Personalized Diagnostics and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Personalized Therapy and Drug Delivery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2574

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
Interests: lifestyle risk factors; cardiovascular risk assessment; prediction and prevention

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Guest Editor
Department of Cardiology & Angiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Straße 45, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
Interests: physical activity; sports medicine; lifestyle factors; personalized prevention
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a comprehensive platform for the dissemination of cutting-edge research, innovative strategies, and evidence-based practices in the field of cardiovascular prevention and therapy. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a global health challenge, and this Special Issue seeks to bring together researchers, clinicians, and experts to address the multifaceted aspects of CVD prevention, with the ultimate goal of reducing the burden of CVDs worldwide.

The scope of this Special Issue encompasses a wide range of topics related to cardiovascular prevention, including (but not limited to):

  1. Risk assessment and prediction: exploration of novel methods for assessing cardiovascular risk, including genetic, biomarker, and imaging-based approaches, to enable more accurate identification of individuals at risk.
  2. Lifestyle interventions: research on lifestyle modifications, such as diet, physical activity, and stress management, as primary and secondary prevention strategies for CVD.
  3. Pharmacological interventions: evaluation of the latest pharmacological interventions, including lipid-lowering agents, antihypertensives, and antiplatelet therapies, in the context of CVD prevention.
  4. Innovations in technology: examination of technological advancements, such as wearable devices, telehealth, and artificial intelligence, in enhancing the early detection and management of CVD risk factors.
  5. Exercise physiology: research into the physiological mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular benefits of exercise and the development of personalized exercise prescriptions.
  6. Global perspectives: insights into cardiovascular prevention efforts and challenges in different regions of the world.
  7. Prevention programs and initiatives: case studies and evaluations of successful cardiovascular prevention programs, including community-based interventions and workplace wellness initiatives.

This Special Issue encourages contributions from diverse disciplines, including cardiology, sports medicine, epidemiology, genetics, and psychology. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and sharing the latest research and practices, we aim to advance our collective understanding of cardiovascular prevention and contribute to the global effort to reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases.

Dr. Katharina Lechner
Dr. Patrick Müller
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • predictive, personalized, preventive, and participatory (4P) medicine
  • cardiovascular prevention
  • hypertension
  • lipids and lipoproteins
  • telemedicine

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3198 KiB  
Article
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Gymnastics: Exploring the Advantages and Limitations of the Friedewald, Martin–Hopkins, and Sampson Equations for Personalized Lipid Management
by Ion Bogdan Mănescu, Liliana Demian and Minodora Dobreanu
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(9), 1000; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14091000 - 20 Sep 2024
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Abstract
Background: The most commonly used method for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) estimation is the Friedewald equation, which has notable limitations. However, more accurate methods have been proposed. This study investigates the advantages and limitations of these methods and identifies the contexts in which [...] Read more.
Background: The most commonly used method for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) estimation is the Friedewald equation, which has notable limitations. However, more accurate methods have been proposed. This study investigates the advantages and limitations of these methods and identifies the contexts in which each equation is the most or least applicable. Methods: A cohort of 222 individuals underwent a standard lipid profile assessment, including directly measuring their LDL-C (dLDL-C). LDL-C was also estimated using the Friedewald, Martin–Hopkins, and Sampson equations. The differences (%Delta) between the estimated and measured LDL-C were analyzed in relation to dLDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride levels. Results: The %Delta was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) for the Martin–Hopkins (−8.8 ± 9.8) and Sampson (−9.5 ± 9.2) equations compared to Friedewald (−12.2 ± 9.2). All equations increasingly underestimated LDL-C as the dLDL-C levels decreased. The %Delta of the Martin–Hopkins equation showed significant positive correlations with dLDL-C (≤130 mg/dL) and triglycerides and a significant negative correlation with HDL-C. In a subgroup of 30 individuals with extreme %Delta values, patterns of gross underestimation were observed, particularly when low LDL-C, low triglycerides, and high HDL-C coincided. Conclusions: The Martin–Hopkins equation is a superior method for LDL-C estimation and a valuable tool in precision medicine. However, clinicians and laboratory professionals must be aware of its limitations and recognize patterns that could lead to significant LDL-C underestimation. We propose an algorithm for clinical laboratories to provide personalized LDL-C assessments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Diagnostics and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases)
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16 pages, 759 KiB  
Article
DiADEM—Dance against Dementia—Effect of a Six-Month Dance Intervention on Physical Fitness in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
by Ulrich Thiel, Marvin Stiebler, Berit K. Labott, Johanna Bappert, Corinna Langhans, Nicole Halfpaap, Bernhard Grässler, Fabian Herold, Stefanie Schreiber, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, Patrick Müller, Notger Müller and Anita Hökelmann
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(8), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14080888 - 22 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Background: Preserving health and physical fitness is critical to ensure independent living across the lifespan. Lower levels of physical fitness are associated with age-related cognitive decline and a higher prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thus, this study investigates the influence of [...] Read more.
Background: Preserving health and physical fitness is critical to ensure independent living across the lifespan. Lower levels of physical fitness are associated with age-related cognitive decline and a higher prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thus, this study investigates the influence of a six-month dance intervention on selected measures of physical fitness in older adults with MCI. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 55 patients with MCI were randomized into a sportive dance training (IG; n = 26; age: 70.7 ± 5.6 years; 62% female) or an inactive control group (CG; n = 24; age: 69.1 ± 6.8 years; 46% female). The dance group received two 90 min dance training sessions per week over a duration of six-months, which focused on learning dance movement patterns. During the training sessions, heart rate was measured to control exercise intensity. Physical fitness was assessed using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), lower limb functional fitness via sit-to-stand test, handgrip strength, and heart rate variability (HRV). Results: We observed that the dance intervention preserved the cardiorespiratory fitness as measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during CPET, which decreased in the CG. Furthermore, participants in the IG demonstrated increases in leg and handgrip strength, although these were not statistically significant. HRV displayed a non-significant decrease following the intervention. Conclusions: The results of this randomized controlled trial suggest that sportive dance training can preserve elements of physical fitness (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness) in older adults with MCI. Although improvements in the other parameters (i.e., leg and handgrip strength) were statistically non-significant, likely due to the small sample size, stabilizing muscular fitness and preventing age-related decline in older adults with MCI is important for maintaining functional independence. For future studies, we recommend a longer training duration paired with precise control of regular physical activity levels, an important confounding factor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Diagnostics and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases)
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