Marine Actinomycetes: A New Source of Natural Products

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2009) | Viewed by 36334

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Functional Biology (Area Microbiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Interests: bioactive natural products; anticancer agents; antimicrobial agents; biosynthesis; polyketides; nonribosomal peptides; glycosylated compounds
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Actinomycetes are filamentous Gram-positive bacteria with a complex life cycle which are widely distributed in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in soil. They are producers of a large number of natural products, many of them with clinical, pharmaceutical or agricultural application. In the last decades, marine actinomycetes are increasingly being isolated from marine environments demonstrating that actinomycetes are ubiquitous in marine sediments, but at lower numbers than in soils. Furthermore, marine actinomycetes have been found in symbiosis with different marine invertebrates, especially sponges. They have attracted great attention since they have developed unique metabolic and physiological capabilities that offer the potential to produce natural products with interesting pharmacological activities and therefore they provide a source of novel natural products with potential application in the near future.

Prof. Dr. Jose A. Salas
Guest Editor

Keywords

  • non-ribosomal peptides
  • polyketides
  • Streptomyces
  • Micromonospora
  • secondary metabolites
  • bioactive compounds

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Article
Isolation, Phylogenetic Analysis and Anti-infective Activity Screening of Marine Sponge-Associated Actinomycetes
by Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen, Sheila M. Pimentel-Elardo, Amro Hanora, Mona Radwan, Soad H. Abou-El-Ela, Safwat Ahmed and Ute Hentschel
Mar. Drugs 2010, 8(3), 399-412; https://doi.org/10.3390/md8030399 - 26 Feb 2010
Cited by 132 | Viewed by 23322
Abstract
Terrestrial actinomycetes are noteworthy producers of a multitude of antibiotics, however the marine representatives are much less studied in this regard. In this study, 90 actinomycetes were isolated from 11 different species of marine sponges that had been collected from offshore Ras Mohamed [...] Read more.
Terrestrial actinomycetes are noteworthy producers of a multitude of antibiotics, however the marine representatives are much less studied in this regard. In this study, 90 actinomycetes were isolated from 11 different species of marine sponges that had been collected from offshore Ras Mohamed (Egypt) and from Rovinj (Croatia). Phylogenetic characterization of the isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing supported their assignment to 18 different actinomycete genera representing seven different suborders. Fourteen putatively novel species were identified based on sequence similarity values below 98.2% to other strains in the NCBI database. A putative new genus related to Rubrobacter was isolated on M1 agar that had been amended with sponge extract, thus highlighting the need for innovative cultivation protocols. Testing for anti-infective activities was performed against clinically relevant, Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, fungi (Candida albicans) and human parasites (Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei). Bioactivities against these pathogens were documented for 10 actinomycete isolates. These results show a high diversity of actinomycetes associated with marine sponges as well as highlight their potential to produce anti-infective agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Actinomycetes: A New Source of Natural Products)
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289 KiB  
Communication
Microarray-Based Transcriptional Profiling of Renieramycin M and Jorunnamycin C, Isolated from Thai Marine Organisms
by Kornvika Charupant, Khanit Suwanborirux, Naomi Daikuhara, Masashi Yokoya, Rie Ushijima-Sugano, Takatoshi Kawai, Takashi Owa and Naoki Saito
Mar. Drugs 2009, 7(4), 483-494; https://doi.org/10.3390/md7040483 - 19 Oct 2009
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 12089
Abstract
Renieramycin M and jorunnamycin C, two isoquinolinequinone compounds differing only at the C-22 ester side chain, were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on human colon (HCT116) and breast (MDA-MB-435) cancer cell lines. These two compounds displayed potent cancer cell growth inhibition, their IC [...] Read more.
Renieramycin M and jorunnamycin C, two isoquinolinequinone compounds differing only at the C-22 ester side chain, were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on human colon (HCT116) and breast (MDA-MB-435) cancer cell lines. These two compounds displayed potent cancer cell growth inhibition, their IC50 values reaching nanomolar order. To examine their effects on transcription, we carried out oligonucleotide microarray analysis with focus on the similarities and differences between the two compounds in terms of transcriptional profiles. We found that the down-regulation of PTPRK (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type K) can be considered as a biomarker responsive to the cytotoxic effects of this class of antitumor marine natural products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Actinomycetes: A New Source of Natural Products)
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