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Dental Composite Resin: Characteristics and Future Perspectives
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Dental Composite Resin: Characteristics and Future Perspectives

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983). This special issue belongs to the section "Dental Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 5650

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Radu Marcel Chisnoiu

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Guest Editor
Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: restorative dentistry; dental materials; dental adhesion; cariology; biomaterials; endodontics
Dr. Ada Delean

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cariology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Str. Motilor 33, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: periodontitis; periodontal breakdown; conservative dentistry; finite elements analysis; numerical methods; orthodontic forces; orthodontics; physiology of tooth movement; endodontics; oral implantology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alexandrina Muntean

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Guest Editor
Department of Pedodontics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: biomaterials; enamel remineralisation; preventive dentistry; dental aesthetics; minimally invasive dentistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Maria Chisnoiu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” Medicine and Pharmacy University, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: prosthetic dentistry; temporomandibular joint disorders; dental materials and gels; fixed and removable restorations; digital dentistry; strategies in dental education; clinical and translational research in dentistry
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Dr. Monica Yamauti

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Guest Editor
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kitaku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Interests: adhesion; adhesive materials; adhesive interfaces; developmental dental defects; resin composite materials; glass–ionomer cements; preventive dentistry; cariology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dental resin composites have undergone significant advancements, focusing on improving aesthetics, strength, and biocompatibility. Future developments aim to enhance color matching, durability, and handling characteristics for easier placement. Efforts in biocompatibility enhancement seek to minimize adverse reactions and better integrate with oral tissues. Improvements in adhesive properties aim to strengthen bonds with tooth structure. Emerging trends include integrating bioactive and antibacterial agents for remineralization and cavity prevention. There is also a shift towards minimally invasive techniques and exploring nanotechnology for enhancing mechanical properties. Additionally, 3D printing holds promise for customizing dental restorations efficiently. The future of resin composites lies in continued research and innovation to optimize their performance and clinical outcomes in restorative dentistry.

The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight research in the field of dental materials and their application in dentistry, with a particular focus on restorative dentistry.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit an original research article or a review to this Special Issue.

Dr. Radu Marcel Chisnoiu
Dr. Ada Delean
Dr. Alexandrina Muntean
Dr. Andrea Maria Chisnoiu
Dr. Monica Yamauti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • restorative dentistry
  • dental adhesive systems
  • in vitro study
  • in vivo study
  • dental composites resins
  • dental materials

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 931 KB  
Article
Comparative in Vitro Evaluation of Marginal Sealing in Class I Composite Restorations Using Fifth- and Seventh-Generation Adhesives
by Serban Talpos Niculescu, Ioana Veja, George-Dumitru Constantin, Ioana Elena Lile, Christos Armeniakos, Ioana Roxana Munteanu and Tareq Hajaj
J. Funct. Biomater. 2025, 16(8), 301; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16080301 - 20 Aug 2025
Viewed by 720
Abstract
Background: A major challenge in adhesive dentistry, often leading to restoration failure, is microleakage. This in vitro comparative study was designed to assess microleakage at the tooth–composite interface. The investigation aimed to compare the sealing efficacy of two commonly used adhesive systems. Methods: [...] Read more.
Background: A major challenge in adhesive dentistry, often leading to restoration failure, is microleakage. This in vitro comparative study was designed to assess microleakage at the tooth–composite interface. The investigation aimed to compare the sealing efficacy of two commonly used adhesive systems. Methods: Standardized Class I cavities were prepared on 20 extracted human molars and randomly divided into two groups (n = 10 each). Group A was treated with a fifth-generation total-etch adhesive (OptiBond™ Solo Plus, Kerr Corporation, Orange, CA, USA), and Group B received a seventh-generation self-etch adhesive (Adhese® Universal VivaPen®, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein). All restorations were completed using Herculite XRV composite resin. Microleakage was evaluated using dye penetration analysis after immersion in 2% methylene blue for 10 days, followed by longitudinal sectioning and microscopic measurement at 500× magnification. Results: The fifth-generation adhesive group showed a mean microleakage of 0.2503 ± 0.1921 mm, while the seventh-generation group recorded 0.2484 ± 0.1764 mm. Statistical analysis using an independent t-test revealed no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.696). Conclusions: Both adhesive systems demonstrated comparable performance in minimizing microleakage under standardized conditions. Although the total-etch group exhibited slightly lower numerical values, the difference was not statistically significant. These findings suggest that both adhesive approaches can be clinically effective when applied appropriately. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Composite Resin: Characteristics and Future Perspectives)
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19 pages, 667 KB  
Article
The Influence of Bleaching Intensity and Laser Activation on the Durability of Selected Aesthetic Composites—An In Vitro Study
by Żaneta Anna Mierzejewska, Kamila Łukaszuk, Bartłomiej Rusztyn and Kacper Maliszewski
J. Funct. Biomater. 2025, 16(6), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16060193 - 23 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 865
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different bleaching protocols, including laser-assisted techniques, on the microhardness, surface roughness, and tribological resistance of selected light-cured composites. Three Estelite Universal Flow composites with different flow properties and G-aenial Universal Flo composites [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different bleaching protocols, including laser-assisted techniques, on the microhardness, surface roughness, and tribological resistance of selected light-cured composites. Three Estelite Universal Flow composites with different flow properties and G-aenial Universal Flo composites were tested. Each group underwent bleaching procedures using Opalescence agents at 10%, 16%, and 40% concentrations, with and without laser activation. Surface microhardness was assessed using the Vickers method, roughness was measured with 3D confocal laser microscopy, and friction coefficients and wear patterns were evaluated using tribological testing. All bleaching protocols resulted in reduced microhardness and increased surface roughness. The most significant changes were observed after treatment with 40% hydrogen peroxide. Laser application, particularly at 16% concentration of carbamide peroxide, helped to partially mitigate these effects in some materials. Bleaching procedures, especially those involving high peroxide concentrations, significantly deteriorated the surface properties of dental composites, which may have clinical implications for the patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Composite Resin: Characteristics and Future Perspectives)
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15 pages, 2827 KB  
Article
Enhancing Esthetics in Direct Dental Resin Composite: Investigating Surface Roughness and Color Stability
by Adrian Ioan Hajdu, Ramona Dumitrescu, Octavia Balean, Dacian Virgil Lalescu, Berivan Laura Rebeca Buzatu, Vanessa Bolchis, Lucian Floare, Diana Utu, Daniela Jumanca and Atena Galuscan
J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15(8), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15080208 - 25 Jul 2024
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3415
Abstract
Dental restorations must replicate the natural appearance of teeth while ensuring biocompatibility and durability. This study evaluated the surface characteristics and color stability of three dental composites—Herculite Ultra XRV, G-ænial A’CHORD, and Omnichroma—exposed to acidic beverages (red wine, black coffee, and Coca-Cola). Sixty [...] Read more.
Dental restorations must replicate the natural appearance of teeth while ensuring biocompatibility and durability. This study evaluated the surface characteristics and color stability of three dental composites—Herculite Ultra XRV, G-ænial A’CHORD, and Omnichroma—exposed to acidic beverages (red wine, black coffee, and Coca-Cola). Sixty disk-shaped specimens were prepared, polished, and immersed in these beverages. Surface roughness was assessed using profilometry and SEM analysis, hydrophobicity via contact angle analysis, and surface charge through streaming potential measurements. Color stability was evaluated using a spectrophotometer, and the pH levels of the solutions were recorded. Results showed that Herculite Ultra XRV had the highest mean contact angle (79.46° ± 6.52), indicating superior hydrophobicity, while Omnichroma had the lowest (64.94° ± 3.08), indicating more hydrophilicity. Significant color changes were observed, especially in black coffee, with ∆E values indicating notable discoloration. The acidic pH of the solutions increased surface roughness and color changes. Statistical analyses confirmed significant increases in surface roughness and color change for all composites, with the nanohybrid resin composite showing the greatest variability. These findings highlight the need for dental restorative materials with enhanced resistance to acidic environments to improve the longevity and esthetics of dental treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Composite Resin: Characteristics and Future Perspectives)
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