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Clinical Imaging Guidelines and Treatment Strategies for Digestive System Diseases

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2024) | Viewed by 9094

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Dr. Rachel Gingold-Belfer

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Guest Editor

1. School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
2. Department of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva , Israel
Interests: colorectal disease; colonoscopy; recatl polyps
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastrointestinal diseases constitute hugely diverse disorders related to the liver, pancreas, bile tract, esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and colon. In recent years, an enormous progression in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases has occurred due to the development of new instruments and technological methods, such as Fibroscan instead of liver biopsy for the evaluation of liver fibrosis in Hepatitis C, mechanical devices for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), using fecal microbiota for the treatment of Clostridium difficile, and so on. The aim of this issue is to provide a platform for clinical research and clinicians in the field of gastrointestinal diseases to publish their research findings and updated reviews on topics related to the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Papers on treatments for GERD and their impact, the diagnosis of liver diseases, small bowel US for IBD evaluation, the impact of GFD for CD, etc., are invited.

Dr. Rachel Gingold-Belfer
Guest Editor

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Keywords

celiac disease
GERD
liver
IBD
imaging
GI

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

8 pages, 756 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Upper and Lower Endoscopic Findings in Mesenteric Panniculitis Patients: A Case-Control Study

by Hagai Schweistein, Yoav Weintraub, Tzipi Hornik-Lurie, Hassan Haskiya, Adi Rave, Ahinoam Glusman Bendersky, Nidal Issa, Timna Naftali and Rachel Gingold-Belfer

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(22), 6709; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13226709 - 8 Nov 2024

Viewed by 1089

Abstract

Background: The natural history and prognosis of mesenteric panniculitis (MP) are not well-described. Despite referral for colonoscopy being common for this indication, colonoscopy findings in MP patients have not been reported. Therefore, we aimed to describe upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy findings in patients with mesenteric panniculitis, compared to matched controls, to investigate their clinical outcomes including incidence of malignancy and mortality. Methods: Retrospective case–control study was conducted, and included patients who were diagnosed with mesenteric panniculitis according to Coulier radiologic criteria on abdominal computerized tomography between 1/2005 and 12/2019, and followed to 12/2021. The case group was compared to a matched control group without MP on abdominal CT. Clinical data and the upper and lower endoscopies’ reports were reviewed in both groups. We excluded patients who, beyond diagnosis of MP, were also diagnosed with current malignancy, significant intra-abdominal morbidity or inflammatory bowel disease. Results: The initial set of 376 patients with MP, after exclusion, included 187 patients. A total of 56.1% were male, with a mean age 60 ± 15 years. Of them, 74 (39%) patients underwent follow-up CT scans, which demonstrated, in 66 (89.2%) patients, a stable MP without any aggravation. Colonoscopy was performed in 89 MP patients, and 98/187 controls. No significant difference in the colonoscopies’ findings was found between the two groups. Gastroscopy was performed in 84 MP and 79 controls. No case of gastric cancer was found. No statistically significant difference was found in the rate of gastroscopy findings. By the end of the follow-up period, malignancy was diagnosed in four patients of the MP group. None were colon cancer. The mortality rate in the MP group was 3.2%, without a significant difference compared to the controls. None were MP related. Conclusions: MP identified on abdominal CT is not associated with pathologic endoscopy findings or future diagnosis of colon cancer, and also has no impact on mortality rate. Since repeating abdominal CT did not reveal any disease progression, the necessity of follow-up imaging for MP should be carefully reconsidered. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Imaging Guidelines and Treatment Strategies for Digestive System Diseases)

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11 pages, 245 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Diet and Symptom Severity in Disorder of Gut–Brain Interaction

by Wioleta Faruga-Lewicka, Agnieszka Bielaszka, Wiktoria Staśkiewicz-Bartecka, Sabina Opiołka, Agata Kiciak and Marek Kardas

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(14), 4132; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144132 - 15 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1704

Abstract

Background: Disorders of gut–brain interaction are chronic or recurrent symptoms originating in the gastrointestinal tract that cannot be substantiated by the results of standard clinical tests, such as radiologic studies, morphologies, or endoscopic examination. The diagnosis of these disorders is mainly based on symptoms and the standardized Rome IV criteria. These criteria classify functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract according to anatomical location and define each disorder according to a set of symptoms. Methods: This study was conducted between October 2021 and February 2022. Participants in the study were patients of a gastroenterology outpatient clinic with a functional disease diagnosed by a gastroenterologist. A questionnaire was used to conduct the study, with questions regarding perceived functional discomforts of the gastrointestinal tract, dietary changes to alleviate discomforts, and frequency of consumption of various food groups. Results: Based on the study, statistical significance was demonstrated between the gender of the respondents and the severity of gastrointestinal complaints after the consumption of legumes and alcohol. The analysis performed confirmed the correlation between the age of the respondents and the severity of complaints when consuming raw vegetables and fruits, brassica vegetables, legumes, fried products, and spicy products. There was also a significant correlation between the body mass index (BMI) of the respondents and the severity of complaints after alcohol consumption. Conclusions: The results identify abdominal pain, bloating, and constipation as the most commonly reported gastrointestinal symptoms among participants. The association between the consumption of certain foods, such as milk and dairy products, as well as fried and fatty foods, and the severity of disorders of gut–brain interaction symptoms was confirmed. Despite this, the majority of respondents did not eliminate any food products to alleviate the discomfort. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Imaging Guidelines and Treatment Strategies for Digestive System Diseases)

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13 pages, 2067 KiB

Open AccessArticle

RETRACTED: A Phase III Head-to-Head Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Fexuprazan and Esomeprazole in Treating Patients with Erosive Esophagitis

by Yuchul Jeong, Beom Jun Lee and Se-Hyeon Han

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(11), 3262; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113262 - 31 May 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3370 | Retraction

Abstract

Background: Fexuprazan (Fexuclue^®; Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea) is a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB). This multi-center, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel-group, therapeutic confirmatory, phase III study was conducted to assess its efficacy and safety compared with esomeprazole (Nexium^®; AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden) in Korean patients with erosive esophagitis (EE). Methods: This study evaluated patients diagnosed with EE at a total of 25 institutions in Korea between 13 December 2018 and 7 August 2019. After voluntarily submitting a written informed consent form, the patients were evaluated using a screening test and then randomized to either of the two treatment arms. The proportion of the patients who achieved the complete recovery of mucosal breaks at 4 and 8 weeks, the proportion of those who achieved the complete recovery of heartburn at 3 and 7 days and 8 weeks, and changes in the GERD–Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (GERD-HRQL) scores at 4 and 8 weeks from baseline served as efficacy outcome measures. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and the serum gastrin levels served as safety outcome measures. Results: The study population comprised a total of 231 patients (n = 231) with EE, including 152 men (65.80%) and 79 women (34.20%); their mean age was 54.37 ± 12.66 years old. There were no significant differences in the efficacy and safety outcome measures between the two treatment arms (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the efficacy and safety of Fexuclue^® are not inferior to those of esomeprazole in Korean patients with EE. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Imaging Guidelines and Treatment Strategies for Digestive System Diseases)

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13 pages, 1308 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Diagnosis, Clinical Presentation and Management of Celiac Disease in Children and Adolescents in Poland

by Joanna B. Bierła, Anna Szaflarska-Popławska, Urszula Grzybowska-Chlebowczyk, Beata Oralewska, Marta Cyba, Grzegorz Oracz, Ewa Konopka, Bożena Cukrowska, Małgorzata Syczewska, Honorata Kołodziejczyk, Petra Rižnik and Jernej Dolinšek

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(3), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030765 - 29 Jan 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2274

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals, affecting about 1% of the general population in the developed world. In 2012, the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) recommendations for CD diagnoses in children and adolescents were introduced, allowing the “no-biopsy” approach if certain criteria were met. This approach was also confirmed in the revised guidelines published in 2020. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess—over a one-year period—the clinical presentations and current status of the management of children and adolescents diagnosed with CD in Poland. Medical records of children and adolescents, newly diagnosed with CD in 2022/2023 in three medical centers in Poland, were involved. Gastroenterologists completed the specific anonymous web-based forms developed in the CD SKILLS project, including data routinely assessed at individual visits about the diagnostic approach and clinical presentation of the disease. Our study assessed 100 patients (56% girls) with an age range 1.6–18.0 years. We found that 98% of patients were serologically tested prior to a CD diagnosis and 58% of patients were diagnosed using the “no-biopsy” approach. In the analyzed group, 40% belonged to a known risk group, only 22% had annual screening before the CD diagnosis (the longest for 9 years), and 19% showed no symptoms at the time of the CD diagnosis. Our research confirmed the applicability of the “no-biopsy” approach for the diagnosis of CD in children and adolescents in Poland, and also showed changes in the clinical picture of CD. Moreover, we highlight the need to introduce broad CD serological screening in risk groups of the Polish population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Imaging Guidelines and Treatment Strategies for Digestive System Diseases)

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