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Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 9798

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zilina, Zilina, Slovakia
Interests: mechanics of materials; structural optimization; multiaxial fatigue damage prediction for random response
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We live in a time period of rapid and unexpected changes which often reflect the state of the science and technology. Our experience teaches us that it is impossible to slow down in our efforts to advance our knowledge. This Special Issue, focused on manufacturing and mechanics of materials, follows the main orientation of the journal Materials. The focus will be on intelligent manufacturing and the application of advanced materials with a higher complexity of properties. The editorial board expects scientific presentations focused on modern automated production processes with artificial intelligence, innovative technologies based on additive manufacturing and 3D printing (e.g., SLS, SLM, CFF, DLMS), precision manufacturing, the utilization of multifunctional properties of materials for producing complex machine elements and non-traditional kinematic structures, and diagnostics of the production machines and equipment.

Further to the success of the Special Issue of Materials on “Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials”, we are delighted to open a new Special Issue entitled “Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II”.

This second volume of the Special Issue will be enriched by original articles on experimental research and computer modeling of advanced materials´ properties (light metals, special alloys, metal and composite structures made by 3D printing), scientific studies in the field of experimental analysis and modeling defects, and the prediction of fatigue damage of materials with different properties or in the field of destructive and non-destructive testing. Particularly beneficial will be high-added-value scientific works with a synergistic effect on theory, mathematical modeling, and experiments, as well as presentations of applied research. It is an honor and pleasure for me to invite you to cooperate in creating this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Milan Sága
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 8487 KiB  
Article
Strength Optimisation of Hybrid Bolted/Bonded Composite Joints Based on Finite Element Analysis
by Raphael Blier, Leila Monajati, Masoud Mehrabian and Rachid Boukhili
Materials 2024, 17(13), 3354; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17133354 - 6 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1065
Abstract
A finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to examine the behaviour of single-lap quasi-isotropic (QI) and cross-ply (CP) hybrid bolted/bonded (HBB) configurations subjected to tensile shear loading. Several critical design factors influencing the composite joint strength, failure conditions, and load-sharing mechanisms that would [...] Read more.
A finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to examine the behaviour of single-lap quasi-isotropic (QI) and cross-ply (CP) hybrid bolted/bonded (HBB) configurations subjected to tensile shear loading. Several critical design factors influencing the composite joint strength, failure conditions, and load-sharing mechanisms that would optimise the joining performance were assessed. The study of the stress concentration around the holes and along the adhesive layer highlights the fact that the HBB joints benefit from significantly lower stresses compared to only bolted joints, especially for CP configurations. The simulation results confirmed the redundancy of the middle bolt in a three-bolt HBB joint. The stiffness and plastic behaviour of the adhesive were found to be important factors that define the transition of the behaviour of the joint from a bolted type, where load sharing is predominant, to a bonded joint. The load-sharing potential, known as an indicator of the joint’s performance, is improved by reducing the overlap length, using a low-stiffness, high-plasticity adhesive, and using thicker laminates in the QI layup configuration. Enhancing both the ratio of the edge distance to the hole diameter and washer size proves advantageous in reducing stresses within the adhesive layer, thereby improving the joint strength. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II)
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18 pages, 7387 KiB  
Article
Micro-Injection Molding and Debinding Behavior of Hydroxyapatite/Zirconia Bi-Materials Fabricated by Two-Component Micro-Powder Injection Molding Process
by Al Basir, Norhamidi Muhamad, Abu Bakar Sulong, Muhammad bin Mohamed Amin, Nashrah Hani Jamadon and Nabilah Afiqah Mohd Radzuan
Materials 2023, 16(19), 6375; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196375 - 24 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1454
Abstract
The micro-scale joining of two different materials using two-component micro-powder injection molding (2C-µPIM) is an intriguing technique. The formation of defects in bi-materials at different processing stages makes this technique challenging. This study presents the fabrication of defect-free bi-material micro-parts containing hydroxyapatite (HA) [...] Read more.
The micro-scale joining of two different materials using two-component micro-powder injection molding (2C-µPIM) is an intriguing technique. The formation of defects in bi-materials at different processing stages makes this technique challenging. This study presents the fabrication of defect-free bi-material micro-parts containing hydroxyapatite (HA) and 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) via 2C-µPIM. Critical powder volume concentrations (CPVCs) of 61.7 vol% and 47.1 vol% were obtained for the HA and 3YSZ powders, respectively. Based on the CPVCs, the optimal loadings for the HA and 3YSZ powders were selected as 60 vol% and 45 vol%, respectively. The HA and 3YSZ feedstocks were prepared by separately mixing the optimal powder contents with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and palm stearin binders. The feedstocks displayed pseudoplastic behavior, and the lowest ranges of viscosity for the HA and 3YSZ at a temperature of 180 °C were 157.1–1392.5 Pa·s and 726.2–985.5 Pa·s, respectively. The feedstocks were injected to produce green HA/3YSZ micro-sized components. It was found that a solvent debinding temperature of 70 °C removed 60.6% of the palm stearin binder from the sample. In the thermal debinding stage, the open channels that formed in the bi-material sample’s solvent debound at 70 °C and contributed to the removal of 93 to 95% of the binder system. When the debound bi-materials were sintered at 1300 °C, the highest relative density of 96.3% was obtained. The sintering operation revealed a linear shrinkage between 13 and 17% in the sintered HA/3YSZ micro-parts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II)
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17 pages, 5690 KiB  
Article
Prediction of In-Flight Particle Properties and Mechanical Performances of HVOF-Sprayed NiCr–Cr3C2 Coatings Based on a Hierarchical Neural Network
by Longen Gui, Botong Wang, Renye Cai, Zexin Yu, Meimei Liu, Qixin Zhu, Yingchun Xie, Shaowu Liu and Andreas Killinger
Materials 2023, 16(18), 6279; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186279 - 19 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1292
Abstract
High-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying is a promising technique for depositing protective coatings. The performances of HVOF-sprayed coatings are affected by in-flight particle properties, such as temperature and velocity, that are controlled by the spraying parameters. However, obtaining the desired coatings through experimental [...] Read more.
High-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying is a promising technique for depositing protective coatings. The performances of HVOF-sprayed coatings are affected by in-flight particle properties, such as temperature and velocity, that are controlled by the spraying parameters. However, obtaining the desired coatings through experimental methods alone is challenging, owing to the complex physical and chemical processes involved in the HVOF approach. Compared with traditional experimental methods, a novel method for optimizing and predicting coating performance is presented herein; this method involves combining machine learning techniques with thermal spray technology. Herein, we firstly introduce physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to address the overfitting problem in small-sample algorithms and then apply the algorithms to HVOF processes and HVOF-sprayed coatings. We proposed the PINN and CNN hierarchical neural network to establish prediction models for the in-flight particle properties and performances of NiCr–Cr3C2 coatings (e.g., porosity, microhardness, and wear rate). Additionally, a random forest model is used to evaluate the relative importance of the effect of the spraying parameters on the properties of in-flight particles and coating performance. We find that the particle temperature and velocity as well as the coating performances (porosity, wear resistance, and microhardness) can be predicted with up to 99% accuracy and that the spraying distance and velocity of in-flight particles exert the most substantial effects on the in-flight particle properties and coating performance, respectively. This study can serve as a theoretical reference for the development of intelligent HVOF systems in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II)
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16 pages, 3215 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Mesh Density on the Results Obtained by Finite Element Analysis of Complex Bodies
by Cristian Pisarciuc, Ioan Dan and Romeo Cioară
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2555; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072555 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2758
Abstract
Finite element analysis of complex bodies is frequently used in design to determine the size of deformations. Successive iterations, with progressive refinement of mesh densities, are most often required to obtain a sufficiently accurate convergent numerical solution. This process is costly, time consuming, [...] Read more.
Finite element analysis of complex bodies is frequently used in design to determine the size of deformations. Successive iterations, with progressive refinement of mesh densities, are most often required to obtain a sufficiently accurate convergent numerical solution. This process is costly, time consuming, and requires superior hardware and software. The paper presents a quick and effortless way to determine a sufficiently accurate value of the numerical solution. The mentioned solution is obtained by amending the numerical solution resulting for a certain value of the mesh density of the studied body with an adequate proportionality coefficient determined following the deformation study of simple bodies differently subject to external forces. It is assumed that the elastic displacement of the various bodies has a similar evolution as the mesh density increases and that the values of the proportionality coefficients considered are approximately equal for identical mesh densities. Examples presented are related to the reference body of the mechanical press PAI 25. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II)
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Review

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20 pages, 7342 KiB  
Review
A Pulsed Current Application to the Deformation Processing of Materials
by Vladimir Stolyarov and Anna Misochenko
Materials 2023, 16(18), 6270; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186270 - 19 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1476
Abstract
A review of studies on the electroplastic effect on the deformation process in various conductive materials and alloys for the last decade has been carried out. Aspects, such as the mode and regimes of electric current, the practical methods of its introduction into [...] Read more.
A review of studies on the electroplastic effect on the deformation process in various conductive materials and alloys for the last decade has been carried out. Aspects, such as the mode and regimes of electric current, the practical methods of its introduction into materials with different deformation schemes, features of deformation behavior accompanied by a pulsed current of different materials, structural changes caused by the combined action of deformation and current, the influence of structural features on the electroplastic effect, changes in the physical, mechanical, and technological properties of materials subjected to plastic deformation under current, possible mechanisms and methods of physical and computer modeling of the electroplastic effect, and potential and practical applications of the electroplastic effect are considered. The growing research interest in the manifestation of the electroplastic effect in such new modern materials as shape-memory alloys and ultrafine-grained and nanostructured alloys is shown. Various methods of modeling the mechanisms of electroplasticity, especially at the microlevel, are becoming the most realistic approach for the prediction of the deformation behavior and physical and mechanical properties of various materials. Original examples of the practical application of electropulse methods in the processes of drawing, microstamping, and others are given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II)
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27 pages, 4912 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in the Analytical Stress Field Solutions for Radiused Notches in Orthotropic Solids
by Alessandro Pontefisso, Matteo Pastrello and Michele Zappalorto
Materials 2023, 16(11), 3915; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113915 - 23 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1257
Abstract
The main aim of this work is to provide a brief overview of the analytical solutions available to describe the in-plane and out-of-plane stress fields in orthotropic solids with radiused notches. To this end, initially, a brief summary on the bases of complex [...] Read more.
The main aim of this work is to provide a brief overview of the analytical solutions available to describe the in-plane and out-of-plane stress fields in orthotropic solids with radiused notches. To this end, initially, a brief summary on the bases of complex potentials for orthotropic elasticity is presented, with reference to plane stress or strain and antiplane shear problems. Subsequently, the attention is moved to the relevant expressions for the notch stress fields, considering elliptical holes, symmetric hyperbolic notches, parabolic notches (blunt cracks), and radiused V-notches. Eventually, examples of applications are presented, comparing the presented analytical solutions with the results from numerical analyses carried out on relevant cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Mechanics of Materials, Volume II)
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