Advances in Treatment of Urinary Bladder Cancer

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Methodology, Drug and Device Discovery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2024) | Viewed by 6886

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
Interests: bladder cancer; cancer-mediated immunomodulation; penile cancer; chemotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urinary bladder cancer is among the top ten most common cancer types in the world, with approximately 550,000 new cases annually. At present, 75% of cases are non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and the others are muscle-invasive (MIBC), a progression from the first kind. The high prevalence of urinary bladder cancer places a significant economic burden on health systems. New advancements are required in the diagnostic setting to enhance early diagnosis and reduce the number of invasive procedures. More precise and reproducible radiological approaches have started to be utilized for both staging and the monitoring of disease progression. The identification of targets and potential biomarkers based on genomic sequencing analyses can also be useful for predicting the response of novel therapeutic strategies. Therapy has in recent years evolved from surgery to oncological combination therapies, and more recently, immunotherapeutic strategies have been added to the treatment arsenal.

This Special Issue aims to present new and innovative approaches and results relating to basic science, translational research, and epidemiology in the field of urinary bladder cancer. The scope entails studies on non-muscle-invasive urinary bladder cancer (NMIBC) as well as those on muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer (MIBC) and papers investigating molecular biomarkers’ response to treatment and radiomics to improve staging in urinary bladder cancer. We welcome original articles and review papers.

Dr. Amir M. Sherif
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • urinary bladder cancer
  • radiomics
  • diagnosis
  • biomarkers
  • chemo-immunotherapy
  • targeted therapy
  • epidemiology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 783 KiB  
Article
A Validation Study of cT-Categories in the Swedish National Urinary Bladder Cancer Register—Norrland University Hospital
by Erik Wiberg, Andrés Vega, Victoria Eriksson, Viqar Banday, Johan Svensson, Elisabeth Eriksson, Staffan Jahnson and Amir Sherif
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(7), 1163; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13071163 - 20 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Background: In Sweden, all patients with urinary bladder cancer (UBC) are recorded in the Swedish National Register for Urinary Bladder Cancer (SNRUBC). The purpose of this study was to validate the registered clinical tumour categories (cT-categories) in the SNRUBC for Norrland University Hospital, [...] Read more.
Background: In Sweden, all patients with urinary bladder cancer (UBC) are recorded in the Swedish National Register for Urinary Bladder Cancer (SNRUBC). The purpose of this study was to validate the registered clinical tumour categories (cT-categories) in the SNRUBC for Norrland University Hospital, Sweden, from 2009 to 2020, inclusive. Methods: The medical records of all 295 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for the treatment of UBC were reviewed retrospectively. Possible factors impacting the cT-categories were identified. To optimise cT-classification, computed tomography urography of all patients with suspected tumour-associated hydronephrosis (TAH) or suspected tumour in bladder diverticulum (TIBD) were retrospectively reviewed by a radiologist. Discrepancy was tested with a logistic regression model. Results: cT-categories differed in 87 cases (29.5%). Adjusted logistic regression analysis found TIBD and TAH as significant predictors for incorrect registration; OR = 7.71 (p < 0.001), and OR = 17.7, (p < 0.001), respectively. In total, 48 patients (68.6%) with TAH and 12 patients (52.2%) with TIBD showed discrepancy regarding the cT-category. Incorrect registration was mostly observed during the years 2009–2012. Conclusion: The study revealed substantial incorrect registration of cT-categories in SNRUBC. A major part of the misclassifications was related to TAH and TIBD. Registration of these variables in the SNRUBC might be considered to improve correct cT-classification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Treatment of Urinary Bladder Cancer)
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Review

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10 pages, 228 KiB  
Review
Unveiling the Hidden Perils: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Infections in Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Surgery
by Anastasios Natsos, Vasileios Tatanis, Alexandra Lekkou, Stavros Kontogiannis, Athanasios Vagionis, Theodoros Spinos, Angelis Peteinaris, Mohammed Obaidat, Konstantinos Pagonis, Panagiotis Kallidonis, Evangelos Liatsikos and Petros Drettas
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(6), 644; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14060644 - 16 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgery is an effective treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), but infections pose a significant threat to its success. Current guidelines lack antifungal recommendations, despite rising fungal infection rates post-IPP surgery. This review examines epidemiology, risk factors (including diabetes mellitus, [...] Read more.
Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgery is an effective treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), but infections pose a significant threat to its success. Current guidelines lack antifungal recommendations, despite rising fungal infection rates post-IPP surgery. This review examines epidemiology, risk factors (including diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, and obesity), and pathogenesis, highlighting the role of biofilm formation in device contamination. Clinical manifestations vary from acute to delayed, with fungal biofilms presenting challenges in diagnosis. Prophylactic strategies, including broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungals, are crucial, with evidence suggesting a 92% reduction in infections. With fungal infections showing lower salvage rates, management involves culture-guided treatment, irrigation, and oral antibiotics. Future research aims to understand biofilm mechanisms and develop biomaterials to reduce infection rates. Implementing antifungal therapy, along with standard practices like the no-touch technique and antibiotic dips, is crucial in preventing IPP infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Treatment of Urinary Bladder Cancer)
24 pages, 1972 KiB  
Review
Advances in Urinary Diversion: From Cutaneous Ureterostomy to Orthotopic Neobladder Reconstruction—A Comprehensive Review
by Biagio Barone, Luigi Napolitano, Pasquale Reccia, Francesco Paolo Calace, Luigi De Luca, Michelangelo Olivetta, Marco Stizzo, Andrea Rubinacci, Giampiero Della Rosa, Arturo Lecce, Lorenzo Romano, Carmine Sciorio, Lorenzo Spirito, Gennaro Mattiello, Maria Giovanna Vastarella, Salvatore Papi, Armando Calogero, Filippo Varlese, Octavian Sabin Tataru, Matteo Ferro, Dario Del Biondo, Giorgio Napodano, Vincenzo Vastarella, Giuseppe Lucarelli, Raffaele Balsamo, Ferdinando Fusco, Felice Crocetto and Ugo Amicuziadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(4), 392; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14040392 - 8 Apr 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
Bladder cancer ranks as the 10th most prevalent cancer globally with an increasing incidence. Radical cystectomy combined with urinary diversion represents the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, offering a range of techniques tailored to patient factors. Overall, urinary diversions are divided into [...] Read more.
Bladder cancer ranks as the 10th most prevalent cancer globally with an increasing incidence. Radical cystectomy combined with urinary diversion represents the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, offering a range of techniques tailored to patient factors. Overall, urinary diversions are divided into non-continent and continent. Among the first category, cutaneous ureterostomy and ileal conduit represent the most common procedures while in the second category, it could be possible to describe another subclassification which includes ureterosigmoidostomy, continent diversions requiring catheterization and orthotopic voiding pouches and neobladders. In this comprehensive review, urinary diversions are described in their technical aspects, providing a summary of almost all alternatives to urinary diversion post-radical cystectomy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Treatment of Urinary Bladder Cancer)
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10 pages, 4158 KiB  
Review
Bladder Cancer during Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature
by Angelis Peteinaris, Paraskevas Perros, Ioannis Prokopakis, Zacharias Fasoulakis, Thomas Ntounis, Konstantinos Daglas, Ira Eirini Kostopoulou, Athina A. Samara, Konstantinos Pagonis, Vasileios Tatanis, Gabriel Faria-Costa, Rudi Xhaferi, Karen Arzumanyan, Begoña Ballesta Martínez, Athanasios Chionis, Vasilios Pergialiotis, George Daskalakis, Emmanuel N. Kontomanolis and Antonios Koutras
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(9), 1418; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13091418 - 21 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1801
Abstract
Bladder malignancy represents the fourth most common cancer in men and the eighth in women in the western world. Women under 75 years of age have a risk of 0.5–1% of developing bladder cancer. The diagnosis usually occurs between 65 and 70 years [...] Read more.
Bladder malignancy represents the fourth most common cancer in men and the eighth in women in the western world. Women under 75 years of age have a risk of 0.5–1% of developing bladder cancer. The diagnosis usually occurs between 65 and 70 years of age, whereas the mortality rate for women varies from 0.5 to 4 per 100,000 every year. Nulliparous women present a greater risk than women who have given birth. The risk is further decreased when parity increases. Theoretically, hormonal changes occurring during pregnancy play a protective role. Smoking and occupational exposure to specific chemicals are the most common risk factors of bladder cancer. Other risk factors such as chronic urinary tract inflammation, cyclophosphamide, radiotherapy, and familial correlation have been reported. The aim of this review is to highlight a rare combination, which is the co-existence of bladder malignancy and pregnancy. We present thirteen different cases of women who were diagnosed with malignant bladder tumors during their pregnancy. A review of the literature was conducted, focusing on the unspecific symptoms, possible diagnostic tools, and suitable treatment modalities. The management of bladder cancer in pregnancy is a challenging process. The fragile balance between the possible complications of pregnancy and maternal health is yet to be discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Treatment of Urinary Bladder Cancer)
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