and porosity) will be discussed to detail future applications of these special materials. Nanoparticles (organic and inorganic), ceramics, conductors, semiconductors, insulators and magnetic materials are some examples of functional nanomaterials that will included in this Special Issue. There is much that still needs to be achieved in the field of nanomaterials to effectively solve the daily challenges that nanoscience has brought about.

Dr. Tomasz Strachowski
Dr. Laura Madalina Cursaru
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chemical synthesis
  • nanoparticles (metal oxides, perovskites, graphene)
  • doped nanoparticles (transition metals, RE metals)
  • multifunctional nanoparticles
  • applications of nanoparticles
  • characterization of nanoparticles (SEM, XRD, TEM, AFM, BET, porosity, Raman spectroscopy, etc.)

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2162 KiB  
Article
Non-Debye Behavior of the Néel and Brown Relaxation in Interacting Magnetic Nanoparticle Ensembles
by Cristian E. Botez and Jeffrey Knoop
Materials 2024, 17(16), 3957; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17163957 - 9 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1164
Abstract
We used ac-susceptibility measurements to study the superspin relaxation in Fe3O4/Isopar M nanomagnetic fluids of different concentrations. Temperature-resolved data collected at different frequencies, χ″ vs. T|f, reveal magnetic events both below and above the freezing point of [...] Read more.
We used ac-susceptibility measurements to study the superspin relaxation in Fe3O4/Isopar M nanomagnetic fluids of different concentrations. Temperature-resolved data collected at different frequencies, χ″ vs. T|f, reveal magnetic events both below and above the freezing point of the carrier fluid (TF = 197 K): χ″ shows peaks at temperatures Tp1 and Tp2 around 75 K and 225 K, respectively. Below TF, the Néel mechanism is entirely responsible for the superspin relaxation (as the carrier fluid is frozen), and we found that the temperature dependence of the relaxation time, τN(Tp1), is well described by the Dorman–Bessais–Fiorani (DBF) model: τNT=τrexp⁡EB+EadkB T. Above TF, both the internal (Néel) and the Brownian superspin relaxation mechanisms are active. Yet, we found evidence that the effective relaxation times, τeff, corresponding to the Tp2 peaks observed in the denser samples do not follow the typical Debye behavior described by the Rosensweig formula 1τeff=1τN+1τB. First, τeff is 5 × 10−5 s at 225 K, almost three orders of magnitude more that its Néel counterpart, τN~8 × 10−8 s, estimated by extrapolating the above-mentioned DBF analysis. Thus, 1τN≫1τeff, which is clearly not consistent with the Rosensweig formula. Second, the observed temperature dependence of the effective relaxation time, τeff(Tp2), is excellently described by τB−1T=Tγ0exp⁡−E′kBT−T0′, a model solely based on the hydrodynamic Brown relaxation, τB(T)=3ηTVHkBT, combined with an activation law for the temperature variation of the viscosity, ηT=η0exp⁡E′/kB(T−T0′. The best fit yields γ0=3ηVHkB = 1.6 × 10−5 s·K, E′/kB = 312 K, and T0′ = 178 K. Finally, the higher temperature Tp2 peaks vanish in the more diluted samples (δ ≤ 0.02). This indicates that the formation of larger hydrodynamic particles via aggregation, which is responsible for the observed Brownian relaxation in dense samples, is inhibited by dilution. Our findings, corroborating previous results from Monte Carlo calculations, are important because they might lead to new strategies to synthesize functional magnetic ferrofluids for biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application)
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13 pages, 3396 KiB  
Article
Gas-Phase Fabrication and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 and TiO2–CuO Nanoparticulate Thin Films
by Meditha Hudandini, Kusdianto Kusdianto, Masaru Kubo and Manabu Shimada
Materials 2024, 17(5), 1149; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17051149 - 1 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1895
Abstract
CuO-loaded TiO2 nanomaterials have applications in pollutant degradation via photocatalysis. However, the existing methods of fabricating these nanomaterials involve liquid-phase processes, which require several steps and typically generate liquid waste. In this study, TiO2 and TiO2–CuO nanoparticulate thin films [...] Read more.
CuO-loaded TiO2 nanomaterials have applications in pollutant degradation via photocatalysis. However, the existing methods of fabricating these nanomaterials involve liquid-phase processes, which require several steps and typically generate liquid waste. In this study, TiO2 and TiO2–CuO nanoparticulate thin films were successfully fabricated through a one-step gas-phase approach involving a combination of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and physical vapor deposition. The resulting films consisted of small, spherical TiO2 nanoparticles with observable CuO on the TiO2 surface. Upon annealing in air, the TiO2 nanoparticles were crystallized, and CuO was completely oxidized. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2–CuO/H2O2, when introduced into the rhodamine 6G degradation system, was substantially enhanced under both ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. Moreover, this study highlights the influence of pH on the photocatalytic activity; TiO2–CuO/H2O2 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity at pH 13, with a reaction rate constant of 0.99 h−1 cm−2 after 180 min of visible light irradiation. These findings could facilitate the development of nanoparticulate thin films for enhanced pollutant degradation in wastewater treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application)
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18 pages, 5600 KiB  
Article
Influence of Potassium-Based Activation on Adsorptive Properties of Carbon Spheres Modified with Iron(III) Citrate
by Iwona Pełech, Daniel Sibera, Piotr Staciwa, Konrad S. Sobczuk and Urszula Narkiewicz
Materials 2023, 16(15), 5227; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155227 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1332
Abstract
Composites synthesized from iron(III) citrate and carbon spheres, and activated with potassium compounds were prepared and then characterized using XRD, SEM, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption methods. The adsorption properties of the composites toward carbon dioxide were assessed using CO2 uptake measurement, as [...] Read more.
Composites synthesized from iron(III) citrate and carbon spheres, and activated with potassium compounds were prepared and then characterized using XRD, SEM, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption methods. The adsorption properties of the composites toward carbon dioxide were assessed using CO2 uptake measurement, as well as by measuring their selectivity toward carbon dioxide, given their further application as photocatalysts for the reduction of this gas. The effect of changing preparation conditions on the structural and adsorption properties of the material was assessed. The potential strength of such material is a synergistic effect between the high adsorption capacity related to the microporosity of carbon spheres combined with the catalytic properties of iron particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application)
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Review

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19 pages, 3090 KiB  
Review
Plant Extracts for Production of Functionalized Selenium Nanoparticles
by Krystyna Pyrzynska
Materials 2024, 17(15), 3748; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153748 - 29 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2111
Abstract
In recent years, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted expanding consideration, particularly in the nanotechnology field. This element participates in important biological processes, such as antioxidant defense, immune function, and thyroid hormone regulation, protecting cells from oxidative damage. Selenium in the form of nanoscale [...] Read more.
In recent years, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted expanding consideration, particularly in the nanotechnology field. This element participates in important biological processes, such as antioxidant defense, immune function, and thyroid hormone regulation, protecting cells from oxidative damage. Selenium in the form of nanoscale particles has drawn attention for its biocompatibility, bioavailability, and low toxicity; thus, it has found several biomedical applications in diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. Green methods for SeNP synthesis using plant extracts are considered to be single-step, inexpensive, and eco-friendly processes. Besides acting as natural reductants, compounds from plant extracts can also serve as natural capping agents, stabilizing the size of nanoparticles and contributing to the enhanced biological properties of SeNPs. This brief overview presents the recent developments in this area, focusing on the synthesis conditions and the characteristics of the obtained SeNPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application)
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26 pages, 6883 KiB  
Review
Research Progress on Metal Ion Recovery Based on Membrane Technology and Adsorption Synergy
by Yiqing Feng and Rui Wang
Materials 2024, 17(14), 3562; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143562 - 18 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1240
Abstract
The development of modern industry will generate more and more waste containing metal ions. It is necessary to take appropriate measures to recover these ions, whether from the perspective of environmental protection or improving economic benefits. So far, scientists have studied many methods [...] Read more.
The development of modern industry will generate more and more waste containing metal ions. It is necessary to take appropriate measures to recover these ions, whether from the perspective of environmental protection or improving economic benefits. So far, scientists have studied many methods for recovering metal ions. Among these methods, adsorption and membrane separation have received widespread attention due to their own characteristics. Combining adsorption and membrane separation methods can better leverage their respective advantages to improve the ability of recovering metal ions. This review, therefore, focuses on the synergistic recovery of metal ions by adsorption and membrane separation methods. This article first briefly explains the theoretical principles of membrane separation and adsorption synergy, and then focuses on several technologies that have received attention in different chapters. In these chapters, membrane technology is briefly introduced, followed by the situation and progress of synergistic application with adsorption technology. Then, the article compares and elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of the above technologies, and finally summarizes and looks forward to these technologies being used to solve the difficulties and challenges in industrial application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application)
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39 pages, 1610 KiB  
Review
Adverse Effects of Non-Metallic Nanoparticles in the Central Nervous System
by Katarzyna Sikorska, Krzysztof Sawicki, Magdalena Czajka, Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak, Marcin Kruszewski and Kamil Brzóska
Materials 2023, 16(23), 7264; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16237264 - 21 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2371
Abstract
The interest in nanoparticles (NPs) and their effects on living organisms has been continuously growing in the last decades. A special interest is focused on the effects of NPs on the central nervous system (CNS), which seems to be the most vulnerable to [...] Read more.
The interest in nanoparticles (NPs) and their effects on living organisms has been continuously growing in the last decades. A special interest is focused on the effects of NPs on the central nervous system (CNS), which seems to be the most vulnerable to their adverse effects. Non-metallic NPs seem to be less toxic than metallic ones; thus, the application of non-metallic NPs in medicine and industry is growing very fast. Hence, a closer look at the impact of non-metallic NPs on neural tissue is necessary, especially in the context of the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the in vitro and in vivo neurotoxicity of non-metallic NPs, as well as the mechanisms associated with negative or positive effects of non-metallic NPs on the CNS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanoparticle Materials: From Synthesis to Application)
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