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Pulmonary Medicine: Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment
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Pulmonary Medicine: Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Methodology, Drug and Device Discovery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2024) | Viewed by 3673

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ioannis P. Tomos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
5th Pulmonary Medicine Department, Sotiria Chest Diseases Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
Interests: interstitial lung diseases; lung cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Today, personalised medicine represents one of the most critical pillars for achieving disease prevention, early diagnosis and treatment. Its importance has become more evident in pulmonary medicine as well, with various examples observed in the clinical practice. Molecular testing of lung cancer has broadened our therapeutic horizons, improving patients’ survival, while the introduction of immunotherapy has impressively changed the game. Moreover, the debate regarding genetic testing in interstitial lung diseases has been recently initiated, while targeted therapies have been increasingly used in severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite this progress, there are still major challenges to confront in the near future, including lung toxicity and ethical issues. However, it is almost certain that through diverse tools (omics, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics and sequencing technologies), researchers will manage to elucidate the molecular factors underlying the influence of genetic signatures on disease development and therapeutics.

The aim of this Special Issue is to shed light on novel insights of precision medicine in diverse pulmonary diseases by presenting the latest scientific evidence.

This Special Issue will focus on presenting recent advances in cutting-edge research regarding the identification of novel biomarkers, drug target discovery and novel therapeutics, as well as advances in technologies and resources in the field of respiratory diseases.

Dr. Ioannis P. Tomos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chronic pulmonary medicine diseases
  • interstitial lung diseases
  • lung cancer
  • asthma
  • precision diagnosis
  • biomarker discovery
  • pharmacogenetics
  • pharmacogenomics
  • sequencing technologies
  • lung toxicity
  • immune therapies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1818 KiB  
Article
Reversibility of the Enlargement of the Pulmonary Artery in COVID-19 Pneumonia as a Marker of Remission of the Disease
by Andreas M. Matthaiou, Nikoleta Bizymi, Konstantinos Pagonidis, Eirini Manousaki, Michail Fragkoulakis, Irini Lambiri, Ioanna Mitrouska, Eirini Vasarmidi, Nikolaos Tzanakis and Katerina M. Antoniou
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(2), 161; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14020161 - 31 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1199
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is associated with extensive pulmonary microangiopathy and the enlargement of the pulmonary artery (PA), while its progression after the remission of the disease has not been investigated yet. The aim was to assess the diametral increase in the [...] Read more.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is associated with extensive pulmonary microangiopathy and the enlargement of the pulmonary artery (PA), while its progression after the remission of the disease has not been investigated yet. The aim was to assess the diametral increase in the PA in COVID-19 pneumonia, as revealed on chest computed tomography (CT), and further investigate its progression. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, without prior history of pulmonary hypertension, who underwent CT pulmonary angiography before, during, and after the infection. Pulmonary embolism was excluded in all cases. The main PA diameter (MPAD) was assessed in consecutive chest imaging. Statistical analysis was performed with the non-parametric Wilcoxon and Kruskal–Wallis tests, while correlations were performed with the non-parametric Spearman test. A mean ± SD MPAD of 3.1 ± 0.3 cm in COVID-19 pneumonia was significantly decreased to 2.8 ± 0.3 cm in the post-infectious state after 2–18 months in 31 patients (p-value: <0.0001). In a subgroup of six patients with more than one post-COVID-19 CT, a significant further decline in the diameter was observed (p-value: 0.0313). On the other hand, in accordance with the literature, a significant increase in the MPAD during COVID-19 pneumonia was noted in a group of 10 patients with a pre-COVID-19 CT (p-value: 0.0371). The enlargement of the PA is a common finding in COVID-19 pneumonia that regresses after the remission of the disease, indicating that this reversible cardiovascular event is a potential marker of disease activity, while its course in long COVID is yet to be determined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Medicine: Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment)
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Review

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11 pages, 1685 KiB  
Review
Association of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Therapy and Vitamin E Supplementation with Vitamin K Deficiency-Induced Coagulopathy: A Case Report and Narrative Review of the Literature
by Andreas M. Matthaiou, Ioannis Tomos, Sofia Chaniotaki, Dimitrios Liakopoulos, Katerina Sakellaropoulou, Sofia Koukidou, Loredana-Mariana Gheorghe, Stefanos Eskioglou, Angeliki Paspalli, Georgios Hillas and Katerina Dimakou
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(9), 1349; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13091349 - 31 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2116
Abstract
Vitamin K is a lipid-soluble vitamin that is normally maintained within appropriate levels by means of dietary intake and bacterial production in the intestinal microflora. It holds a central role in coagulation homeostasis, and thus its depletion leads to hypocoagulation and haemorrhagic diathesis. [...] Read more.
Vitamin K is a lipid-soluble vitamin that is normally maintained within appropriate levels by means of dietary intake and bacterial production in the intestinal microflora. It holds a central role in coagulation homeostasis, and thus its depletion leads to hypocoagulation and haemorrhagic diathesis. The association of antibiotic therapy and vitamin E supplementation with vitamin K deficiency was previously described in animal experiments, clinical studies, and case reports. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy potentially leads to intestinal microflora dysbiosis and restriction of vitamin K-producing bacterial populations, resulting in decreased vitamin K levels, whereas antibiotics of the cephalosporin class with 1-N-methyl-5-thiotetrazole (NMTT) or 2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (MTD) side groups inhibit vitamin K function. Vitamin E supplementation interferes with both the bioavailability and function of vitamin K, yet its mechanisms are not fully understood. We present the case of a 45-year-old male patient, with a history of epilepsy and schizophrenia, catatonically incapacitated and immobilised, who was hospitalised in our centre for the investigation and management of aspiration pneumonia. He demonstrated a progressively worsening prolongation of international normalised ratio (INR), which was attributed to both broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and vitamin E supplementation and was reversed upon administration of vitamin K. We highlight the need for close monitoring of coagulation parameters in patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, especially those with underlying malnutritive or malabsorptive conditions, and we further recommend the avoidance of NMTT- or MTD-containing antibiotics or vitamin E supplementation, unless absolutely necessary, in those patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Medicine: Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment)
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