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High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) and Noninvasive Ventilation: What Is New...
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High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) and Noninvasive Ventilation: What Is New in Acute, Chronic and Rehabilitation Settings?

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Respiratory Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 September 2025 | Viewed by 1529

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Paola Pierucci

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Guest Editor
Cardio thoracic department, Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: NIV; HFNC; noninvasive ventilation; home mechanical ventilati
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Anna Annunziata

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Guest Editor
Department of Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: pneumology; intensive care; rare disease; non invasive mechanical ventilation; invasive mechanical ventilation; weaning from tracheostomy; neuromuscular disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

This Special Issue aims to explore advancements and emerging trends in the utilization of diverse respiratory support therapies for patients at the acute, post-acute, and chronic/rehabilitation phases of chronic respiratory diseases.

In recent years, clinicians and intensivists have been compelled to find new practices to optimize the use of and to tailor all respiratory support interventions in aiding patients suffering from respiratory insufficiency.

Novel developments in this field would help to provide the scientific community with innovative ideas to support patients with all respiratory diseases, from restrictive to obstructive diseases, during the acute, post-acute, and chronic/rehabilitation phases of respiratory insufficiency.

We welcome the submission of all manuscripts focused on describing new proposals, emerging trends, and advances in the field of mechanical respiratory support modalities and their applications during the acute, post-acute, and chronic/rehabilitation phases of respiratory insufficiency.

Dr. Paola Pierucci
Dr. Anna Annunziata
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • NIV
  • HFNC
  • noninvasive ventilation
  • acute respiratory insufficiency
  • chronic respiratory insufficiency

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 1322 KiB  
Article
Long-Term High-Flow Nasal Therapy in Patients with Bronchiectasis of Different Severity: A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Cecilia Calabrese, Santi Nolasco, Anna Annunziata, Alessio Sola, Pasquale Imitazione, Raffaele Campisi, Francesca Simioli, Marco Balestrino, Laura Ferrentino, Carlo Vancheri, Claudia Crimi and Giuseppe Fiorentino
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(20), 6146; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206146 - 15 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1196
Abstract
Background/Objectives: High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) has been shown to reduce exacerbations of COPD and some evidence displays benefits in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) patients. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of 12 months of home HFNT on the annual exacerbation [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) has been shown to reduce exacerbations of COPD and some evidence displays benefits in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) patients. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of 12 months of home HFNT on the annual exacerbation rate between mild/moderate and severe NCFB patients, classified by the bronchiectasis severity index (BSI). Secondary outcomes were the evaluation of the dyspnea, pulmonary function, and sputum cultures in both groups. Methods: The study population included NCFB adult patients, with at least one severe exacerbation in the previous year on optimized therapy. NCFB exacerbations, dyspnea (mMRC score), pulmonary function test, and sputum cultures were assessed at baseline and after 12 months of HFNT. Results: A total of 86 NCFB patients were enrolled: 36 in the mild/moderate (BSI < 9) and 50 in the severe (BSI ≥ 9) group. A significant improvement in the annual exacerbation rate was found in both BSI ≥ 9 (p < 0.0001) and BSI < 9 cohorts (p < 0.0001), with a between-group difference of −1 (95% CI: −2 to 0) exacerbations per year (p = 0.0209). The change in the annual exacerbation rate was significantly correlated with BSI (ρ = −0.26, p = 0.0151) and with HFNT daily use (ρ = −0.22, p = 0.0460). The mMRC score significantly improved by −2 points (95% CI: −2 to −1) after treatment in both groups (p < 0.0001). The percentage of patients with P. aeruginosa colonization decreased from 34.9% to 27.9%. Conclusions: Long-term HFNT reduces the annual exacerbation rate in NCFB patients and its effectiveness increases alongside disease severity and daily use of HFNT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) and Noninvasive Ventilation: What Is New in Acute, Chronic and Rehabilitation Settings?)
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