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Molecular Diagnosis in Cardiovascular Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 1036

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Precision Medicine in Medical Surgical and Critical Area (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy
Interests: aneurysm; cardiac surgery; heart failure

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Guest Editor
Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Pathological Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy
Interests: genetic and pathology of aortopathy and cerebrovascular diseases; inflammatpry diseases
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Guest Editor
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapia ad Alta Specializzazione-IRCCS-ISMETT, UPMC Italy, Palermo, Italy
Interests: aneurysm; heart failure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiac diseases form the majority of the global disease burden, owing to the paradigm shift from infectious diseases to non-infectious diseases. The prevalence of CVDs has nearly doubled, increasing from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019. The advent of precision medicine in cardiology has ignited new possibilities for individually personalized, integrative, and patient-centric approaches to disease prevention and treatment. The major objective of this Special Issue was to compile the evolving relevant tools of precision medicine that can help with the evidence-based precise individualized diagnosis of cardiac diseases with the highest DALY. In particular, in this Special Issue, we analyse the role of precision medicine in the diagnosis of aortopathy and heart failure. We are also interested in inflammatory (TLR-4, interleukine, chemochine, linfocite) and non-inflammatory biomarkers (genetic patterns), in addition to the following  prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers of heart failure: NPs (natriuretic peptide), MR-proANP (mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide), IGFBP7 (insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7), Procalcitonina, NPs (natriuretic peptide), hs-cTn (high-sensivity cardiac troponin), sST2 (soluble suppressor of tumorigenicity-2), Gal-3* (Galectina-3), NPs (natriuretic peptide), bio-ADM (bio-adrenomedullin), CA-125 (Cancer antigen 125) and DPP3 (Dipeptidyl peptidase 3).

Prof. Dr. Calogera Pisano
Dr. Carmela Rita Balistreri
Dr. Giuseppe Raffa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cardiac diseases
  • molecular diagnosis
  • aortopathy
  • aneurysm
  • dissection
  • heart failure

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

13 pages, 2526 KiB  
Review
A Narrative Review: Syndecans in Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis and Course—Biomarkers and Targets?
by Calogera Pisano, Laura Asta, Adriana Sbrigata and Carmela Rita Balistreri
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(3), 1211; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031211 - 30 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 874
Abstract
The maintenance of the integrity of the entire endothelium, glycocalyx included, and, therefore, of tissue aorta’s homeostasis, depends on the expressions of several molecular pathways and their interactions, such as syndecan molecules. Alterations in syndecans, i.e., quantitative alterations or linking to their shedding, [...] Read more.
The maintenance of the integrity of the entire endothelium, glycocalyx included, and, therefore, of tissue aorta’s homeostasis, depends on the expressions of several molecular pathways and their interactions, such as syndecan molecules. Alterations in syndecans, i.e., quantitative alterations or linking to their shedding, contributes to invoking endothelium dysfunction, which causes damage to the vessel wall due to the increased production of growth-stimulating and pro-inflammatory gene products. Inflammatory processes negatively affect the integrity of the endothelial glycocalyx, a dynamic layer of the luminal portion of endothelial cells composed of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans, i.e., syndecans. In turn, structural alterations in the endothelial glycocalyx influence the coagulative state, increasing pro-thrombotic processes. The family of syndecans constitutes a major component of glycocalyx or, more accurately, the major source of cell surface heparan sulfate. It encompasses four components: syndecan-1, syndecan-2, and syndecan-4 (with syndecan-3 only expressed in neural tissue), which have a fundamental role in regulating the events of acute and chronic aorta damage subsequently correlated with the formation of aneurysms. As such, the aim of our review is to highlight the current knowledge on the roles of syndecans and to analyze their relationship with the pathological processes of the aortic wall based on the most recent literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnosis in Cardiovascular Diseases)
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