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Novel Developments on Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiovascular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 316

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
Interests: atrial fibrillation; supraventricular arrhythmia; cardiovascular risk; oxidative stress; inflammation

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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Victor Babes din Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: cardiovascular disease; cardiology; arithmology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent form of supraventricular arrhythmia, with increasing global significance due to its association with various cardiovascular risks. Recent investigations reveal that oxidative stress and inflammation play pivotal roles in its pathology. Understanding these underlying mechanisms is crucial for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue, which will focus on the multifaceted relationship between oxidative stress, inflammation, and atrial fibrillation.

The primary objective of this Special Issue is to explore innovative approaches for mitigating the incidence of atrial fibrillation by integrating various therapeutic modalities. This includes examining the interplay between diet, physical activity, traditional medicine, and pharmacotherapy for reducing oxidative and inflammatory burdens. We encourage submissions that align closely with the journal's scope, which can be found in the Journal Menu under Aims and Scope. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of integrative medicine strategies for the management of atrial fibrillation.

We welcome original research articles and review papers. Potential research areas include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Mechanisms of oxidative stress in atrial fibrillation;
  • The role of inflammatory markers in supraventricular arrhythmias;
  • Integrative approaches to managing atrial fibrillation (diet, exercise, and traditional practices);
  • Pharmacological interventions targeting oxidative and inflammatory pathways.

We look forward to receiving your valuable contributions.

Prof. Dr. Elena Bobescu
Dr. Mihaela-Viviana Ivan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • atrial fibrillation
  • supraventricular arrhythmia
  • cardiovascular risk
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 470 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of CHA2DS2-VA Score and Systemic Inflammatory Indexes in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Case–Control Study
by Abdulkadir Cakmak, Sirin Cetin, Ercan Kahraman and Meryem Cetin
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(13), 4601; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134601 - 29 Jun 2025
Viewed by 94
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is a prevalent arrhythmia associated with elevated risks of stroke, systemic embolism, and mortality. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of inflammation in NVAF pathogenesis. The CHA2DS2-VA score is currently the most powerful tool [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is a prevalent arrhythmia associated with elevated risks of stroke, systemic embolism, and mortality. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of inflammation in NVAF pathogenesis. The CHA2DS2-VA score is currently the most powerful tool used in the management of patients with atrial fibrillation, and integrating novel inflammatory biomarkers—neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI)—into this score may enhance prognostic accuracy and guide personalized therapy. Methods: In this observational case–control study, a cohort of 330 NVAF patients and 201 controls, inflammatory and biochemical parameters were measured and compared, we employed multivariate logistic regression and ROC analyses to validate the discriminative power of novel inflammatory indexes and novel CHA2DS2-VA score, setting a new benchmark for biomarker integration in NVAF management. Results: Inflammatory indexes (NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI) were significantly higher in NVAF patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified NLR (OR = 4.02), PLR (OR = 1.04), SII (OR = 1.01), and SIRI (OR = 1.87) as independent NVAF risk markers. The CHA2DS2-VA score showed the strongest association with NVAF (OR = 5.55), and an optimal cutoff of ≥2 yielded 88.18% sensitivity and 74.63% specificity. Conclusions: Inflammatory markers NLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI, when assessed alongside the CHA2DS2-VA score, offer significant and complementary prognostic insight for patients with NVAF. These findings support the integration of inflammatory indexes into routine clinical risk assessment models to enhance early identification of high-risk individuals and inform personalized therapeutic strategies. Moreover, our findings provide a rationale for developing composite risk scores in future studies that integrate inflammatory biomarkers with the CHA2DS2-VA score (e.g., a CHA2DS2-VA-Inflammation Score). Further large-scale, longitudinal studies are warranted to validate these results and explore the benefits of inflammation-targeted interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Developments on Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation)
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