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New Insights into Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 5960

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Public Health Protection and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
2. Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
Interests: biological synthesis; flow cytometry; spectroscopy; microscopy; nanocomposites; antimicrobial activity; effectiveness; microorganisms
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 4 Wileńska Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
Interests: synthesis; capillary electrophoresis; nanomaterials; spectroscopy; spectrometry; nanotechnology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have attracted interest over time. Their unique properties means they have broad applications: from sensors and electronic devices to antimicrobial agents, cytotoxicity or drug delivery. Moreover, increased attention has been paid to nanoparticles and nanocomposites in the last few decades; hybrid systems (e.g., coated and functionalized materials and metal–protein systems) have been studied much more. In fact, the increasing prevalence of ecological problems, the issue of drug resistance and the apparent limitations in the application of nanomaterials have encouraged researchers to find new solutions, new insights and new approaches.

Therefore, the current Special Issue covers interdisciplinary approaches related to “Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites; Synthesis, Properties and Applications”. Practical work covering recent scientific challenges/strategies in the field as well as review papers addressing recent and newest progress are welcome.

Dr. Viorica Railean-Plugaru
Dr. Anna Król-Górniak
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanoparticles
  • nanocomposites
  • synthesis
  • characterization
  • functionalization
  • application
  • recycling
  • action mechanism
  • antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect
  • in vitro and in vivo study
  • sensors
  • fluorescence
  • mechanism of ionization
  • sustainable development
  • photocatalysis

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 6578 KiB  
Article
Enhancing NIR Shielding Properties of Au/CsWO3 Composite via Physical Mixing and Solvothermal Processes
by Chanakarn Piwnuan, Chivarat Muangphat and Jatuphorn Wootthikanokkhan
Materials 2024, 17(11), 2746; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17112746 - 5 Jun 2024
Viewed by 655
Abstract
This research aims to enhance the near-infrared (NIR) shielding ability of cesium tungsten bronze (CsWO3) by increasing the spectral absorption in this region through the incorporation of gold nanorods (AuNR). Two approaches were used to prepare the composite materials: [...] Read more.
This research aims to enhance the near-infrared (NIR) shielding ability of cesium tungsten bronze (CsWO3) by increasing the spectral absorption in this region through the incorporation of gold nanorods (AuNR). Two approaches were used to prepare the composite materials: physical mixing and solvothermal process. The effects of gold nanorods content on the crystalline size, particle size, shape, and optical properties of the composite were investigated systematically using DLS, TEM, XRD, and UV–Vis spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The physical mixing process synergizes AuNR and CsWO3 into a composite which has better NIR absorption than that of neat AuNR and CsWO3 nanorods. A composite with 10 mol% of AuNR shows the highest NIR absorption ability due to the surface plasmon resonance and energy coupling between Au and CsWO3. With the solvothermal process, the CsWO3 nanorods grow up to 4–7 microns when the AuNR content increases to 0.8 mol% due to the incorporation of the Au atoms. The microsized CsWO3 rods have superior NIR shielding property compared to other conditions, including the AuNR+CsWO3 nanocomposite with 10 mol% of AuNR from the physical mixing process. Full article
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18 pages, 4028 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles Using an Aqueous Extract of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne) Leaf Waste
by Małgorzata Góral-Kowalczyk, Elżbieta Grządka, Jolanta Orzeł, Dariusz Góral, Tomasz Skrzypek, Zbigniew Kobus and Agnieszka Nawrocka
Materials 2024, 17(11), 2515; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17112515 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 907
Abstract
In this study, we analysed the potential use of dried strawberry leaves and calyces for the production of nanoparticles using inorganic iron compounds. We used the following iron precursors FeCl3 × 6H2O, FeCl2 × 4H2O, Fe(NO3 [...] Read more.
In this study, we analysed the potential use of dried strawberry leaves and calyces for the production of nanoparticles using inorganic iron compounds. We used the following iron precursors FeCl3 × 6H2O, FeCl2 × 4H2O, Fe(NO3)3 × 9H2O, Fe2(SO4)3 × H2O, FeSO4 × 7H2O, FeCl3 anhydrous. It was discovered that the content of polyphenols and flavonoids in dried strawberries and their antioxidant activity in DPPH and FRAP were 346.81 µM TE/1 g and 331.71 µM TE/1 g, respectively, and were similar to these of green tea extracts. Microimages made using TEM techniques allowed for the isolation of a few nanoparticles with dimensions ranging from tens of nanometres to several micrometres. The value of the electrokinetic potential in all samples was negative and ranged from −21,300 mV to −11,183 mV. XRF analyses confirmed the presence of iron ranging from 0.13% to 0.92% in the samples with a concentration of 0.01 mol/dm3. FT-IR spectra analyses showed bands characteristic of nanoparticles. In calorimetric measurements, no increase in temperature was observed in any of the tests during exposure to the electromagnetic field. In summary, using the extract from dried strawberry leaves and calyxes as a reagent, we can obtain iron nanoparticles with sizes dependent on the concentration of the precursor. Full article
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16 pages, 5851 KiB  
Article
Tailoring Physicochemical Properties of V2O5 Nanostructures: Influence of Solvent Type in Sol-Gel Synthesis
by Klaudia Prusik, Daniel Jaworski, Justyna Gumieniak, Agnieszka Kramek, Kamila Sadowska and Marta Prześniak-Welenc
Materials 2024, 17(10), 2359; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102359 - 15 May 2024
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Abstract
The influence of different solvents, including aqueous and nonaqueous types, on the physicochemical properties of V2O5 nanostructures was thoroughly investigated. Various characterization techniques, such as XRD, XPS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis DRS, SEM, TEM, and BET, were employed to analyze [...] Read more.
The influence of different solvents, including aqueous and nonaqueous types, on the physicochemical properties of V2O5 nanostructures was thoroughly investigated. Various characterization techniques, such as XRD, XPS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis DRS, SEM, TEM, and BET, were employed to analyze the obtained materials. Additionally, the adsorption properties of the synthesized V2O5 nanostructures for methylene blue were examined, and kinetic parameters of adsorption were calculated. The results demonstrate that the morphology of the obtained crystals can be finely controlled by manipulating water concentration in the solution, showcasing its profound impact on both the structural characteristics and adsorption properties of the nanostructures. Furthermore, the structural changes of the resulting V2O5 material induced by solvents show strong impacts on its photocatalytic properties, making it a promising photocatalyst. Full article
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15 pages, 3318 KiB  
Article
Pyrolized Diatomaceous Biomass Doped with Epitaxially Growing Hybrid Ag/TiO2 Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterisation and Antibacterial Application
by Weronika Brzozowska, Izabela Wojtczak, Viorica Railean, Zhanar Bekissanova, Grzegorz Trykowski, Bogusław Buszewski and Myroslav Sprynskyy
Materials 2023, 16(12), 4345; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124345 - 13 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1816
Abstract
In the pursuit of innovative solutions for modern technologies, particularly in the design and production of new micro/nanostructured materials, microorganisms acting as “natural microtechnologists” can serve as a valuable source of inspiration. This research focuses on harnessing the capabilities of unicellular algae (diatoms) [...] Read more.
In the pursuit of innovative solutions for modern technologies, particularly in the design and production of new micro/nanostructured materials, microorganisms acting as “natural microtechnologists” can serve as a valuable source of inspiration. This research focuses on harnessing the capabilities of unicellular algae (diatoms) to synthesize hybrid composites composed of AgNPs/TiO2NPs/pyrolyzed diatomaceous biomass (AgNPs/TiO2NPs/DBP). The composites were consistently fabricated through metabolic (biosynthesis) doping of diatom cells with titanium, pyrolysis of the doped diatomaceous biomass, and chemical doping of the pyrolyzed biomass with silver. To characterize the synthesized composites, their elemental and mineral composition, structure, morphology, and photoluminescent properties were analysed using techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The study revealed the epitaxial growth of Ag/TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of pyrolyzed diatom cells. The antimicrobial potential of the synthesized composites was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method against prevalent drug-resistant microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli, both from laboratory cultures and clinical isolates. Full article
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Review

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27 pages, 3003 KiB  
Review
Silver Nanoparticles: Multifunctional Tool in Environmental Water Remediation
by Pamela Nair Silva-Holguín, Jesús Alberto Garibay-Alvarado and Simón Yobanny Reyes-López
Materials 2024, 17(9), 1939; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17091939 - 23 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 973
Abstract
Water pollution is a worldwide environmental and health problem that requires the development of sustainable, efficient, and accessible technologies. Nanotechnology is a very attractive alternative in environmental remediation processes due to the multiple properties that are conferred on a material when it is [...] Read more.
Water pollution is a worldwide environmental and health problem that requires the development of sustainable, efficient, and accessible technologies. Nanotechnology is a very attractive alternative in environmental remediation processes due to the multiple properties that are conferred on a material when it is at the nanometric scale. This present review focuses on the understanding of the structure–physicochemical properties–performance relationships of silver nanoparticles, with the objective of guiding the selection of physicochemical properties that promote greater performance and are key factors in their use as antibacterial agents, surface modifiers, colorimetric sensors, signal amplifiers, and plasmonic photocatalysts. Silver nanoparticles with a size of less than 10 nm, morphology with a high percentage of reactive facets {111}, and positive surface charge improve the interaction of the nanoparticles with bacterial cells and induce a greater antibacterial effect. Adsorbent materials functionalized with an optimal concentration of silver nanoparticles increase their contact area and enhance adsorbent capacity. The use of stabilizing agents in silver nanoparticles promotes selective adsorption of contaminants by modifying the surface charge and type of active sites in an adsorbent material, in addition to inducing selective complexation and providing stability in their use as colorimetric sensors. Silver nanoparticles with complex morphologies allow the formation of hot spots or chemical or electromagnetic bonds between substrate and analyte, promoting a greater amplification factor. Controlled doping with nanoparticles in photocatalytic materials produces improvements in their electronic structural properties, promotes changes in charge transfer and bandgap, and improves and expands their photocatalytic properties. Silver nanoparticles have potential use as a tool in water remediation, where by selecting appropriate physicochemical properties for each application, their performance and efficiency are improved. Full article
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