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Toxicological Impacts of Emerging Contaminants on Aquatic Organisms

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2026 | Viewed by 405

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Interests: aquatic toxicology; environmental pollution; ecotoxicology; neuroendocrine toxicology; bioremediation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Emerging contaminants—including microplastics, engineered nanoparticles, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, PFAS, and industrial chemicals—are increasingly detected in freshwater and marine environments. These pollutants pose complex risks to aquatic organisms, with growing evidence of their roles in inducing oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, and reproductive impairments. Despite extensive environmental monitoring, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these toxic effects remain underexplored. Understanding how these stressors interact with biological systems is critical for assessing ecological risks and guiding environmental policy.

This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge research and reviews that explore the toxicological impacts of emerging contaminants on aquatic organisms at molecular, cellular, biochemical, physiological, and behavioral levels. We welcome submissions focused on biomarker development, mechanistic toxicology, bioremediation strategies, climate change–pollutant interactions, and omics-based approaches (e.g., transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics). Studies utilizing model or non-model aquatic species, including fish and invertebrates, are encouraged. Emphasis will be placed on interdisciplinary work that advances our understanding of pollutant-induced health effects and supports the development of mitigation and regulatory strategies.

Dr. Mohamed Hamed
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • aquatic toxicology
  • emerging contaminants
  • physiology and behavior
  • oxidative stress
  • antioxidant biomarkers
  • immunotoxicity
  • neuroendocrine toxicity
  • bioremediation
  • molecular mechanisms

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 2961 KB  
Article
Ecotoxicological Impacts of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate on the Freshwater Snail Lanistes carinatus: Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, and Histopathological Alterations
by Mohamed Hamed, Mohammed Abdel-Wahab, Rashad E. M. Said and Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(18), 8898; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26188898 - 12 Sep 2025
Viewed by 235
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), which is known for its environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, poses substantial impacts to aquatic ecosystems. This study assesses the toxic effects of PFOS in the freshwater snail Lanistes carinatus using biomarkers for antioxidant activity, neurotoxicity, and tissue damage. Snails exposed [...] Read more.
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), which is known for its environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, poses substantial impacts to aquatic ecosystems. This study assesses the toxic effects of PFOS in the freshwater snail Lanistes carinatus using biomarkers for antioxidant activity, neurotoxicity, and tissue damage. Snails exposed to PFOS (1, 3, 10 mg/L for 14 days) displayed lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels that increased by 16.3–67.5%, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels that rose by 10.0–58.4%, indicating oxidative damage. Enzyme activities for glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) increased, ranging from 10.0 to 58.3%, 10.0 to 58.4%, and 10.0 to 58.4%, respectively, whereas levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) dropped by 15.0–41.5% and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased by 15.0–41.4%. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) was reduced by a range of 15.0–40.0%, suggesting neurotoxic effects. Histopathological changes in the digestive gland were also noted. Further research on the effects of PFOS on mollusks is required, and investigation into sex-specific toxicity is needed. This shed light on L. carinatus as a sentinel species, providing helpful information for the monitoring and regulation of PFOS in aquatic environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicological Impacts of Emerging Contaminants on Aquatic Organisms)
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