Infrared-Image Processing for Climate Change Monitoring from Space

Dear Colleagues,

The infrared spectral range extends from approximately 1 µm to 1 mm (300 GHz, including the terahertz radiation.). It is a broad spectrum with variable characteristics, which allows one to conduct different analyses on various subjects.

Historically, using the thermal infrared part of the spectrum was initiated for military purposes during World War I and II. Furthermore, this era was the advent of educating specialized personnel for the purpose of image acquisition and analysis. Only in the 1960s did the images become open to the broader public, but the first scientifically oriented mission launched in 1978.

Nowadays, various satellite and airborne missions are equipped with spectral bands in the infrared spectrum, and applications vary from agricultural to security. One of the most important application subjects is the analysis of high-temperature events, such as wildfires and volcanic eruptions.

Special particularities for IR image processing result from the following points:

• In some spectral ranges, the radiation of the examined body contributes almost exclusively to the recorded signal. However, there are spectral ranges where the reflected radiation of the observed body is superimposed on the natural radiation, which causes practical difficulties in distinguishing these two signals.
• In contrast to the visible spectral range, where one essentially works with photon detectors > 1 MPixel, IR detectors can be based on other detector principles (e.g., microbolometers). This changes the parameters of the recorded signal, e.g., noise behavior. The resolution of infrared sensors is usually well below 1 MPixel. Therefore, image quality, super-resolution and proof of resolution become decisive factors in the analysis.

Prof. Dr. Ralf Reulke
Ms. Agnieszka Soszyńska
Guest Editors

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• New detector technologies
• Detector and sensor principles
• New imaging technologies
• High resolution imaging
• Image quality determination
• Resolution improvement
• Sub-pixel stitching, staggering
• Object detection, tracking, etc.
• Detection of high-temperature events
• Characterization and parametrization of high-temperature events
• Multi- and hyperspectral imaging
• Radiation