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Alcohol Related Pathologies
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Alcohol Related Pathologies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 21034

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marco Domenicali

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Head of Scuola di Specializzazione Geriatria, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Interests: alcohol use disorder; liver cirrhosis; alcohol-related pathologies; sarcopenia
Dr. Paola Dongiovanni

E-Mail
Co-Guest Editor
1. Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
2.General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Interests: liver diseases; genetics; metabolism; molecular biology; NAFLD; NASH; insulin resistance; biomarkers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Alcohol is at least partially responsible for more than 200 diseases and injury-related health conditions, including alcohol dependence, liver cirrhosis, cancers, and injuries. In 2012, the Word Health Organization estimated that 5.1% of the burden of disease worldwide (139 million disability-adjusted life-years) was attributable to alcohol consumption.

Indeed, excessive alcohol consumption may modulate many molecular mechanisms involved in inflammation, immunity, and cell proliferation at the basis of pathology development.

The understanding of these mechanisms can lead to new therapies or preventive strategies.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences will focus on “Alcohol-Induced Pathologies”, including new insights into the molecular mechanisms and the pathophysiology at the basis of alcohol-induced damages.

Dr. Marco Domenicali
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Alcohol
  • Alcohol Use disorders
  • hepatotoxicity
  • alcoholic liver disease pathophysiology
  • molecular biology
  • genetic
  • biomarkers

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2385 KiB  
Article
Alcohol-Induced Mesenteric Lymphatic Permeability: Link to Immunometabolic Modulation of Perilymphatic Adipose Tissue
by Flavia M. Souza-Smith, Liz Simon, Robert Siggins and Patricia E. Molina
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(17), 4097; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174097 - 22 Aug 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3660
Abstract
Alcohol exerts significant immunomodulatory effects on innate and adaptive immune responses, impairing host defense against infections. Gut-mucosa-derived dendritic cells (DCs) traffic to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) through mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs), contributing to intestinal antigen homeostasis. Previously, we demonstrated that acute alcohol administration [...] Read more.
Alcohol exerts significant immunomodulatory effects on innate and adaptive immune responses, impairing host defense against infections. Gut-mucosa-derived dendritic cells (DCs) traffic to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) through mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs), contributing to intestinal antigen homeostasis. Previously, we demonstrated that acute alcohol administration to male rats induces MLV hyperpermeability resulting in perilymphatic adipose tissue (PLAT) inflammation and insulin signaling dysregulation. We hypothesized that alcohol-induced MLV hyperpermeability can lead to DC leakage to PLAT. DCs promote adipose tissue regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion, and this has been proposed as a mechanism underlying age-associated insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study was to determine whether chronic alcohol consumption promotes DC leakage to PLAT and results in metabolic dysregulation. Male rats received a Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet containing 36% of calories from alcohol for 10 weeks. Time-matched control animals were pair-fed. PLAT, MLNs, and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) were isolated for flow cytometry analyses. PLAT explants were used for determinations of insulin-induced glucose uptake. Chronic alcohol consumption decreased MLN CD4/CD8 ratio and Treg frequency in PBLs. Alcohol increased the frequency of DCs, CD4 T cells, and Tregs in PLAT. Lastly, alcohol decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in PLAT. Collectively, these findings suggest that alcohol-induced immune cell deviation from the gut–MLN pathway is associated with PLAT immunometabolic dysregulation. Whether this immune cell deviation impacts induction of mucosal immunity warrants further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol Related Pathologies)
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Review

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22 pages, 435 KiB  
Review
Alcohol or Gut Microbiota: Who Is the Guilty?
by Marica Meroni, Miriam Longo and Paola Dongiovanni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(18), 4568; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184568 - 14 Sep 2019
Cited by 108 | Viewed by 10799
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a disorder caused by excessive alcohol intake represents a global health care burden. ALD encompasses a broad spectrum of hepatic injuries including asymptomatic steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The susceptibility of alcoholic patients to [...] Read more.
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a disorder caused by excessive alcohol intake represents a global health care burden. ALD encompasses a broad spectrum of hepatic injuries including asymptomatic steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The susceptibility of alcoholic patients to develop ALD is highly variable and its progression to more advanced stages is strongly influenced by several hits (i.e., amount and duration of alcohol abuse). Among them, the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites have been recently identified as paramount in ALD pathophysiology. Ethanol abuse triggers qualitative and quantitative modifications in intestinal flora taxonomic composition, mucosal inflammation, and intestinal barrier derangement. Intestinal hypermeability results in the translocation of viable pathogenic bacteria, Gram-negative microbial products, and pro-inflammatory luminal metabolites into the bloodstream, further corroborating the alcohol-induced liver damage. Thus, the premise of this review is to discuss the beneficial effect of gut microbiota modulation as a novel therapeutic approach in ALD management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol Related Pathologies)
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21 pages, 1319 KiB  
Review
Genetic and Epigenetic Modifiers of Alcoholic Liver Disease
by Marica Meroni, Miriam Longo, Raffaela Rametta and Paola Dongiovanni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(12), 3857; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123857 - 03 Dec 2018
Cited by 71 | Viewed by 6196
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a disorder caused by excessive alcohol consumption is a global health issue. More than two billion people consume alcohol in the world and about 75 million are classified as having alcohol disorders. ALD embraces a wide spectrum of hepatic [...] Read more.
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a disorder caused by excessive alcohol consumption is a global health issue. More than two billion people consume alcohol in the world and about 75 million are classified as having alcohol disorders. ALD embraces a wide spectrum of hepatic lesions including steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ALD is a complex disease where environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors contribute to its pathogenesis and progression. The severity of alcohol-induced liver disease depends on the amount, method of usage and duration of alcohol consumption as well as on age, gender, presence of obesity, and genetic susceptibility. Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies have identified genetic modifiers of ALD that can be exploited as non-invasive biomarkers, but which do not completely explain the phenotypic variability. Indeed, ALD development and progression is also modulated by epigenetic factors. The premise of this review is to discuss the role of genetic variants and epigenetic modifications, with particular attention being paid to microRNAs, as pathogenic markers, risk predictors, and therapeutic targets in ALD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol Related Pathologies)
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