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Clinical Advances in Inflammatory Heart Diseases

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 1486

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Cardiology Department, Lanchashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool FY3 8NR, UK
2. Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK
Interests: cardiology; cardiac electrophysiology; cardiac devices; heart failure; atherosclerosis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammatory diseases of the heart encompass pericarditis, myocarditis, and endocarditis. Inflammation of heart is caused either by infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites or non infectious such as systemic autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, drugs, toxins, or vaccines. Acute pericarditis is the commonest inflammatory heart disorder compared to acute myocarditis and infective endocarditis. Myocarditis constitutes a common cause of sudden cardiac death and dilated cardiomyopathy. Current data suggest that patients with biopsy-proven myocarditis may consequently develop dilated cardiomyopathy, associated with adverse outcomes. The epidemiology of IE has gradually modified with healthcare, representing 25–30% of contemporary cohorts due to the greater use of intravenous lines and intracardiac devices. Complicated cases of endocarditis accompanied by heart failure, valvular damage, and structural destruction (abscess, perforation, fistula formation) should be managed by a dedicated endocarditis team.

Cardiac amyloidosis can lead to cardiac dysfunction while intramyocardial inflammation directly correlated with increased mortality. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease with 50% of cases with cardiac involvement. The disease spectrum is wide, and cardiac manifestations range from being asymptomatic to heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of many common cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular involvement is a well-known feature of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, thus, its early recognition and management is vital.

Classic inflammatory markers and novel ones such as circulating miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for diagnosis and disease monitoring in the context of inflammatory heart diseases. This Special Issue aims to cover the entire spectrum of inflammatory cardiac diseases elucidating underlying pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms, novel biomarkers, therapeutic algorithms, diagnostic techniques, and contemporary treatment targets.

Dr. Ioanna Koniari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • inflammation
  • inflammatory cardiac disease
  • myocarditis
  • pericarditis
  • endocarditis
  • sarcoidosis
  • amyloidosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 281 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Neutrophil-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D on Ischemic Heart Disease
by Ewelina A. Dziedzic, Jakub S. Gąsior, Kamila Koseska, Michał Karol, Ewa Czestkowska, Kamila Pawlińska and Wacław Kochman
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(21), 6597; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13216597 - 2 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1056
Abstract
Background: This study describes the complex association between the neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as stable ischemic heart disease (IHD), ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA). [...] Read more.
Background: This study describes the complex association between the neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as stable ischemic heart disease (IHD), ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA). Methods: The serum 25(OH)D concentration and NHR values were analyzed in groups of patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis was determined using the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) scale. Results: Significant differences in 25(OH)D and NHR concentrations were observed between CCS and (ACS)/STEMI patients (p < 0.01). Higher 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with the diagnosis of CCS, and higher NHR values with the diagnosis of ACS/STEMI. The NHR threshold for ACS was set at 0.10 (p < 0.001). Patients without significant coronary artery stenosis showed significantly higher 25(OH)D levels and lower NHR values (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The significant correlation between 25(OH)D, HDL, and the NHR suggests that vitamin D, through its influence on inflammatory processes and lipid metabolism, may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic and acute coronary syndromes. The suggested bidirectional relationship between the NHR and 25(OH)D and the role of the NHR as a predictor of vitamin D levels require further well-designed studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Inflammatory Heart Diseases)
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