Advances in Rheumatology: From Bench to Bedside

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2025 | Viewed by 1852

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: SAPHO syndrome; adult still's disease; arthritis; synovitis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammation is a normal physiological response against infection and tissue damage. However, in autoimmune disease, this process becomes dysregulated, leading to significant tissue and organ damage. Advancing our understanding of inflammatory physiology is essential for developing new treatment strategies for autoimmune diseases and identifying novel biomarkers of inflammation.

Recent advancements in our understanding of the inflammation pathophysiology have led to the development of molecules targeting specific pathways involved in the initiation and perpetuation of autoimmune diseases. This Special Issue will explore novel therapeutic strategies, including B-cell depletion, T-regulatory cell repletion, cell signalling inhibitors, and small molecular inhibitors.

Translational medicine transforms scientific discoveries from laboratory, clinical or population studies into new clinical tools and applications. This approach aims to improve human health by reducing disease incidence, morbidity, and mortality.

The “bench to bedside” (B2B) approach seeks to convert promising scientific findings into practical applications, facilitating disease prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. It bridges the gap between laboratory and clinical practice, translating basic experimental findings into theories, technologies, and methods. This means that translational medicine is a two-way concept, which includes the following:

  1. Promoting the transition from laboratory research to patient care, improving the clinical evaluation of new therapeutic strategies;
  2. Facilitating the feedback loop from clinical settings to laboratory research, refining and enhancing new treatments based on clinical observations and outcomes.

Dr. Matteo Colina
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • autoimmune disease
  • inflammation pathophysiology
  • novel therapeutic strategies
  • translational medicine
  • bench to bedside (B2B)
  • disease biomarkers

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 261 KiB  
Article
Minimally Invasive vs. Open Synovectomy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Insights into Clinical Recovery, Systemic Inflammation, and Economic Impact
by Marc-Dan Blajovan, Ahmed Abu-Awwad, Daniel-Laurentiu Pop, Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad, Cristina Tudoran, Daniela Gurgus, Madalina Otilia Timircan, Anca Dinu and Cosmin Ioan Faur
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(5), 1519; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051519 - 24 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 378
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, leading to joint destruction and disability. Synovectomy, the surgical removal of inflamed synovial tissue, is performed when pharmacological treatments are insufficient. This study compares the clinical efficacy, systemic inflammatory [...] Read more.
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, leading to joint destruction and disability. Synovectomy, the surgical removal of inflamed synovial tissue, is performed when pharmacological treatments are insufficient. This study compares the clinical efficacy, systemic inflammatory response, and cost-effectiveness of minimally invasive arthroscopic synovectomy versus traditional open synovectomy in RA patients. Methods: A comparative observational study was conducted on 53 RA patients undergoing either arthroscopic (n = 30) or open synovectomy (n = 23) at “Pius Brînzeu” Timișoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital over nine years. Clinical outcomes, including pain relief (VAS), functional improvement (HAQ), complication rates, and recovery times, were assessed at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Systemic inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, ESR, and fibrinogen) were measured preoperatively, at 48 h and 30 days postoperatively. A cost-effectiveness analysis evaluated direct and indirect healthcare costs. Results: Arthroscopic synovectomy demonstrated significantly faster pain reduction and functional recovery within the first three months (p < 0.001), shorter hospital stays (3.1 vs. 6.4 days, p < 0.001), and quicker returns to daily activities (14.5 vs. 22.3 days, p < 0.001) compared to open synovectomy. Inflammatory markers were significantly lower postoperatively in the arthroscopic group (p < 0.01), indicating reduced systemic inflammation. Complication rates were markedly lower in the arthroscopic group (26.66% vs. 82.60%, p < 0.001). Despite higher procedural costs, arthroscopic synovectomy proved more cost-effective due to reduced hospitalization and faster recovery. Conclusions: Arthroscopic synovectomy offers superior early postoperative outcomes, reduced systemic inflammation, and greater cost-effectiveness compared to open synovectomy, with comparable long-term joint stability. These findings support its preference as the surgical technique of choice for RA patients requiring synovectomy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Rheumatology: From Bench to Bedside)

Review

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31 pages, 867 KiB  
Review
Precision Medicine in Rheumatology: The Role of Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Treatment Optimization
by Matteo Colina and Gabriele Campana
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(5), 1735; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051735 - 4 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1039
Abstract
Rheumatic diseases encompass a wide range of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and systemic sclerosis (SSc). These conditions often result in chronic pain, disability, and reduced quality of life, with unpredictable disease courses [...] Read more.
Rheumatic diseases encompass a wide range of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and systemic sclerosis (SSc). These conditions often result in chronic pain, disability, and reduced quality of life, with unpredictable disease courses that may lead to joint destruction, organ damage, or systemic complications. Biomarkers, defined as measurable indicators of biological processes or conditions, have the potential to transform clinical practice by improving disease diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and treatment decisions. While significant strides have been made in identifying and validating biomarkers in rheumatic diseases, challenges remain in their standardization, clinical utility, and integration into routine practice. This review provides an overview of the current state of biomarkers in rheumatic diseases, their roles in clinical settings, and the emerging advancements in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Rheumatology: From Bench to Bedside)
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