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Recent Advances in Glaucoma Management

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Ophthalmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 December 2025 | Viewed by 2675

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
Interests: glaucoma; glaucoma surgery; MIGS; intraocular pressure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We have seen remarkable innovations in glaucoma treatment and management over the last ten years. The way we treat glaucoma is continuously changing and improving with the introduction of novel medications, laser procedures, and surgical methods. Patients’ quality of life has never been put so much at the center of our glaucoma management as today. In this Special Issue, we would like to highlight some of the recent advances in glaucoma treatment and management that have the potential to change our daily clinical practice.

Dr. Bogomil Voykov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • glaucoma
  • MIGS
  • microinvasive glaucoma surgery
  • quality of life
  • sustained-release drugs
  • wound healing modula-tion
  • intraocular pressure
  • intraocular pressure-lowering medication
  • microstent-supported bleb surgery
  • MIBS
  • neuroprotection

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1138 KiB  
Article
Mid-Term Surgical Outcomes of T-Hook, 360° Suture Trabeculotomy, Kahook Dual Blade, and Tanito Microhook Procedures: A Comparative Study
by Etsuo Chihara and Tomoyuki Chihara
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(13), 4610; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134610 - 29 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Aim: To compare the three-year surgical outcomes among the Kahook dual blade (KDB), Tanito microhook (TMH), T-hook, and 360° suture trabeculotomy (S-lot) cohorts. Study design: Retrospective interventional comparative study conducted at a single eye center. Subjects and Methods: A total [...] Read more.
Aim: To compare the three-year surgical outcomes among the Kahook dual blade (KDB), Tanito microhook (TMH), T-hook, and 360° suture trabeculotomy (S-lot) cohorts. Study design: Retrospective interventional comparative study conducted at a single eye center. Subjects and Methods: A total of 224 eyes that underwent combined cataract surgery with either KDB, TMH, T-hook, or S-lot procedures were retrospectively analyzed over the three-year period. Results: According to Tukey’s multiple comparison test, postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) in the S-lot cohort was significantly lower than in the TMH cohort from 1 month to 3 years (p = 0.01 to <0.001), lower than in the KDB cohort between 6 months and 1 year (p = 0.026 to <0.001), and lower than in the T-hook cohort at 1 month (p = 0.012) and from 6 to 12 months (p < 0.001). The survival probability of achieving ≤15 mmHg and ≤18 mmHg in the S-lot cohort was significantly better than in others by p < 0.001 and 0.005, respectively. At 3 months, the T-hook cohort showed significantly lower IOP than the TMH cohort (p = 0.029), and at 1 week, IOP was marginally lower than in the KDB (p = 0.063) and TMH (p = 0.052) cohorts, based on Dunnett’s test. However, no significant differences in postoperative IOP were observed among the three sectorial canal-opening surgery (COS) groups beyond 6 months. Conclusions: Among the four MIGS cohorts, S-lot provided the most substantial mid-term postoperative IOP reduction. The T-hook cohort showed marginally superior IOP reduction at 1 week compared to the KDB and TMH groups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Glaucoma Management)
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11 pages, 1447 KiB  
Article
Two-Year Results of XEN Gel Stent Implantation for Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma in Phakic versus Pseudophakic Eyes
by Emil Nasyrov, David A. Merle, Caroline J. Gassel, Daniel A. Wenzel and Bogomil Voykov
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(14), 4066; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144066 - 11 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1320
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate whether phakia affects the outcome of XEN-45 gel stent implantation in the treatment of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG). Methods: A retrospective, comparative cohort study of 30 phakic and 55 pseudophakic PXG patients who received the XEN-45 gel stent at [...] Read more.
Objectives: To investigate whether phakia affects the outcome of XEN-45 gel stent implantation in the treatment of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG). Methods: A retrospective, comparative cohort study of 30 phakic and 55 pseudophakic PXG patients who received the XEN-45 gel stent at a tertiary centre. The primary outcome measure was two-year success defined as a ≥20% lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP) and a target IOP of 6–21 mmHg. Success was complete without and qualified irrespective of antiglaucoma medication use. Further glaucoma surgery other than needling was regarded as a failure. The secondary outcome measures included changes in IOP, revision and complication rates. Results: The complete two-year success rates were 70% and 59% in the phakic and pseudophakic groups, respectively (p = 0.75, log-rank test), and the qualified rates were 80% and 72%, respectively (p = 0.89). The median IOP reduction from baseline was 54% in phakic, and 46% in pseudophakic eyes. While needling rates were similar, the incidence of early incisional bleb revisions was significantly higher in the phakic eyes (13% vs. 0% within 3 months; p = 0.0098, chi-square). Increasing after a year, significantly more pseudophakic eyes failed due to secondary glaucoma surgery (16% vs. 0%; p = 0.0191). Conclusions: The XEN-45 gel stent offers equally effective IOP control for both phakic and pseudophakic patients. However, the onset of bleb revisions and the necessity for secondary glaucoma surgery differed significantly between the groups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Glaucoma Management)
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23 pages, 5685 KiB  
Systematic Review
Telemonitoring Tools for Glaucoma Patients: A Systematic Review of Current Trends and Applications
by Jeniffer Jesus, Catarina Aguiar, Dália Meira, Ignacio Rodriguez-Una and João M. Beirão
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(10), 3317; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14103317 - 9 May 2025
Viewed by 509
Abstract
Background/Objectives: In 2010, approximately 60.5 million people were affected by glaucoma, making it the leading cause of permanent vision impairment globally. With the rise of telehealth tools and technological advancements in glaucoma care, this review aims to provide an up-to-date analysis regarding [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: In 2010, approximately 60.5 million people were affected by glaucoma, making it the leading cause of permanent vision impairment globally. With the rise of telehealth tools and technological advancements in glaucoma care, this review aims to provide an up-to-date analysis regarding remote monitoring systems in glaucoma management. Methods: A systematic literature search (in compliance with PRISMA guidelines) was conducted across six databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) and one grey literature source (Google Scholar), covering the period from 2000 to 2024. Relevant studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria were identified and analyzed. Results: The search identified 21 eligible studies focusing on various glaucoma telemonitoring tools. Several studies demonstrated the potential for continuous remote intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring and highlighted the effectiveness of home-based visual field-testing technologies (e.g., Melbourne Rapid Fields, Eyecatcher, and VF-Home), which showed results closely matching in-clinic tests. All 21 studies underwent risk of bias assessment with appropriate tools based on study design, and none showed a high overall risk of bias, indicating robust methodology. Conclusions: Glaucoma telemonitoring tools are feasible and cost-effective, helping to reduce patient travel and waiting times and improving patient satisfaction. However, periodic in-person examinations remain necessary to optimally monitor disease progression and adjust treatments. Future directions should focus on interdisciplinary collaboration and the development of advanced algorithms (including artificial intelligence) to further enhance patient outcomes in teleglaucoma care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Glaucoma Management)
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